Marginalization In Hussain's The Desolate City: A Postcolonial Critique
This study amalgamates the subjects of World Englishes, Postcolonial Literature and Trauma Literature. Colonization results in restraining the locals on their own homeland, depriving them of the basic necessities and their social, economic and religious rights. The current study has attempted at finding such elements in Indo-Pak Postcolonial Literature of post War of Independence 1857 from the manuscript of The Desolate City by Intizar Hussain translated by Mujahid Eshai, where the plight of the locals of the city of Delhi is accounted. This study has incorporated the textual method utilizing multi-model analysis through the lens of the proposition of Edgar W. Schneider's Dynamic Model of Postcolonial Outer Circle Englishes (2018) and Edward Said's Orientalism (1979). The study has found that despite being in their own homeland, the British power has marginalized the locals either linguistically, economically, religiously or socially. Moreover, apart from the locals being affected, this plight has also affected the former ruling family and royalty.
-
Marginalization, Colonization, Dynamic Model, Postcolonial Literature, Orientalism
-
(1) Kaniz Fatima
Visiting Lecturer, Department of English, Lahore College for Women University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
(2) Muhammad Yousaf Rahim
Faculty of English, National University of Modern Languages (NUML), Islamabad Capital Territory, Pakistan.
(3) Kanzah Musaddiq
MPhil Scholar, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan.
- Ahmed, F., Shafi, S., & Masood, M. H. (2021, June). Critical Media Discourse Analysis of Honour/Honor Killings in Pakistan. Academia Letters, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.20935/al1242
- Anwar, A., Ali, G., & Shaheen, F. (2017). Translation and Colonial Discourse: Analyzing the Urdu translation of English novel
- Chatterjee, C. (2015). The Concept of Marginality in Selected Novels Of Anita Desai and Carol Shields [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Osmania University Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India.
- Deal, C., & Fox, P. (2005). Captive Audience: Exploring Identities of Privilege and Marginality through a Service-Learning Partnership between College Students and Inmates at a Regional Jail. eSharp: Identity and Marginality, 6(1).
- Hassan, M., Shafi, S. C., & Masood, M. H. (2021). Gender and ideology amidst billboard discourse. International Journal of Pukhtunkhwa (Pukhtunkhwa Journal), 6(1).
- Hussain, I. (2021). A Chronicle of the Peacocks: Stories of Partition, Exile and Lost Memories by Intizar Husain (2004'12-09). Oxford University Press; 0 edition (2004-12-09).
- Hussain, I. (2005). Naya Ghar. Radhakrishan Prakashan Pvt. Limited.
- Hussain, I. (2007). Ujaar Shehar. In Delhi Tha Jiska naam. Sage Publications Pvt.
- Hussain, I. (2017). The Desolate City. In Yesterday Lives On (M. Eshai, Translation). Sang-e-Meel Publications.
- Hyder, Q. (2019). River of Fire. New Directions
- Lefevere, A. (1992). Translation/History/Culture: A Sourcebook (Translation Studies). Routledge.
- Lok, I. C. (2012). World Englishes and post- colonialism: Reading Kachru and Said. World Englishes, 31(4), 419-433. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467- 971x.2012.01771.x
- Ludden, D. (2003). Reading Subaltern Studies: Critical History, Contested Meaning and the Globalisation of South Asia [Paperback] [Jan01, 2003] David Ludden (Ed.). Orient Black Swan.
- Lye, J. (1998). An Introduction to Post-Colonialism, Postcolonial Theory and Postcolonial Literature. http://www.decolonize.org/wp- content/uploads/2015/05/an-introduction-to- postcolonialism.pdf
- Masood, M. H., & Shafi, S. (2020c). Exploring Marxist perspective amidst exploitation and false consciousness in Hosain's the old man. International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature, 9(3), 18-24.
- Masood, M. H., Shafi, S. C., Shah, A. A., Kamran, M., Yousaf, M., and Saleem, K. (2020d). Governance Reforms under the Justice and Development Party in Turkey as Model for Pakistan. Elementary Education Online, 9(3), 2701-2712. https://doi.org/10.17051/ilkonline.2020.03.735 429
- Masood, M. H., Shafi, S., & Darwesh, M. A. (2020b). Study of Shakespearean themes and characters through corpus based Voyant Tools approach. In National Conference on Education (NCE- 2020) (p. 57). National University of Modern Languages, H-9/4 Islamabad.
- Masood, M. H., Shafi, S., Sultana, R., & Firdous, M. (2021, May 16). Transformation Towards Emerging Online Teaching Methodologies from Traditional Classrooms During Covid-19 Pandemic in Pakistan [Conference session]. First All Pakistan Online Education Summit (APOES 2020) (p. 33), University of Management & Technology, Lahore, Pakistan.
