2026-10-02T20:17:07Z https://glrjournal.com/oai/?metadataPrefix=oai_dc&verb=ListRecords

oai:glrjournal.com:391811 2016-03-30 glr

Third World Tapestries in the US: Allende and Sidwa - A Comparative Study Amina Ghazanfar Butt Bahramand Shah Diaspora Third World First World Postcolonial Identity Exile. The United States of America serves as a unique site for the literary world of contesting cultures due to the immigrant writers whose spirit of quest pulled them to this terra firma, away from their homelands. These exiled writers reside in the US but their native lands remain the thematic concern of their works. This study critically explores and investigates fictional accounts of two contemporary diaspora authors, i.e. Isabel Allende and Bapsi Sidwa. These female authors from the third world countries present subversive female characters both in the diasporic setting of the United States and in their native locations. Sidwa and Allende create characters who resist the native patriarchal structures of the third world homelands and establish their individual identities in the first world metropolitan. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Area Study Centre for Africa, North & South America, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2016-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Third-World-Tapestries-in-the-US:-Allende-and-Sidwa-A-Comparative-Study https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2016(I-I).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 1, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:391812 2016-03-30 glr

Difficulties in Written Communication Faced by the Students of Commerce: A Study Conducted at Graduate Level (B.Com) Muhammad Riaz Sana Gul Written Communication Business Communication ESL Grammar Morphological structure Syntactical Structure The purpose of this paper is to highlight difficulties the students of Bachelor of commerce (B.Com) face in written communication. During the final year of B.com they study the subject of business communication focused on business correspondence. The major barrier for the students is their inability to use syntax correctly. For this purpose data were collected from 125 randomly selected students form institutes of commerce education in Bahawlapur using untimed grammaticality judgment test. This test was proposed by Rod Ellis (2005) and Erlam (2006) consisting of seventeen challenging grammatical structure. The result showed that majority of students were unable to use correctly the basic structure of English language syntax in their writing. In the posttest interviews they shared that they did not learn these basic structure of English ever in their academic career as they were forced to cram materials. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Government College of commerce Lodhran, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil. Scholar, Northern University, Nowshera, KP, Pakistan. 2016-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Difficulties-in-Written-Communication-Faced-by-the-Students-of-Commerce:-A-Study-Conducted-at-Graduate-Level-(B.Com) https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2016(I-I).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 1, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:391813 2016-03-30 glr

Voicing Critical Pedagogy in Academic Discourse: Exploring Power Structures through Critical Discourse Analysis Nazakat Awan Muhammad Safiullah Akbar Ali Critical Pedagogy Academic Discourse Critical Discourse Analysis Power structures. Friere’s (1970) notion of critical pedagogy empowers marginalized section of educative practices. Neutral education process guarantees autonomy of learners and effective pedagogy. The paper uses this approach to critically investigate academic discourse. It was hypothesized that there were power structures and ideological underpinnings in academic discourse distorting the notion of critical pedagogy. The students instead of harboring reflexivity and performing as co-workers bank upon whatever is deposited in their minds by their mentors. The study was limited to written academic texts in various universities. The academic texts were investigated in the light of one of CDA strategies. Textual analysis helped investigating power structures formed implicitly by nexus of forces which perpetuate nexus of domination. These findings were revealed in different shapes which were exposed with the help of relevant CDA tools. The study offers an important dimension of Pakistani academic discourse for future researches. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. BS Student, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. 2016-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/voicing-critical-pedagogy-in-academic-discourse-exploring-power-structures-through-critical-discourse-analysis- https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2016(I-I).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 1, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:391814 2016-03-30 glr

A Study of Absurdity in Samuel Beckett9apos9s Play Waiting for Godot and Albert Camus Novel The Outsider Irfan Ullah Liaqat Iqbal Abdur Rehman Samuel Beckett Camus Chaos Existentialism Absurdity Novel and Play While keeping in view the elements of absurdity, the study focuses the analysis of Samuel Beckett’s play “Waiting for Godot” and Camus’ novel “The Outsider”. The artistic features of these works such as title, setting, structure, theme, characters and actions/dialogues are overviewed through the lens of absurdity. Both of the texts have these issues in some proportion with different contexts but many similarities. The absurdity appeared was in the form of meaninglessness of life without any goal and purpose, chaos in life, love for death and emotional and spiritual barren characters. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, KP, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Fauji Foundation Education System, Nowshera, KP, Pakistan. 2016-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/A-Study-of-Absurdity-in-Samuel-Becketts-Play-Waiting-for-Godot-and-Albert-Camus-Novel-The-Outsider https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2016(I-I).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 1, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:391815 2016-03-30 glr

Test-Score Reliability of Essay Questions in BA Examination Muhammad Asif Khan Umbreen Ishfaq Language Testing Writing Skill Scorer Reliability Essay Question Writing is one of the basic language skills. Both objective tests and essay questions can be used to evaluate students’ performance in the writing skill. The objective tests are generally considered useful as they help in measuring certain abilities accurately and they yield reliable scores. But essay tests can be used more effectively to measure certain complex learning outcomes such as organization, synthesis, and analysis. Essays provide an effective form of testing to evaluate the communicative skill of students at the higher level. Such items have the problems of consistency, objectivity, and reliability of their scores. The present study focuses on the issue of scorer reliability and attempts to suggest an objective model of scoring for the free-response essay question set in the B.A. examination for Islamia University of Bahawalpur in the subject of English compulsory. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab Assistant Professor, Department of Education,, The University of Haripur, Haripur, KP, Pakistan. 2016-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Test-Score-Reliability-of-Essay-Questions-in-BA-Examination https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2016(I-I).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 1, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:391816 2016-03-30 glr

Problem of Learning Contents through English at BS Level: A Case Study of Agriculture University Peshawar Naseer Ahmad Henna Gul Nisar Namra Munir ELT Syllabus Ability Knowledge The present research relates English language teaching (ELT) effects on learning contents at the BS level in our province. It shows that the contents in syllabus teaching affect communicative ability of the students. It also explains the teachers’ effective delivery of the required knowledge to the learners. The survey method was adopted for this study. Agriculture University Peshawar, students were the population of the research. Data is collected through questionnaire. Humanity Publications Lecturer IBMS, The Univeristy of Agriculture, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer IBMS, , The Univeristy of Agriculture, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2016-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Problem-of-Learning-Contents-through-English-at-BS-Level:-A-Case-Study-of-Agriculture-University-Peshawar https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2016(I-I).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 1, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:391817 2016-03-30 glr

Contrastive Analysis of the English and Pashto Adjectives Akbar Ali Bilal Khan Nazakat Awan Adjectives Contrastive analysis ESL The paper mainly focuses on the contrastive analysis of the use of English and Pashto adjectives. Contrastive Analysis hypothesis developed in the 20th century from the two renowned theories of language acquisition and linguistics i.e. behaviorism and structuralism. This hypothesis states that the major barriers in the second learning and acquisition process arise from the interference of the first language. Contrastive analysis between languages facilitate the linguists and language teachers in predicting the difficulties a learner may confront through a structural, scientific analysis of pairs of languages (Brown, 2007). The adjectives of English and Pashto have been compared in the paper using contrastive analysis approach. The study finds that there are certain similarities and differences in the use of adjectives in English and Pashto which can cause issues in learning English adjective use by L1 Pashto speakers as ESL learners. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, FATA University, Kohat, KP, Pakistan Lecturer, Department of English, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan 2016-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Contrastive-Analysis-of-the-English-and-Pashto-Adjectives https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2016(I-I).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 1, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:391818 2016-03-30 glr

The Effectiveness of CLT in the ESL Context of Pakistan Arshad Ali Khan Hussain Ahmad Sayyed Rashid Ali Shah CLT Experimental Design ESL GMT Intermediate Level Learners Pakistani Context. The study investigates the effectiveness of Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) in Public sector colleges of Pakistan. The experimental study traces improvement in comprehension and writing skills of intermediate level students (studying in grades 11 and 12). An experiment group and a control group are used to study the effects of CLT on learners’ progress. A pre-test and post-test are carried out to measure any improvement in the students’ cognitive learning process. The experiment group is given treatment through vigorous intervention of CLT based activities. The control group is taught through the traditional method of GTM. The data collected from the two groups are analyzed using SPSS. The results show a significant improvement in the learning process, comprehension and writing skills of the students in the experiment group. The analysis proves the appropriateness of CLT for Pakistani ESL context. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Linguistics, UMT Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, English Language Institute, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Assistant Professor, Faculty for Languages and Translation, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia. 2016-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/The-Effectiveness-of-CLT-in-the-ESL-Context-of-Pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2016(I-I).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 1, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:391819 2017-06-30 glr

A Lacanian Reading of Human Psyche in the Poetry of John Keats and Faiz Ahmad Faiz Ali Naqi Aisha Jadoon Fasih Ahmed Romanticism Keats Faiz Psychology Sense of lack Desire of Union Romantic poetry, as an expression of the conscious and unconscious sentiments of the individual, holds a significant potential to be analysed for psychological contents. Such a view would reveal the personal life and psychological status of the poets. Therefore, the present paper concentrates on the Lacanian reading of the poetry of John Keats and Faiz Ahmad Faiz: the two major romantic poets of two different eras. Lacan divides the development of human psyche into three different stages i.e. ‘imaginary order’, ‘symbolic order’ and ‘real order’ While focusing on the ‘imaginary order’ and ‘symbolic order’, this comparative study intends highlighting the similar psychological states of the two poets as expressed in their poetry. Humanity Publications Ph.D. Scholar, Foundation University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Humanities, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Department of Humanities, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2017-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/A-Lacanian-Reading-of-Human-Psyche-in-the-Poetry-of-John-Keats-and-Faiz-Ahmad-Faiz https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2017(II-I).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 2, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:391820 2017-06-30 glr

Linguistic Variation across Research Sections: A Multidimensional Analysis of Pakistani Academic Journal Articles Aniqa Rashid Muhammad Asim Mahmood Sajid Ahmad English language variation Academic register Academic Journal Research Articles Multidimensional Analysis This research analyzes academic journal articles in Pakistan by exploring their linguistic variations in different sections through multidimensional analysis. The analysis identifies the language of Pakistani academic journal articles. The corpus of Pakistani academic journal articles has been culled from a variety of research articles published in Pakistani academic journals. The data have been analyzed along five dimensions of Biber’s (1988) Multidimensional analysis model. The ANOVA result of Pakistani academic journal articles reveals significant differences among research sections of journal articles along Biber’s five dimensions. The finding describes the nature of Pakistani academic journal research articles as informational, impersonal, nonnarrative, elaborated, explicit, and nonpersuasive. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, National University of Modern Languages (Faisalabad campus), Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Professor, Department of Linguistics, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Government Post Graduate College, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2017-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Linguistic-Variation-across-Research-Sections:-A-Multidimensional-Analysis-of-Pakistani-Academic-Journal-Articles https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2017(II-I).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 2, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:391821 2017-06-30 glr

Students' Attitudes to Teachers9apos9 Code -Switching at Undergraduate Level in Pakistan Summaira Aziz Fasih Ahmed Momel Shehnaz Code - Switching Attitudes Education Social Science Natural Science The study investigates attitudes of social and natural science students towards the practice of code switching by respective teachers at undergraduate level. For this purpose, Communication Accommodation Theory (CAT) is applied. An adapted questionnaire of El-Fiki (1999) focused the advantages, disadvantages and CS practice as a helping tool in teaching methodology. The statistical results show a variation in the students’ attitudes based on gender, program and academic background. Furthermore, the results show that the students favor CS as it enhances the comprehension level of the students regarding the subject, they are enrolled in. The study concludes that teachers’ codeswitching proves helpful in achieving the academic goals. Humanity Publications MPhil. Research Scholar, Deparmtent of Humanities, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Head, Department of Humanities, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Junior Research Fellow, Humanity Research Council, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2017-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/students-attitudes-to-teachers9apos9-code-switching-at-undergraduate-level-in-pakistan- https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2017(II-I).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 2, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:391822 2017-06-30 glr

Scale Development for Teaching Appraisal Shahida Naz Memona Rasheed Tahir Rasheed Teaching Skills Evaluation Classroom Management Reliability The study finds if teachers' success in classroom is determined by the efficacy of teaching skills. Successful and effective teaching depend on several factors including level of knowledge, classroom management skills and students assessment. Evaluating the effectiveness of teachers is a challenging task due to the absence of standardized scale for assessing teachers’ classroom disposition. The present study develops and validate a scale for the evaluation of teachers’ teaching skills. Keeping in consideration the previous scales, literature and teaching skills, a scale comprising of 27 items is developed. It is then validated in pilot testing. The developed scale is used for the appraisal of 60 teachers for their teaching skills. The coefficient of reliability for the scale was 0.822 which is acceptable for the scales to be used in social sciences. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan Department of Economics, Bhauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan BS (Student), Department of English, National University of Modern Languages (NUML), Islamabad, Paksitan 2017-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Scale-Development-for-Teaching-Appraisal https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2017(II-I).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 2, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:391823 2017-06-30 glr

Barthian Semiotics in Prince Bahram, In search of Gulandama Liaqat Iqbal Irfan Ullah Reena Khan Semiotics Ronald Barthes Hermeneutic Proairetic Semantic Symbolic Cultural Codes The paper aims at finding Ronald Barthes’ codes in the short story Prince Bahram, In Search of Gulandama. Using textual analysis, the short story was is analysed in the light of Ronald Barthes five codes. It is found that almost all of Ronald Barthes’ codes: hermeneutic, proairetic, semantic, symbolic and cultural codes are present in the short story. The story has puzzles and enigmas which inspire the readers to read the story in order to answer the unanswered questions. Like other stories, in this short story too, sequence is created through proairetic code. There are implied meanings, which bring forth the semantics code. Paradoxes, where binaries are the most import elements, are represented through symbolic codes. Lastly, there are many cultural elements, showing the cultural code. These different aspects gives a comprehensive narrative structure to the story. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, KP, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, KP, Pakistan MPhil. Researcher, Applied Linguistics, Lahore Leeds University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2017-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Barthian-Semiotics-in-Prince-Bahram,-In-search-of-Gulandama https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2017(II-I).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 2, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:391824 2017-06-30 glr

Concordance between Test Items and Lesson Objectives of Pedagogical Discourse Azhar Habib Riaz Ahmed Sana Gul Constructed Response Test Items Learning Objectives English Textbooks The aim of this study is to see if there is any discrepancy between constructed response test items and learning objectives of Grade IX English Textbook published by Punjab Textbook Board, Lahore. As product oriented syllabi have clearly defined objectives, each lesson of the book contains a specified set of objectives. The researcher studied these objectives and their relation to the test items set in annual and supplementary exams conducted by Federal Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education, Islamabad. It was a descriptive study and the data was interpreted using the theoretical framework propounded by Robert J. Marzano and Johns Kendall (2007). It was found that though most of the objectives fulfilled the recommended criteria of the taxonomy. Yet, they remained unfruitful as the test items are not related to them. Thus, the textbook needs to be improved in this regard. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan Mphil Scholar, Department of English, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan MPhil. Scholar, Northern University, Nowshera, KP, Pakistan. 2017-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Concordance-between-Test-Items-and-Lesson-Objectives-of-Pedagogical-Discourse https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2017(II-I).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 2, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:391825 2017-06-30 glr

Test Phobia of IELTS and its Remedy Sadeeq Akbar Shams ul Islam Muhammad Uzair Yousaf Statement Rephrasing Opinion Presentation familiarity of accents IELTS English acquisition as a second language (ESL) has been a Herculean task for students generally. When it comes specifically to IELTS, it seems to be the most difficult assessment of life because students' level of English do not meet the IELTS requirements due to incorrect local practices; either due to unconducive environment or social factors for which the best way out is rephrasing the text, getting used to standard English, majoring appropriate use of tense, lack of familiarity with standard accents. Hence, presentation of opinions and variety of vocabulary with it aspects of synonyms and antonyms produce a better result in scoring respectable bands in IELTS. Humanity Publications M.Phil Scholar, Department of English, Northern University, Nowshehra, KP, Pakistan. Independent Researcher Independent Researcher 2017-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Test-Phobia-of-IELTS-and-its-Remedy https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2017(II-I).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 2, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:391826 2017-06-30 glr

Compounding in Pashto: An Analysis of Compound and Compound- Complex Adjectives Akbar Ali Muhammad Yasir Khan Bilal Khan Compounding Pashto Morphology Compound Adjectives Compoundcomplex Adjectives Compounding as the word formation process is common across languages. Pashto language uses it as a productive morphological process. The paper aims at the structural description of compound and compound-complex adjectives in the language. For this purpose the data were collected through discourse centered method, Pashto newspapers and Pashto programmes on T.V and radio. The data is analyzed using Plag’s (2003) work on word formation in English as theoretical framework. The analysis proves that the grammatical categories exploited in order to derive non-simple adjectives are that of noun, verb and adjective. Further, it also reveals the fact that compound-complex adjectives are derived through synthetic compounding. It also denote the fact that in cases where compound-complex words are formed, the suffixed is invariably attached to the element on the right. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English , Department, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP. Pakistan Lecturer, Department of English, Cadet College, Palandri, AJK. Lecturer, Department of English, FATA University, Kohat, KP, Pakitsan. 2017-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Compounding-in-Pashto:-An-Analysis-of-Compound-and-Compound-Complex-Adjectives https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2017(II-I).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 2, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:391827 2017-06-30 glr

The Culture of Silence and Secrets: Repressions and Psychological Disorders among Pakistani Housewives in Fiction Noreen Zainab Aisha Jadoon Muhammad Nawaz Repression Psychological Disorders Abuse Pakistani Housewives Short Stories Pakistani housewives suffer emotional and psychological repression in their daily lives, which result in the mental instability and psychological disorders. Through the analysis of two short stories by Pakistani feminist writers Shaila Abdullah and Rukhsana Ahmad, this paper studies the repressions of Pakistani housewives, and their emotional sufferings, to identify the long-lasting effects of emotional abuse among Pakistani women. Using the Freudian theory of unconscious as theoretical basis, this paper analyzed the unconscious of both female protagonists, the stereotypical Pakistani housewives. Through narrative analysis of both short stories, it is concluded that due to the Pakistani culture of silence and secrets unconscious of women becomes their cage, a cage that restrains all their unexpressed emotions, fears and memories. This paper suggests consciousness raising among Pakistani women regarding the significance of their psychological health, which can destroy their lives without them knowing about it Humanity Publications Research Scholar, Department of English, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Humanities, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Humanities, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2017-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/The-Culture-of-Silence-and-Secrets:-Repressions-and-Psychological-Disorders-among-Pakistani-Housewives-in-Fiction https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2017(II-I).09 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 2, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:391828 2018-03-30 glr

On Being Ugly: An Analysis of Arundhati Roy's Beauty Norms in The Ministry of Utmost Happiness Noreen Zainab Aisha Jadoon Amna Saeed Beauty Transgender Morality Narrative Analysis Ugliness Abuse Stereotype Beauty in the world of art is one of the most celebrated ideas. In this paper, Arundhati Roy’s novel The Ministry of Utmost Happiness is analyzed with reference to one of its major character, Anjum, an ugly transgender. Adopting the theoretical framework of Halberstam (2005) this paper argues that the physical appearance, either ugly or beautiful, shapes the attitudes of people towards each other. People, who are considered ugly according to social standards, suffer harassment and abuse at various stages of their life in different ways. Therefore, this paper contends the popular social perception that equates the absence of harmony and beauty in the appearance of an individual with the absence of the humane soul and morality of character. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Foundation University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Humanities, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Humanities, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2018-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/on-being-ugly-an-analysis-of-arundhati-roys-beauty-norms-in-the-ministry-of-utmost-happiness- https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2018(III-I).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 3, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:391829 2018-03-30 glr

Language Learning Strategies and Students9apos9 Performance in ESL Classrooms Arshad Ali Khan Sayyed Rashid Ali Shah Hussain Ahmad Learning Strategies Performance Cognitive Strategy Memory Strategy This study investigates the relation of language learning strategies, memory, cognitive, compensation, metacognitive, social and affective strategy with the language performance of undergraduate students in ESL classroom. Data from the sample of 97 male and 63 female learners in a private university was collected through Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SILL) by Oxford (1990), which is based on 50 items on the pattern of five-point Likert scale. Students’ GPA scores were collected for the relevant course in order to examine language performance. For descriptive and inferential statistics, the data have been analyzed through SPSS 15.0. The results showed a significant difference between used language strategy and performance. The cognitive and memory strategies were more significant while social and affective strategies were least significant. The study also revealed that female students used strategies more than male students, however gender did not play any significant role in language performance. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Linguistics, University of Management & Technology (UMT), Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Faculty for Language and Translation, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia. Lecturer, English Language Institute, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. 2018-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Language-Learning-Strategies-and-Students-Performance-in-ESL-Classrooms https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2018(III-I).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 3, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:391830 2018-03-30 glr