- Masood, M. H., Shafi, S., Yousaf Rahim, M., and Darwesh, M. A. (2020a). Interference of L1 (Urdu) in L2 (English) in Pakistan: Teaching English as a second language. International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature, 9(5), 110-118. https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.9n.5p.110
- Moosavinia, S. R., Niazi, N., & Ghaforian, A. (2011). Edward Said's Orientalism and the Study of the Self and the Other in Orwell's Burmese Days. STUDIES IN LITERATURE AND LANGUAGE, 2(1), 103-113.
- Nwosu, C. C., & Umobi, S. A. (2016). Colonial alienation and postcolonial marginality in African drama: Implications for lasting peace in Africa. International Journal of Art and Art History, 4(2). https://doi.org/10.15640/ijaah.v4n2a8
- Petersen, K. H. (1988). A double colonization: Colonial and postcolonial women's writing. A. Rutherford (Ed.). Dangaroo Press.
- Post-Colonial Studies: The Key Concepts (Routledge Key Guides) by Bill Ashcroft (13-Jul-2000) Paperback. (2021). Routledge; 2 edition (13 July 2000).
- Said, E. W. (1978). Orientalism. Vintage Books, Random House Inc.
- Said, E. W. (1985). Orientalism reconsidered. Sage Journal, 27(2), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1177/030639688502700201
- Schneider, E. W. (2018). English and colonialism. The Routledge Handbook of English Language Studies.
- Shafi, S. (2019). Portrayal of two emotions in TV Corpus: A corpus based study. In 5th International Multidisciplinary Research Conference (IMRC) (p. 24). Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Peshawar, Pakistan.
- Siddiq, M., Arif, I. M. Q., Shafi, S. C., & Masood, M. H. (2021a). A survey research analysis of effectiveness of vocabulary learning through English vocabulary corpus. International Journal of Education and Pedagogy, 3(2), 1-13. http://myjms.mohe.gov.my/index.php/ijeap/ar ticle/view/13763/7108
- Siddiq, M., Arif, I. M. Q., Shafi, S. C., & Masood, M. H. (2021b). A survey research analysis of effectiveness of vocabulary learning through English vocabulary corpus. In 2nd International Conference on Education, Social Science, Supply Chain, Engineering, Technology and Tourism (ESSET2021) (pp. 8- 19). Confbay, Malaysia.
- Spivak, G. C. (1988). Can the subaltern speak? Marxism and the Interpretation of Culture, 271-313. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349- 19059-1_20
- Staszak, J. (2008). Other/Otherness. International Encyclopedia of Human Geography, 43-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-008044910- 4.00980-9
- Sudhakar, R. B., & Nare, V. M. (2016). Marginalization as reflected in Untouchable and God of Small Things. Research Journey, (1), 26-33.
- Ullah, Z., Arif, I. M., & Qaisar, R. (2020). Comparative analysis of productivity apps on time management: A survey based study. In National Conference on Education (NCE-2020) (p. 49). National University of Modern Languages (NUML), H-9 Islamabad.
- Zahra, K., & ARIF, M. S. (2016). Fiction as History: A postcolonial historiography of British India in River of Fire. Pakistan Journal of Languages and Translation Studies, 4, 3-14.
Cite this article
-
APA : Fatima, K., Rahim, M. Y., & Musaddiq, K. (2021). Marginalization In Hussain's The Desolate City: A Postcolonial Critique. Global Language Review, VI(III), 24-35. https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-III).03
-
CHICAGO : Fatima, Kaniz, Muhammad Yousaf Rahim, and Kanzah Musaddiq. 2021. "Marginalization In Hussain's The Desolate City: A Postcolonial Critique." Global Language Review, VI (III): 24-35 doi: 10.31703/glr.2021(VI-III).03
-
HARVARD : FATIMA, K., RAHIM, M. Y. & MUSADDIQ, K. 2021. Marginalization In Hussain's The Desolate City: A Postcolonial Critique. Global Language Review, VI, 24-35.
-
MHRA : Fatima, Kaniz, Muhammad Yousaf Rahim, and Kanzah Musaddiq. 2021. "Marginalization In Hussain's The Desolate City: A Postcolonial Critique." Global Language Review, VI: 24-35
-
MLA : Fatima, Kaniz, Muhammad Yousaf Rahim, and Kanzah Musaddiq. "Marginalization In Hussain's The Desolate City: A Postcolonial Critique." Global Language Review, VI.III (2021): 24-35 Print.
-
OXFORD : Fatima, Kaniz, Rahim, Muhammad Yousaf, and Musaddiq, Kanzah (2021), "Marginalization In Hussain's The Desolate City: A Postcolonial Critique", Global Language Review, VI (III), 24-35
-
TURABIAN : Fatima, Kaniz, Muhammad Yousaf Rahim, and Kanzah Musaddiq. "Marginalization In Hussain's The Desolate City: A Postcolonial Critique." Global Language Review VI, no. III (2021): 24-35. https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-III).03