Interface of Education and Religion: The Inclusiveness of Academic Discourse in Pakistan Azhar Habib Karim Dad Muhammad Idris Culture Religions Education English Textbooks Pakistan Knowledge about different religions of the world is vital for developing interfaith harmony. The present research aims at finding the portrayal of different religions in English textbooks taught at the Secondary Level in government schools of Pakistan. It is purely a quantitative study. In this context, the reading passages of the textbooks taught in five provinces and the capital are sifted for finding references to different religions. The contents related to religions have been quantified and classified in two broad ways: mention and depiction. The results of the study indicate that religion Islam dominates with 89.8% and 91.9% instances of mention and depiction respectively. The percentage of Christianity Hinduism, Judaism, and Buddhism is 10.2% and 8.1% in mention and depiction respectively. It means the other religions are not given sufficient space. It is, therefore, recommended that attention should be paid to them in the course contents. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakitan. Associate Professor, Department of Islamic Studies, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Assiatnt Professor, Department of Education, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 2018-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Interface-of-Education-and-Religion:-The-Inclusiveness-of-Academic-Discourse-in-Pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2018(III-I).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 3, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:391833 2018-03-30 glr

ELT Syllabus: Hegemonic Sabotaging of Pakistan's Ideology at HSSC level Ejaz Mirza Nazak Hussain Syed Ali Shah Hegemony Ideology Source Culture "Us/Self" "Them/Other" Values Idealization Target Culture English Language Teaching has become a compulsory subject in the curricula of many developing countries. There has been an increase in the trend of skeptic viewing of the credibility of this subject for teaching only a language and not its ideology and culture. Studies show that under the impact of ELT learners develop a positive attitude to English culture and depreciation of the indigenous one. Same is the case in Pakistan. English ideologies and cultural representation were uncovered through the application of CDA. The main ideologies found in these books were superiority of "Us/Self" and the inferiority of "Them/Other". The paper present the source and target culture in their true perspective making the source culture part of esteem instead of the foreign culture. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, NUML, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Department of English,, Air University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 2018-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/elt-syllabus-hegemonic-sabotaging-of-pakistans-ideology-at-hssc-level- https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2018(III-I).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 3, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:391834 2018-03-30 glr

Universal Psychological Mechanisms of Guilt and Redemption: An Analysis of the Scarlet Letter and Raja Gidh Shumaila Mazhar Azka Khan Durdana Khosa Conscience Guilt Psychoanalysis Redemption Superego Freud’s trifurcated concept of human nature asserts that unlike other emotional states, guilt is a quite complicated feeling which requires a differentiated and powerful brain. A human brain, being cognizant of this uniqueness, is capable of self-appraisal and self-censure. The present study penetrates the intricacies of human mind through the study of protagonists of The Scarlet Letter and Raja Gidh. The concept of Freudian superego is used to examine the two characters, Dimmesdale and Qayyum, set in completely different temporal and spatial dimensions of human society. The parameters of psychoanalytical interpretation describes the human psychological distress and fight against the mental chaos after crossing the ethical boundaries of morality. It postulates that Freudian psychoanalysis contributes effectively to research in literary criticism beyond the social, cultural and linguistic boundaries as it highlights the universality of unique human feelings. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women University, Quetta, Baluchistan, Pakistan. Associate Lecturer, Department of English, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women University, Quetta, Baluchistan, Pakistan. 2018-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Universal-Psychological-Mechanisms-of-Guilt-and-Redemption:-An-Analysis-of-the-Scarlet-Letter-and-Raja-Gidh https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2018(III-I).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 3, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Us vs Them Positioning in Academic Setting: A Critical Discourse Perspective Sania Athar Muhammad Yousaf Azhar Habib Us Vs Them Gender Positioning Academic setting Discursive Practices Gendered Language This study attempts to analyze gender positioning in different social settings. For this purpose, Muted Group Theory plus Van Dijks Model (2007) from Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) have been employed to inspect gender positioning in the academic setting in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. These models help in identifying the relation between various individuals and promoting person to person interaction. The gender critical discourse analysis helps in dissecting the irregularities in gender positioning and imbalances found between the males and females especially using language and the power relations which are built through various discourses. The different discourses gathered in this research study are qualitative in nature and are gathered from three famous universities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The investigation uncovered that desultory techniques are used by male and female to support or resist each other. Humanity Publications M.Phil Scholar, NUML, Islamabad, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, NUML, Islamabad, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, NUML, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2018-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Us-vs-Them-Positioning-in-Academic-Setting:-A-Critical-Discourse-Perspective https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2018(III-I).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 3, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Postcolonial perspective in No Longer at Ease and A Passage to India Liaqat Iqbal Irfan Ullah Abdur Rehman Postcolonialism Chinua Achebe E. M. Forster ambivalence stereotyping mimicry hybridity representation orality Postcolonialism with its various aspects is focused in this paper. The present study highlights the key postcolonial issues in Chinua Achebe’s novel No Longer at Ease and E. M. Forster’s novel A Passage to India. While keeping in view length of the chapters, only the first chapter of No Longer at Ease and the first three chapters of A Passage to India have been analyzed and discussed. The postcolonial issues found in these novels are ambivalence, stereotyping, mimicry, hybridity, representation, orality, binarism and marginalization. Almost both of the novels got these issues in some proportion with different contexts but still with many similarities. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Fauji Foundation Education System, Nowshera, KP, Pakistan. 2018-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Postcolonial-perspective-in-No-Longer-at-Ease-and-A-Passage-to-India https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2018(III-I).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 3, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Effects of Hindi Dubbed Cartoons on Students' Linguistic Patterns and Culture Shahida Naz Memona Rasheed Tahir Rasheed Dubbed Cartoons Linguistic Patterns Hindi Language Culture Urdu Language Pakistani Culture The study aims to explore the role of Hindi dubbed cartoons in instilling linguistic patterns and culture among primary school students of Lahore. The study verifies the hypothesis that Hindi dubbed cartoons are instilling linguistic patterns and culture among children. The measures for collecting data included an indigenous demographic sheet, questionnaire for school going children, and questionnaire for parents. The sample of the current research comprised of 200 respondents (students=100 and parents=100) from Lahore city through convenient sampling. The data was analyzed through SPSS version 21.00. Pearson Product Moment Correlation was used to analyze the relationship between watching Hindi dubbed cartoons, instilling linguistic pattern and culture. The findings revealed that there is significant correlation between watching Hindi dubbed cartoon and instilling linguistic pattern and culture. The findings cater insight for future researchers. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Department of Economics, Bhauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. BS (Student), Department of English, NUML, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2018-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/effects-of-hindi-dubbed-cartoons-on-students-linguistic-patterns-and-culture- https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2018(III-I).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 3, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Writing a Critical Review of Literature: A Practical Guide for English Graduate Students Sayyed Rashid Shah Fasih Ahmed Reena Khan Applied Linguistics Lahore LeedsUniversity Lahore Punjab Pakistan. As an integral part of dissertations and theses, research scholars in different disciplines require to write a comprehensive chapter on "literature review" that establishes the conceptual and theoretical foundations of an empirical research study. This, however, poses an intellectual challenge to produce a critical review of the published research on a given topic. Therefore, this paper addresses the students problems of writing the literature review in a thesis or dissertation at the graduate and postgraduate levels. It explains the process and steps of reviewing literature for a thesis chapter. These steps include; a) critical reading and note-taking, b) writing a summary of the reviewed literature, c) organization of literature review, and d) the use of a synthesis matrix. The last part of the paper offers suggestions on how to write critically and make the researcher's voice explicit in the chapter. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Faculty of Languages & Translation, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia. HOD, Department of Humanities, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan. MPhil. Researcher, Applied Linguistics, Lahore Leeds University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2018-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Writing-a-Critical-Review-of-Literature:-A-Practical-Guide-for-English-Graduate-Students https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2018(III-I).09 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 3, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Approaches to Text Analysis Mark Perkins Text Analysis Lemmas and Concepts Text Analysis Technologies Enterprise Search Text Analysis is a broad term that covers many approaches and technologies. Those initially stemming from the academic sphere have come to enter the commercial, and today there is a wide interplay between the two. A further dichotomy is that between natural language and computational approaches. Over time, approaches have come to draw upon each other, although there are still clear dividing lines and practitioners tend to rely mainly on one approach or the other. This paper seeks to draw out these approaches and give an account of them over time. It also points to future developments where artificial intelligence is increasingly used. Humanity Publications Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Repindex, Cambridge, UK. 2019-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Approaches-to-Text-Analysis https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2019(IV-I).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 4, Issue 1 Pakistan

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The Echoes of Conscience: Study of Lord of the Flies based on Ghazalian Nafs-e-Lawwama and Freudian Superego Samina Amin Qadir Shumaila Mazhar Mehwish Malghani Psychoanalysis Superego Conscience Psyche The current study aims at exploring the working of Ghazalian nafs e Lawwama and Freudian superego in Lord of the Flies. This study, in the parameters of psychoanalytical interpretation, explicitly describes the profound impact of nafs e lawwama / superego on the major characters of the novel, as they cross the limitations of morality, get tortured by remorse, and finally struggle to compensate for it. The study finds out that Ghazalian nafse-lawwama and Freudian superego impose constraints on the instant fulfillment of pleasures of id / nafs-e-ammara and reproaches ego / aql for its negligence of the voice of conscience. This study provides an exciting opportunity to advance our knowledge of literary analysis and contributes to this growing area of research by probing into the depth of the human psyche Humanity Publications Vice Chancelor, Fatima Jinnah University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women University, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women University, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. 2019-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/The-Echoes-of-Conscience:-Study-of-Lord-of-the-Flies-based-on-Ghazalian-Nafs-e-Lawwama-and-Freudian-Superego https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2019(IV-I).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 4, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Outcome-Based Assessment and Saudi National Qualifications Framework: An Evaluation of English-Major’s Summative Examinations Muhammad Umer Abdul Fattah Soomro Assessment Tasks Authenticity Critical Thinking Learning Outcomes Quality Assurance Aligning assessment practices with instructional and learning strategies trigger deep learning. However, research confirms that some language teaching contexts do not moderate a positive association between assessment methods and course learning outcomes (CLOs). This research attempted to examine the congruence between assessment task designs and CLOs of an English-major program in a Saudi public university and evaluate the authenticity of the tasks. To seek answers for the research questions, final examination marked papers of nine randomly selected courses were evaluated. The study used a documentary research method. The question papers underwent both quantitative and qualitative analysis. The results evinced inconsistencies in assessment task designing and marking styles across the courses. The tasks were invalid and unauthentic, and they did not match CLOs. Therefore, suggestions are presented that the assessment practices should be revisited to stop assessment tempering in the interest of observable and sustainable academic achievements. Humanity Publications Assistnt Professor, Department of English, Islamia College University Peshawar, Kpk, Pakistan. Associate Professor, English language Centre, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia. 2019-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/outcomebased-assessment-and-saudi-national-qualifications-framework-an-evaluation-of-englishmajors-summative-examinations https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2019(IV-I).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 4, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Doctrine of Fana and Baqa of Sufism in Shafaks The Forty Rules of Love: A Content Analysis Nayab Aziz Bugti Fouzia Rehman Khan Sufism Fana & Baqa Rumi Novel The study aims to find aspects of the Doctrine of Fana and Baqa from Sufism in different characters of Shafaks novel The Forty Rules of Love. For this purpose qualitative mode of inquiry is adopted. The technique of content analysis is used for data analysis underpinned with Junayds theoretical framework of Sufism. The study finds that Shafak portrayed Fana as foundation and Baqa as a goal in Sufism through love as an inspirational tool, and concludes that Shafak has focused on Universal Love and spirituality but parallel to the emotions, experiences of Fana are revealed through the portrayal of characters. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of English, Sardar Bahadur Khan Womens University, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Sardar Bahadur Khan Womens University, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. 2019-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Doctrine-of-Fana-and-Baqa-of-Sufism-in-Shafaks-The-Forty-Rules-of-Love-A-Content-Analysis https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2019(IV-I).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 4, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Phonology, Morphology, and Syntax Interfaces in Pakistani Languages Umaima Kamran Samra Saghir lexical variation Pakistani languages IndoAryan interfaces. This paper is about language variation i.e. lexical variation caused by the interfaces of Phonology, Morphology and Syntax in Pakistani languages. According to Shackle (2014) Urdu, Punjabi and Seraiki languages belong to the Indo-Aryan language family. However, there are found many lexical differences significant enough to make these languages quite different from one another. The study focuses on these lexical variations based on three types of interfaces, i.e. Phonology/Morphology, Phonology/Syntax, and Morphology/Syntax. The data has been collected from the native speakers of Urdu, Punjabi, and Seraiki. The analysis of the data includes finding out the three types of interfaces, making derivations and notations (Chomsky and Halle; 1968), and formulating the rules. Then a comparison of all these rules and lexical variations have been discussed. Results have shown that these interfaces play an important role to cause lexical variation among Urdu, Punjabi and Seraiki; the languages with common ancestry Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Visiting Lecturer, Department of English, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2019-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Phonology-Morphology-and-Syntax-Interfaces-in-Pakistani-Languages https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2019(IV-I).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 4, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Sherman Alexies Environmental Racism in The Summer of Black Widows Ghulam Murtaza Shaheena Ayub Bhatti Shazia Rose Native American Literature Euroamerican Literature Anthropomorphism Speciesism Nature Horizontal and Vertical Relationship with Relationship with the environment is rooted in the epistemology of a community. The white worldview favors hierarchy of the chain of being. Environment being at the lowest rung deserves only one response from mankind: subjugation and destruction which entail white dominance for ecocide of the Native American environment. Alexies incorporation of Nature is not an escapist stance; it comes from the understanding that no venture into future is possible without understanding the past. The Native American epistemology is land based in which geography, events, myth and history cohere with mutually supporting brotherhood of humans and non-humans. Alexie is an environmental racist who believes that the Euroamericans are responsible for the breach of the Native American ecological balance. Dislocations of the Natives and the destruction of their environment meant the annihilation of their civilization. Alexies poetry imaginatively recovers the Native American relationship with the environment destroyed by EuroAmerican colonization Humanity Publications Associate Professor, Department of English, GC University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Professor, Department of English, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, NUML, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2019-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Sherman-Alexies-Environmental-Racism-in-The-Summer-of-Black-Widows https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2019(IV-I).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 4, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Achieving the Validity of Essay Questions in the Subject of English at B. A. Level Examinations Muhammad Asif Khan Assessment Essay Questions Validity Writing Skill The writing skill is one of the important language skills. This skill is especially useful for students of higher classes. In the Pakistani institutes of education, it is a matter of common observation that the writing skill gets more attention than the other language skills. Essay questions form an important and essential part of the assessment of the writing skill at the college level in Pakistan. The present study focuses on the Essaytype questions set in the subject of English (a compulsory subject) in the B.A. examinations for the students of government colleges. The examination is conducted by the Islamia University of Bahawalpur which is a public sector university. The study points out that the essay questions for the said examination lack validity and that is why they fail to measure accurately the intended objectives as well as skills. The study suggests ways to make the essay questions valid. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2019-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Achieving-the-Validity-of-Essay-Questions-in-the-Subject-of-English-at-B-A-Level-Examinations https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2019(IV-I).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 4, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Migrations Impacts on Diminishing Lingual Heritage Abid Ghafoor Chaudhry Mahwish Zeeshan Communication Language Lingual Heritage Migration Momentum Mother Tongue Multi-lingual. Socialization in the post-migration phase has a key role in shaping the behavior of the people towards a new place, culture and phenomenon. The socialization of children after the migration has potential impacts on the diminishing lingual heritage. Migration has radically exposed the younger generation to this challenge threatening the lingual heritage. They, most probably, lose their mother tongue and get socialized in other languages. This study explores the latent hazards faced by migrants from a rural setting and their impacts on the diminishing languages. The methodology of the study was descriptive. In-depth questionnaires were conducted along with a focused group discussion of sample 95 out-migrant families, living in Rawalpindi and Islamabad through a convenient sampling technique. The results from the cross-comparison of three generations show that the majority of the grandparents and parents proudly speak their native languages whereas their children are rapidly getting alienated from the language of their forefather Humanity Publications Associate Professor, Anthropology, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Anthropology, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2019-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Migrations-Impacts-on-Diminishing-Lingual-Heritage https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2019(IV-I).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 4, Issue 1 Pakistan

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The Science of Signs: An Analysis of Mantos Mastery of Semiotics Mehwish Malghani Zartashia Hanif Hina Naz Manto Semiotics Saussure and Partition Saadat Hassan Manto is one of the most prominent voices from South-East Asia, who has achieved a legendary status due to his most eloquent and articulate representation of the angst, pain and violence of the Indo-Pak partition. The present research aims at exploring the use and functions of semiotic elements in the works of Saadat Hassan Manto. The sample used for this purpose has been selected from three short stories of Manto, namely Black Salwar and A Lump of Cold Flesh translated by Jai Ratan and Toba Tek Singh translated by Pritchett(n.d.). The theoretical framework used to analyze the text is by Saussure (1983). The research follows a qualitative mode of inquiry. The data has been analyzed thematically, within the fundamentals of the earlier mentioned theoretical framework. The findings of the study revealed that Manto made an extra-ordinary use of semiotics to portray the psychological condition of his characters. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, SBK Womens University of Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, SBK Womens University of Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, SBK Womens University of Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. 2019-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/The-Science-of-Signs-An-Analysis-of-Mantos-Mastery-of-Semiotics https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2019(IV-I).09 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 4, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Demystifying Ideology: A Socio-Semiotic Analysis of Billboard Advertisements Amina Khalid Arshad Ali Khan Sadia Ashraf Ideology Billboard Advertisement Social Semiotic Critical Discourse Analysis The aim of the present study is to investigate the hidden ideologies in the billboard advertisements in the landscape of Lahore. The following questions have been designed: How do the billboard advertisements represent different ideologies in the landscape of Lahore? What types of ideology are implied in the billboard advertisements in the landscape of Lahore? The nature of the research is descriptive and qualitative. The sampling of the study is based on four billboards displayed in the main boulevard of Pakistan International Airline Society Lahore. The socio semiotic theoretical framework of Kress and Van Leeuwen (1996-2006) has been used. Those metafunctions such as representational, interactive and compositional have been investigated in this study. The study revealed that certain ideologies have been implied in the advertisements by the advertisers in order to achieve their aim which is to make their products popular, hence, the fulfilment of economic interests. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Linguistics and Communication, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Linguistics and Communication, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Linguistics and Communication, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2019-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Demystifying-Ideology-A-Socio-Semiotic-Analysis-of-Billboard-Advertisements https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2019(IV-I).10 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 4, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Professional Development of Pakistani EFL Teachers and the Culture of Learner Autonomy Uzma Quraishi Ayesha Butt Sameera Ayub Bhatti English as a foreign language (EFL) Foreign Language Teaching (FLT) Foreign Language Classrooms The value and impact of professional development of teachers are never-ending phenomena and it continues to develop betterment in the teaching performances. The current study aimed at giving professional development training to Pakistani English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers with reference to bringing, promoting and practicing the culture of learner autonomy in the EFL classrooms. Learner autonomy is a widely used concept in foreign language teaching and learning which makes learners more independent, selfconscious and self-aware of their own learning process. This experimental study represents Pakistani EFL teachers as the population, whereas 60 EFL teachers from the various universities of the province Punjab were taken as the sample. The results obtained showed a clear difference in the agreement of the teachers on using and practicing learner autonomy in their classrooms. Their concepts and mindsets on learner autonomy were changed after the training sessions. Humanity Publications Professor and Director, Institute of Education, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, TESOL, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Lahore School of Accountacy and Finance, The University of Lahore (UOL), Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2019-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Professional-Development-of-Pakistani-EFL-Teachers-and-the-Culture-of-Learner-Autonomy https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2019(IV-I).11 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 4, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Assimilating Gender Subversion into Counter Hegemony: A Journey from Personal to Societal Disruption in a Fairy Tale Faria Saeed Khan Zainab Akram Fouzia Rehman Khan Gender Subversion Counter Ehegemony Fairy Tale Personal and Social Disruption The fairy tales depict dissatisfied characters, whose individual potential and capabilities are limited under specific gender categories and societal hegemony. Thus, the characters, thus, rebel against the conventions, through gender subversion, and countering the hegemony forces. Thus, the paper is built on the theoretical frameworks of gender subversion, by Judith Butler (1990) and counter-hegemony by Antonio Gramsci (1971). The qualitative research thematically analyzed the character of Alex Bailey from, The Enchantress Returns by Chris Colfer (2013). The findings revealed that subverting gender gives confidence at the personal level, to counter-hegemonic forms at the social level. The findings also revealed that Alex was criticized, tormented, and discouraged for the subversion of the gender rules and norms, but, she encountered the prevailing hegemony and transformed at the societal level. The transformations are not necessarily massive, but, are sufficient enough to affect Alex and her actions. Humanity Publications Professor, Department of English, , University of Balochistan, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English,, Sardar Bahadur Khan Womens University Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Sardar Bahadur Khan Womens University Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. 2019-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Assimilating-Gender-Subversion-into-Counter-Hegemony-A-Journey-from-Personal-to-Societal-Disruption-in-a-Fairy-Tale https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2019(IV-I).12 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 4, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Aspects of Discourse Stream Analysis Mark Perkins Big textual data discourse tense and time sentiment fake news The huge proliferation of textual (and other data) in digital and organisational sources has led to new techniques of text analysis. The potential thereby unleashed may be underpinned by further theoretical developments to the theory of Discourse Stream Analysis (DSA) as presented here. These include the notion of change in the discourse stream in terms of discourse stream fronts, linguistic elements evolving in real time, and notions of time itself in terms of relative speed, subject orientation and perception. Big data has also given rise to fake news, the manipulation of messages on a large scale. Fake news is conveyed in fake discourse streams and has led to a new field of description and analysis. Humanity Publications CEO (Chief Executive Office), Repindex Ltd, Cambridge, UK. 2019-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Aspects-of-Discourse-Stream-Analysis https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2019(IV-II).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 4, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Deeper into the Wilderness of Feminine Psyche in the Scarlet Letter and Raja Gidh: A Comparative Analysis of Ghazalian Aql and Freudian Ego Samina Amin Qadir Shumaila Mazhar Fouzia Rahman Khan Psyche conscious aq'l ego The present study is aimed at exploring psychological conflicts in thefemale protagonists of Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter and Qudsias Raja Gidh. This study, in the parameters of psychoanalytical interpretation, explicitly describes the profound influence of aql and ego on Hester and Seemi, as they cross the ethical restrictions of morality, become tortured by remorse, and finally try to compensate for it. Hester attempts to recompense her sins through charitable services due to her strong belief in redemption through good works; whereas, Seemi undergoes a strange psychic experience and suffers from failures, leading to her death. This study focusing on the application of Ghazalian aql and Freudian ego provides an exhilarating opportunity to advance our knowledge of literary analysis and contributes to this growing area of research by probing into the depth of the human mind. Humanity Publications Vice Chancelor, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor,, Department of English, SBK Womens University, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of English, SBK Womens University, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan 2019-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Deeper-into-the-Wilderness-of-Feminine-Psyche-in-the-Scarlet-Letter-and-Raja-Gidh:-A-Comparative-Analysis-of-Ghazalian-Aql-and-Freudian-Ego https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2019(IV-II).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 4, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Marriage and the Exploitation of Women: A Case-Study of The Bell Jar by Sylvia Plath Maryam Imtiaz Muhammad Asif Khan Aamer Shaheen domestic life female exploitation marriage patriarchal totalitarianism Sylvia Plath. The present is a case study with a special focus on the institution of marriage which is inflicted upon women for their exploitation as represented in the selected text. This objective has been realized through a text-based exploration of the exploitation of female members of the society in the name of marriage. The selected text has been analyzed in light of feminist ideology. The research highlights the exploitation of women in the 1950s. The institution of marriage has been viewed as a hard chain that restricts female members of American society from flourishing as individual beings. The outcome of this exploitation has been seen in the negation of this institution by the protagonist and her negative impression of this institution. The study has consulted the perspectives of feminists such as Josephine Donovan, Kate Millet and Sheila Cronan to critically evaluate the suffering and its consequences for the protagonist Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, BZ University, Lodhran Campus, Lodhran, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, GC University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, English Literature, GC University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2019-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Marriage-and-the-Exploitation-of-Women:-A-Case-Study-of-The-Bell-Jar-by-Sylvia-Plath https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2019(IV-II).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 4, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Agha Shahid Ali: Hyphenated Identities as a Tool for Understanding the Diasporic Sensibility Muhammad Kazim Hussain Mahwish Zeeshan Christoph Houswitschka Agha Shahid Ali Diaspora Diasporic Literature English Literature Hyphenated Identity Identity Metaphor The question of identity lies at the nucleus of literary theory, as well as socio-political discourse. The classification of ones identity is often used to analyze and better understand the work of many authors and their lives. However, the issue that arises regarding these questions is the urge to simplify identity as linear and monolithic. This proves problematic as such an approach overlooks major aspects of the authors works, especially in the case of diasporic literature. It does not suffice to simply consider the multifaceted identities of these writers when categorizing them. The realization, of how these identities not only inform the writings of these people but also introduce into the English language flavors from other languages and cultures, is essential for the progress of a diasporic sensibility. A basic methodology is developed in this paper regarding multidimensional realities in poetry, with Agha Shahid Ali as a case-study, to elaborate on how a diasporic author can use and introduce novel forms into the English language. Humanity Publications Scholar, Department of English Literature, Otto-Friedrich-Universitat Bamberg, Germany. Scholar, Anthropology, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Professor, Department of English Literature, Otto-Friedrich-Universitat, Bamberg, Germany 2019-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Agha-Shahid-Ali:-Hyphenated-Identities-as-a-Tool-for-Understanding-the-Diasporic-Sensibility https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2019(IV-II).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 4, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Manipulating the Reader: Literary Stylistics Analysis of James Joyces A Portrait of the Artist As a Young Man Muhammad Ajmal Ayaz Afsar Mehwish Malghani Manipulating the Reader Discourse Presentation Speech Acts Speech Writing and Thought Presentation This study unveils some strategies deployed by James Joyce to manipulate the reader when they experience textual patterns to decipher meaning from the text. Investigating Joyces A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, this study delves into how the reader is pragmatically positioned and cognitively (mis)directed as Joyce guides their attention and influences their judgment. Thus, the text is a tool in the hand of the reader which evokes certain responses in readers and makes them invest time and struggle in understanding the text. Joyces use of speech categories and their speech acts or their summaries are crucial determining factors for the scales and corresponding modes of discourse presentation (Semino and Short 2004,p.19). The study concludes by providing the significant and functional role of the interplay between two highly complex discourse phenomena: speech acts and discourse presentation. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English Language & Literature, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Dean, Languages and Literature, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Sardar Bahadur Khan Womens University, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. 2019-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Manipulating-the-Reader:-Literary-Stylistics-Analysis-of-James-Joyces-A-Portrait-of-the-Artist-As-a-Young-Man https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2019(IV-II).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 4, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Going Against the grain: An FPDA of The Epic of Gilgamesh Samreen Zaheer Farzana Masroor FPDA The aspects of ones identity are positioned within a context prescribed by culture and they are according to cultural expectation. The present study aims to add/explore power dynamics that are embedded in the discourses of Ishtar and Shamhat. This study is concerned with how in The Epic of Gilgamesh, the two female characters: Ishtar and Shamhat are received and perceived by their immediate audience. The present study through feminist Post Structured Discourse Analysis (FPDA) (Baxter, 2003) lens analyzes characters of Ishtar and Shamhat, the focus of the study is to inspect the ways through these characters negotiates their positions, identities and relationships in a society that is dominated by patriarchal traditional discourses. It is concluded that both female characters in their respective discourses are victorious in their persuasion of action and manner of speaking. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, National University of Modern Languages, Quetta Campus, Balochistan, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Humanities, Air University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2019-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Going-Against-the-grain:-An-FPDA-of-The-Epic-of-Gilgamesh https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2019(IV-II).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 4, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Fostering Learner Autonomy through Foreign Language Learning Strategies among Pakistani EFL Learners Ayesha Butt Uzma Quraishi Sameera Ayub Bhatti Learner autonomy (LA) Foreign language learning strategies (FLLS) English as a foreign language Learner autonomy refers to the practical situations and interventions of learning, where individual independence of a learner is given more attention (Smith, 2008). Learner autonomy (LA) can be promoted in foreign language classrooms by using foreign language learning strategies and it can pave the way for successful learning outcomes (Kim, 2013). Foreign language learning strategies (FLLS) are the behaviors, techniques and active engagement of learners (Ellis, 2008). The present study identified the foreign language learning strategies (FLLS), used by the Pakistani students at the tertiary level, where they were found to be unaware of the phenomena. Then a learner-training program based on FLLS was designed and implemented on the sample of 50 EFL students to foster autonomy. The research through an experiment of intervention found the effectiveness of the program with reference to LA development, the enhanced use of FLLS by students and the stimulation of their interest. Humanity Publications Lecturer, TESOL, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Vice Chancellor, Women University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Lahore School of Accountancy and Finance, The University of Lahore (UOL), Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2019-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Fostering-Learner-Autonomy-through-Foreign-Language-Learning-Strategies-among-Pakistani-EFL-Learners https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2019(IV-II).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 4, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Intertextual Elements Highlighting the Postmodernist Features of Tangled (2010) Mehwish Ali Khan Fouzia Rehman Khan Postmodernism Intertextuality Hypertext Hypotext Fairy Tales The present study focuses on one of the contemporary American fairy tale movies to analyze the postmodernist aspects present in these movies. The researcher has selected the movie Tangled released in 2010 for this purpose, it is a remake of the famous fairy tale Rapunzel recorded by famous fairy tale writers, Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm. One of the most prominent patterns of analyzing the movies through the lens of postmodernism is the framework by Kevin Paul Smith, in his book The Postmodern Fairytale, Folkloric Intertexts in Contemporary Fiction. He has presented eight elements of intertextuality to examine the intertextual elements of the older fairy tales present in contemporary literature (2007). Analysis reveals these eight elements in Tangled (2010) that are evident in traces of postmodernity in the movie. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Englislh, Sardar Bahadur Khan Womens University, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Sardar Bahadur Khan Womens University, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. 2019-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Intertextual-Elements-Highlighting-the-Postmodernist-Features-of-Tangled-(2010) https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2019(IV-II).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 4, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Exploring Intertextuality as Adaptation in Pakistani TV Advertisements Amina Khalid Arshad Ali Khan Faiza Abid Advertisement Intertextuality Adaptation Consumer Persuasion Citation Reference Allusion Translation The aim of the present study is to investigate the different aspects of intertextuality as adaptation in Pakistani TV advertisements. The target of advertising companies is to persuade their consumers, so they use different approaches for this purpose and intertextuality is one of them. To investigate the problem the following research question has been designed: Which aspects of intertextuality do the Pakistani TV commercials adapt in order to achieve their intended effects? The research design of the study is qualitative and descriptive. The study consists of eight Pakistani TV advertisements that have been collected from Pakistani TV channels through purposive sampling. The theoretical framework of the study is based on the approach of Intertextuality proposed by Kristeva (1966). The findings showed that the advertisers have created their advertisements by adapting the intertextuality elements of citation, reference, allusion and translation to make them attractive and enticing to get their economic purpose. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Linguistics and Communications, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Linguistics and Communications, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Linguistics and Communications, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2019-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Exploring-Intertextuality-as-Adaptation-in-Pakistani-TV-Advertisements https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2019(IV-II).09 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 4, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Politics of Identity: The Face of Islam in the International E-Media Sarwet Rasul Azka Khan Shumaila Mazhar Discourse Historical Approach (DHA) Discriminating Discourse Socio Semiotic Analysis Polarizing Discourse. The portrayal of Islam in a hostile relationship with rationality, liberty, and tolerance, leads to a politics of identity were a marginalized community embattles to re-affirm and resist the tarnished face. The bigoted perception of Islam as a political, economic, and social threat reinforces the unfounded Islamophobia and needs production of counter-narrative by scholars and researchers believing in humanity and equality. This paper aims to explore the discursive construction of Islam through the use of E-media caricatures. Discourse historical approach (DHA) is used to analyze the discourse of 16 Emedia caricatures disseminated on the World Wide Web in the years 2017 and 2018. The analysis demonstrates the discursive strategies namely referential strategy, predication, argumentation and intensification used in the (mis)representation and (de)legitimization of the face of Islam in the E-Media. This study gives a deeper insight into the issue of the negative identity construction of Islam using caricatures Humanity Publications Associate Professor, Department of English, Fatima Jinnah University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Post Graguate College PAF, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of English, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women University, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. 2019-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Politics-of-Identity:-The-Face-of-Islam-in-the-International-E-Media https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2019(IV-II).10 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 4, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Incredulity Towards Metanarratives: A GenderBased Study of Sultanas Dream by Roqeyya Begum Mehwish Malghani Mehwish Ali Khan Hina Naz Incredulity Metanarratives Gender Stereotyping Patriarchy has always been a dominant metanarrative among different societies, hence controlling all other power centered notions too. The ones affected, for instance, women started retaliating against dominance but postmodernism gave them a platform. Roqqeya Sakahwat Hussein in 1905 wrote a short story Sultanas Dream A qualitative based study, utilizing textual analysis has been done to look at Sultanas dream through the lens of Postmodernism based on Lyotards theory of Incredulity towards grand and metanarratives. The analysis shows Husseins (1905) rejection of grand narrative, i.e gender here, in her short story Sultas Dream. She presented a land where women are assigned roles based on power, logic and reasoning. They are rulers, scientists and educationists and males were not even visible in the story. They were barbarious, and bound to stay in boundaries. It is thus highlighted that Hussein (1905) has shown incredulity towards the power center and metanarrative, which is gender here. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, SBK Womens University Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, SBK Womens University Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, SBK Womens University Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. 2019-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Incredulity-Towards-Metanarratives:-A-GenderBased-Study-of-Sultanas-Dream-by-Roqeyya-Begum https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2019(IV-II).11 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 4, Issue 2 Pakistan

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The Portrayal of Pakistani Diaspora Students in Shamsies Fiction Rubina Kamran Asma Zahoor Diaspora International Students Assimilation and Belonging Going to the advanced countries for higher education has been in vogue for long. There is a considerable rise in the number of international students in USA universities. This paper explores how Shamsie portrays interaction among international students. It is delimited to the analysis of Shamsies two novels: Salt and Saffron, and Kartoghraphy applying textual analysis as a research method. The insight gained through this research about friendship among international students is in keeping with the findings of the psychological research about three predictable patterns of friendship: friendship with the students of ones own country, friendship with other foreign students and friendship with students of the host country. In Kartoghraphy all three patterns of friendship are found while in Salt and Saffron only a strong bond of friendship between a Pakistani international student and her American counterpart is portrayed. Shamsie presents easy assimilation of Pakistani diaspora students. Humanity Publications Professor, Department of English, Foundation University Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Head, Department of Mass Communication, Women University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2019-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/The-Portrayal-of-Pakistani-Diaspora-Students-in-Shamsies-Fiction https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2019(IV-II).12 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 4, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Revisiting Paul Kanes Wanderings of an Artist Among the Indians of North America Shaheena Ayub Bhatti Ghulam Murtaza Aamir Shehzad Theory of Propaganda Conventionalized Significance Critical Inquiry Skepticism Distortion of Facts Paul Kanes paintings and sketches which form the basis of Wanderings of an Artist, were made with the aim of presenting an "extensive series of illustrations of the characteristics, habits and scenery of the country and its inhabitants." However, a careful and detailed reading of his paintings and writings show that he actually violated the trust that the American Indians placed in him by depicting false images. Working in the background of Lasswells theory of propaganda this study seeks to demonstrate how the images and writings that he created, fulfilled no purpose, other than that of propaganda. The essay takes as its base the short fiction of Sherman Alexies Scalp Dance by Spokane Indians and attempts to show through the text how Kane, in reality, violated the trust that the American Indian tribes placed in him, by allowing him to photograph them in various poses and at various times of the day and year. Humanity Publications Professor, Department of English, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of English, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan Associate Professor, Department of English, Government College of Commerce & Management Sciences, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. 2019-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Revisiting-Paul-Kanes-Wanderings-of-an-Artist-Among-the-Indians-of-North-America https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2019(IV-II).13 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 4, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Linguistics and Classical Theories of Rhetoric: Connections and Continuity Mark Perkins Rhetoric Genre Persuasion Ethics Sentiment Plato Aristotle. The Connections between ancient approaches to rhetoric, as found in Plato and Aristotle, the prime ancient theorists of rhetoric, and modern linguistic approaches to register and genre theory, as in Hallidayan linguistics, show continuity of thought across the centuries. They also suggest that there may be such things as universal rhetorical principles as evidenced in various schemata. However, ethical considerations comprised an essential part of the ancient view of rhetoric. A major feature of the modern age is the opportunity to employ techniques of persuasion by means of new technological channels such as social media and blogs. As the use of these techniques have ethical consequences, so ethical considerations are becoming more prominent and perhaps should be incorporated into linguistic models of register. Humanity Publications CEO, Repindex Ltd., Cambridge, UK. 2020-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Linguistics-and-Classical-Theories-of-Rhetoric:-Connections-and-Continuity https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-I).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

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The Portrayal of Traumatic Impacts of 9/11 in Fiction: A Counter Discourse of Third Worlds Female Trauma in Waldmans The Submission Abdul Rashid Sarwat Jabeen Samia Naz Female Trauma Third World Woman Post 9/11 fiction and Fourth Wave of Feminism The incident of 9/11 opened up new challenges for the Americans and people of the world. As the terrorists were men, the incident of 9/11 was generally seen as a masculine event thus erasing the traumatic sufferings of women. The present paper is aimed to trace the impact of Western culturally constructed trauma against the third world women. The major theoretical insights have been taken from Kaplan (2003)s Feminist Futures: Trauma, the Post-9/11 World and a Fourth Feminism. The analyzed data reveals that the identity of Asma Anwar as representative of third world women remains unstable. She has been represented as an object of no significance in the American society. We see that Asma Anwar as a woman of the third world had to bear the burden of history as well as her body Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Bahadur Sub Campus Layyah, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Course Coordinator, Quaid-e-Azam Academy for educational Development, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/The-Portrayal-of-Traumatic-Impacts-of-9-11-in-Fiction-A-Counter-Discourse-of-Third-Worlds-Female-Trauma-in-Waldmans-The-Submission https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-I).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Syllabification of English Words by Pashto Speakers Shahabullah Ghani Rahman Arshad Ali Khan English Words Syllabification Pashto Speakers Syllabification of words plays a vital role in learning native like pronunciation. The present study tried to explore the syllabification of English words by Pashto speakers. The study aimed to put light on the problematic areas for Pashto speakers in terms of syllabification of English words. The data was collected from twenty undergraduate students and analyzed with reliable scientific tools. The analyzed data proved that English words having triphthongs were problematic for Pashto speakers. In addition to it, words having syllabic consonants were also problematic for Pashto speakers. Furthermore, words containing x in spelling also proved to be problematic for Pashto speakers. English words having the syllable structure CVC.VC were incorrectly syllabified CV.CVC. Pashto speakers faced problems in the identification of syllable boundaries in words where consonant clusters are used. The study recommends that Pashto speakers need proper training for learning correct syllabification of English words. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Kohat University of Science and Technology, KP, Paksitan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Hazara University Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Linguistics and Communications, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Syllabification-of-English-Words-by-Pashto-Speakers https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-I).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Spiritual Abuse: A Critical Analysis of Ali and Brentons Iranian Nights Abdul Waheed Qureshi Ubaid Ullah Shazia Ayyaz Abuse; Extremism; Fanatic; Intolerance; Manipulation The current research is a critical study of the play Iranian Nights (1989) and it has been tried to explain how certain religious fanatics use religion as their weapon to safeguard their interests. Perspectives of different prominent thinkers like Hughes (2015), Shulman (2016), Schultz (2016), and Black (2015), regarding spiritual abuse, religious intolerance, extremism, and sectarianism, etc. provided the necessary conceptual framework for the research in hand. The data was analyzed keeping in view the parameters of narrative analysis which enabled the researchers to interpret meanings beyond the textual fabrication of narration. It was concluded that spiritual abuse was the result of the narrowmindedness and intolerant behavior of the religious fanatics in the shape of Caliphs, Mullahs, and Kazis. These characters manipulated religious ideals and defamed the religion of Islam in the name of reformation. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. M.Phil. Scholar, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, University of Okara, Okara, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/Spiritual-Abuse-A-Critical-Analysis-of-Ali-and-Brentons-Iranian-Nights https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-I).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Western Memoir of Marginality: A Feminist Analysis of Educated (2018) by Tara Westover Aisha Jadoon Umaima Kamran Mehwish Sarfraz Feminism Critical Discourse Analysis Patriarchy. Rethinking the gendered experiences of a Western female narrated in the memoir Educated (2018), this paper points out the contradictions between the theory and practice of gender equality in the West. De Beauvoir’s (1949) idea of female passivity and Butler’s (1999) challenge to the stability of the category ‘women’ are utilized together with the discursive strategies proposed by Van Dijk (2007) to conclude. through the use of actor description, situation description, hyperbole and distancing, for the feminist analysis of patriarchal influence on the female under the cover of paternity, whereby the female subject is conditioned to consider herself impure due to her gendered identity, sartorial practices and desire to be educated. On the contrary, the memoirist by employing the strategies of polarization and situation description shows that the female subject can only challenge the patriarchal dominance because of the changed consciousness that came out of the personal resistance to patriarchy Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Humanities, COMSATS,University Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Quaid-I-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan. Scholar, Department of Humanities, COMSATS,University Islamabad, Pakistan. 2020-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/western-memoir-of-marginality-a-feminist-analysis-of-educated-2018-by-tara-westover https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-I).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Hedging as an Indicator of Disciplinary Variation in Pakistani Academic Discourse: A Corpus Based Study Musarrat Azher Riffat un Nisa Awan Sana Nawaz Hedging Epistemic and deontic modality Disciplinary variation Pakistani Academic Writing Hedging is a pragmatic phenomenon which is practiced to signal interpersonal communication. In academic discourse, hedges are used to signal writers’ presence in a text. This article explores the use of hedges particularly with reference to epistemic and deontic modality markers—important and frequently used types of hedges-- in Pakistani research dissertations belonging to three major disciplines: Sciences, Social Sciences and Humanities. The material is based on a special purpose corpus of Pakistani academic writing developed with 235 M.phil and PhD research theses. To find out the frequencies of modal verbs AntConc 3.5.6 was used. All the frequencies were listed and every 50th example was analysed using the theoretical distinction between epistemic and deontic modality outlined by Biber et al. (1999). Statistical analysis of the data reveals, that disciplinary affiliation has a considerable influence on the proportion of epistemic and deontic modality Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of Education, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, University of Mianwali, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/hedging-as-an-indicator-of-disciplinary-variation-in-pakistani-academic-discourse-a-corpus-based-study https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-I).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

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A Comparative Analysis of Reporting Verbs in Research Papers authored by Pakistani and Native Writers Tayyabba Yasmin Intzar Hussain Butt Muhammad Naeem Sarwar Citation Reporting Verb Corpus Research Articles Decorous exploitation of reporting verbs is a fundamental component of academic writing. It facilitates in constructing authors’ assertions as well as situating those assertions with the previously published literature in the field (Bloch, 2010). This study has been carried out to examine the phenomena of reporting verbs in the research articles of Education and English written by Pakistani and native speakers of English. A corpus-based approach has been adopted in this study. The corpus of the study comprises of 152 research articles, authored by native and Pakistani researchers in the fields of Education and English. The findings of the study exhibited dissimilarities in the ways the authors accredit the other sources in their work and demonstrate the reported statements in Pakistani and native corpora. This study will assist the research scholars to enhance their awareness regarding an appropriate selection of reporting verbs in their academic writings. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of Education, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Librarian, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-comparative-analysis-of-reporting-verbs-in-research-papers-authored-by-pakistani-and-native-writers https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-I).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Tense Driven Asymmetries and Clitic Placement in Compound Verbs of Pashto Language Arshad Khan Amina Khalid Ghani Rahman Tense Driven Asymmetry Split Ergativity Compound verb Perfective and Imperfective aspects. The tense driven asymmetry of the Pashto clause is analyzed from the perspective of the minimalist framework The study proves that the split ergativity in Pashto is tense based and does not have the aspect driven features proposed by Roberts 2000 The study argues that the object is assigned a theta role by the V and the subject is assigned a theta role by the little v The accusative case is assigned by the little v but the nominative and ergative cases are assigned by T It claims that the T head assigns multiple cases as the split ergativity is tense driven It highlights the syntactic effects of the possible phonological processes in combining some of the closely adjacent words and making a single phonological word The study also discusses clitic placement and prosodic inversion to refute the assumption that perfective feature is a strong feature in Pashto Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Linguistics and Communication, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Linguistics and Communication, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Linguistics, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP Pakistan. 2020-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/tense-driven-asymmetries-and-clitic-placement-in-compound-verbs-of-pashto-language https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-I).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

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English Language Learning through Peace Curriculum at Graduate Level An Experimental study Abdul Khaliq Abdul Ghani Shehla Ilyas ESL- Peace Curriculum Traditional Lecture Proficiency Skills There is a dire need to develop English language proficiency among the students in comfortable environment especially in Pakistan Which would surely contriute in the personality development character and personality building It requires to search the role of an appropriate peace curriculum integrated with lesson plan Quantitative data collected through random sampling were analyzed via SPSS analysis tests The participants of this study were the students of graduate level and ESL Teachers Experimental and Controlled group had 20 students The controlled group was taught by the Traditional Lecture method While the participant of Experimental group were taught by the lesson plans designed with the integration of peace curriculum The proficiency skills of Writing and Speaking were enhanced due to the increase in the interest and motivation level of the student This study provides a helping hand to the parents and teacher to control the aggressive behavior of the students and teaching them peace and harmony Humanity Publications Assistant professor, Department of Social and Allied Sciences, CUVAS Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant professor, Department of Communication, Minhaj university Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Subject specialist, Department of Educational Development, Quaid-e - Azam Academy for Educational Development, D.G Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/english-language-learning-through-peace-curriculum-at-graduate-level-an-experimental-study- https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-I).09 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Reconstruction of the Text through Performance in Derek Walcotts Pantomime Amara Khan Aesthetics Creole Pantomime Performance Reconstruction Text. Performance often grows out of dependability to the dramatic text surviving in tenuous relation with the text it floats unrestricted of the tying of the written text to create other theatrical idioms and other gestures As a postlinear play text Derek Walcotts masterwork Pantomime 1978 unleashes rejoinder to Western ideological constructs its overriding conventions and aesthetics This essay attempts to deliver in what way the rehearsal fragment allows both participants to fetch their cultural opinion and mounts encounter to the predominance of the text and locus of authority In producing their particular text the concept of theatre as a specific and distinguishable cultural artefact is undermined Immersed with creole dynamism its artistic performance continually dismantles the predictable theatrical apparatus to befit above exhibition than denotation Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/reconstruction-of-the-text-through-performance-in-derek-walcotts-pantomime https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-I).10 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

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The Use of Modern Technology in Learning English as Second Language A study at undergraduate level in South Punjab Pakistan Shehla Ilyas Abdul Ghani Abdul Khaliq Computer Assisted Language learning (CALL) Educational Technology Mobile Assisted Language learning Modern Language Teaching Tools The purpose of current research is to highlight the influence of using modern technology in teaching English as a second language It explains that productivity of pedagogical process can be increased if technology is infused in it tactfully There are several ways in which modern technology can be employed in class like English language learning web sites Mobile assisted language learning computer assisted language learning programs presentation software digital dictionaries chatting and email messaging programs listening CDaudios and watching of English language learning videos and stories Questionnaire was employed to collect the data from 300 students learning English language in various undergraduate programs of two universities of Bahawalpur The findings revealed that most of the students choose the use of technology especially mobile and computers in developing their second language skills The study advises proper training to use various software related to language learning Humanity Publications Subject Specialist, Quaid- e - Azam Academy for Educational Development, D.G Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, School of communication, Minhaj University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Department of Social & Allied Sciences, CUVAS Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/the-use-of-modern-technology-in-learning-english-as-second-language-a-study-at-undergraduate-level-in-south-punjab-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-I).11 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Language Learning Beliefs of Second Language Learners at Graduate Level in Pakistan Qurratulain Ershad Maria Shiraz Shahzada Qaisar English Language Learning Stability Balli The current research aimed at examining the beliefs of Pakistani graduate students towards English language learning and assessing the stability of their beliefs after six weeks. In the process of language learning beliefs play a pivotal role. Students beliefs about second language acquisition need to be studied so that appropriate approach can be adopted. To collect data, sixty graduate students were selected by purposive sampling. BALLI (Beliefs about Language Learning Inventory, Horwitz, 1987) tool was adopted and administered twice to collect the data. The results showed that the learners are motivated and keen to acquire English language. The respondents were apprised of the significance of foreign language acquisition and highlighted the importance of pronouncing the words correctly, meanings of new words, and the benefits of drills. The results also depicted that there is stability in most of students beliefs after six weeks. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Education, Kinnaird College for women, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Kinnaird College for women, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Division of Education, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/language-learning-beliefs-of-second-language-learners-at-graduate-level-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-I).12 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Validation of Self-Regulated Motivation Scale for Measuring English Oral Communication among Medical Students M. Anees Ul Husnain Shah Iqbal Ahmad Mohammad Saeed Validation Self-Regulated Motivation Scale English Speaking Medical Students The Self-regulated Motivation Scale (SRMS) has been widely used to measure students’ motivation for learning in social sciences context. There is no evidence of its validation in the medical field. This study examined the scale's psychometric properties for measuring medical students’ motivation for English oral communication in the Pakistani context. A total of 401 students participated in the study who responded to the 20 items scale. The scale was evaluated using the Exploratory and Confirmatory factor analysis approach. The hypothetical model was assessed based on Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to determine the adequacy of the goodness of fit to the sampled data. The analysis confirmed that the hypothesized four-factor model of the SRMS had an excellent fit to the data. The findings of the study fully supported the multi-dimensionality of the scale. We conclude that SRMS is a valid and reliable scale for measuring medical students’ motivation towards improved English oral communication. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Education, DG Khan Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Education, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (L), KP, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, Senior Head Master, Government High School 264-GB, Toba Tek Singh, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/validation-of-selfregulated-motivation-scale-for-measuring-english-oral-communication-among-medical-students https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-I).13 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

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English and Khowar: The study of Social Media Linguistic Practices of Khowar Speakers Shagufta Anbreen Fakhira Riaz Yasmin Akhtar Khowar Language; Social Media; Linguistic Practices. Khowar is a language that belongs to Dardic group. It is spoken in different parts of Pakistan predominantly in Chitral where it is considered as lingua franca of the area. In the recent era, technology has become advanced and people have started to use different social mediums like Facebook to get in contact with their counterparts. As the social media networks are linguistically diverse so speakers choose a specific language for interaction. Among these languages, English is considered as the dominant language which has influenced the linguistic practices of the speakers. This study explores the linguistic practices of Khowar speakers on Facebook. To explore the linguistic practices of the speakers twenty participants are selected among which ten are males and ten are females. The posts and comments on the Facebook of the speakers have been analyzed to explore the similarities and differences in the linguistic practices of the speakers. Humanity Publications Student, Department of English, Fatima Jinnah Women University, The Mall, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Fatima Jinnah Women University, The Mall, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Fatima Jinnah Women University, The Mall, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/english-and-khowar-the-study-of-social-media-linguistic-practices-of-khowar-speakers https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-I).14 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Depiction of Self & Others: A Corpus-Based Study of Personal Pronouns in Autobiographies Shazia Riaz Dar Farzana Masroor Autobiographies Corpus Linguistics Feminist Critical Discourse Analysis Personal Pronouns Self & Others Autobiographies provide useful insights from the narrator’s personal experiences, feelings, ideas, challenges and struggles. This paper explores the autobiographies of two women politicians, Benazir Ali Bhutto (BB) and Indira Gandhi (IG) from Pakistan and India, with a focus on personal pronouns from a feminist perspective. This study undertakes only three personal pronouns (I, we and they) in order to examine how the selected authors, project their self-image in their autobiographies and how they describe their relationships with others. Through corpus-based discourse analysis (CADS) this research throws new light on the narratives of the female leaders by recounting their portrayal of selves accomplishing different roles and duties in their situational dynamics and constraints. The findings of the study contribute to feminist literature by providing insights into the struggles of ‘accomplished’ women in their respective societies that transcends any geographical, religious and cultural boundaries. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Air University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Air University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2020-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/depiction-of-self-others-a-corpusbased-study-of-personal-pronouns-in-autobiographies https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-I).15 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Paranoia of Loss: An Ecocritical Study of Environmental Injustice against Native Americans in Silko's Ceremony Sardar Ahmad Farooq Sahar Javed Ghulam Murtaza World War II Nature Mental Trauma European Colonization Native American Literature The paper analyzes Leslie Marmon Silkos’ Ceremony (1977) from Buell's theoretical perspective of eco-cosmopolitanism. In Native American worldview, nature holds a special place. The Natives not only identify themselves with nature but also have a life sharing bond of interdependence with it. European colonization displaced Native Americans from their homeland. Their natural resources have been mercilessly exploited since contact resulting in fatal diseases and poverty. The colonial exploitation of nature reached its climax during the WWII. The colonial insensitivity to the environment renders them callously indifferent to non-human life. The earth as a source of life is sacred for American Indians but it was commodified by Euro-Americans who dug up uranium mines for war which destroyed human habitat. The findings of the study reveal that European colonizers wreaked havoc in the Native Americans' life by destroying their environment and mental peace. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Government Postgraduate College, Mansehra, Kp, Paksitan. Lecturer, Department of English, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of English, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/paranoia-of-loss-an-ecocritical-study-of-environmental-injustice-against-native-americans-in-silkos-ceremony https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-I).16 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Extraction of Semantic Domains Through Corpus Tools Azka Khan Sarwet Rasul CADS Digital Humanities E-Humanities KWIC Lemma Semantic Fields Stemmed The increased interest in the techniques of corpus linguistics in the first decade of 21st century was based on the most important premises, which are valid even today – investigation of larger datasets in less time. This article compares the results of different corpus techniques employed for exploring the dominant semantic domains in a corpus. These corpus techniques include use of word clouds, frequency lists and KWIC of a text. This study uses fictional discourse by Kamila Shamsie – namely Broken Verses (2005) – to illustrate the corpus methodology. In addition to different corpus techniques, this study also compares the usability of different corpus software for this purpose such as, Antconc (3.2.4), Nvivo 11, and Sketch Engine. This article will prove to be a good beginning point for the researchers exploring a text in any field of corpus linguistics and digital humanities. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of English, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of English, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/extraction-of-semantic-domains-through-corpus-tools https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-I).17 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Investigating Failure in Establishing Intimate Relationships: A Psychoanalytical Study of Ibsen's Hedda Gabler Muhammad Asif Khan Aamer Shaheen Safia Siddiqui Anxiety Displacement Fear of Intimacy Repression Unconscious Motives. Ibsen's play Hedda Gabler is full of psychological implications. It is a play in which Ibsen has dealt with the complexity of romantic relationships. The study relies on Freud's theory of the unconscious involving unconscious motives, repression, fear of intimacy, displacement, anxiety and neurosis. Many young characters in the play try to establish intimate relationships, but they fail in their effort. Most of the characters are suffering from the fear of intimacy. This leads to make an analysis of their unconscious motives and desires. The study finds that most of the characters in this play are controlled by their unconscious desire for having power over the people they want to be intimate with. This is why they fail to establish intimate relations with the important individuals in their life. The study offers an application of Freudian concepts to literature. It also helps in understanding causes for the failure of intimate relationships. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English Literature, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English Literature, GC University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English Literature, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/investigating-failure-in-establishing-intimate-relationships-a-psychoanalytical-study-of-ibsens-hedda-gabler https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-I).18 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

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An Investigation into the Effectiveness of MALL during COVID-19 at the Higher Education in Pakistani EFL Classrooms Mamona Yasmin Khan Huda Tufail Mobile Assisted Learning (MALL) Covid-19 TAM Model Pakistani EFL Classrooms Usefulness of MALL Pandemic Situation Higher Education The main aim and objective of this study is to understand the effectiveness of MALL during Covid-19 in the Pakistani context through the insights gathered from the views of EFL learners at the higher education level. The theoretical framework employed in the research is the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) proposed by Davis (1986). The framework employed in the study is of TAM; its two factors were mainly focused, which are perceived usefulness (PU) and perceived ease of use (PEOU). The purpose of this model in the paper is to understand the behavior and attitude of the learners towards mobile technology. This research is mixed in its nature as it encompasses both qualitative and quantitative research designs. The data have been gathered from fifty students of the undergraduate and postgraduate level of English Department at the Women University Multan. The results of the study have revealed that the factors of PEOU and PU have been found to be working in this study as the learners’ views about the smartphones indicate it. Humanity Publications Assistant professor, Department of English, The Women University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil Scholar, Department of English, The Women University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/an-investigation-into-the-effectiveness-of-mall-during-covid19-at-the-higher-education-in-pakistani-efl-classrooms https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-I).19 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Factor Analysis of English Language Teacher Learning Scale for Assessing Pharmacy Graduates' Language Competencies Iqbal Ahmad M. Anees Ul Husnain Shah Muhammad Arslan Raheem English Language Teaching Higher Education Exploratory Analysis Psychometric Testing The English Language Teacher Learning Scale (ELTLS) has been tested in different academic fields worldwide. However, there is no evidence about its validation in Pakistan. This study reports on validation of ELTLS in Pakistan. The 49 items scale was tested on a sample of 112 teachers from pharmacy departments. The process of validation consisted of two stages. First, the scale was piloted to check reliability Second. Exploratory factor analysis was used to identify the factor structure of the scale. The four factors are teacher cognition, teacher emotion, teacher motivation, and contextual variables. The Principal Component Analysis was applied with orthogonal Varimox rotation method to test the four-factor scale. The results provided evidence for the reliability and validity of the scale. Hence, the scale may be used for assessing language teaching and learning among teachers and students in the field of pharmacy. It is recommended that ELTLS may be tested in other contexts. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Malakand Chakdara, Dir (Lower), KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Education, DG Khan Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Education, DG Khan Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/factor-analysis-of-english-language-teacher-learning-scale-for-assessing-pharmacy-graduates-language-competencies https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-I).20 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Exploring the Role of Arts & Crafts Projected in Local and Foreign English Textbooks in Pakistani Context at Primary Level Muhammad Ahsan Zahoor Hussain Noshaba Younus Ideology Socio-Cultural Practices Foreign Language Education Inter-Cultural Speaker. The purpose of the current study is exploring and comparing the representation style of arts & crafts which is projected in the local and foreign textbooks in Pakistani context at primary level. The content analysis was employed to find out percentages of categories and sub categories of reading passages and exercises of the prescribed English textbooks in this research. For relevant data collection an eclectic model was devised as some of the major categories with slight modification were taken from Stern, H.H. (1983) model. The analysis of the two selected textbooks revealed that the Oxford textbook tends to promote activities based on arts and crafts as they help the child to unfold his/her creativity, intelligence and sense of beauty and aesthetics. They help to enjoy the pleasure creativity and beauty through the study of music, pictures/paintings and sculptures. On the contrary the PTB textbook plays an inactive role as it offers insufficient instructional material to its learners in this indispensable area of learning. and activate their artistic talent. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Ghazi University Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Bahaudin Zakariya Uinversity,Layya Campus, Layya, Punjab, Pakistan. Instructor, Department of English, Riphah International University Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/exploring-the-role-of-arts-crafts-projected-in-local-and-foreign-english-textbooks-in-pakistani-context-at-primary-level https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-I).21 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Searching Identity Beyond Generic Boundaries in V.S. Naipaul's The Enigma of Arrival and A Way in the World Ahmad Naeem Muhammad Ayub Jajja Autobiographical Fiction History Identity Postcolonial Writing This paper aims to explore that the purpose of V.S. Naipaul in synthesizing different features of autobiography, fiction, history, journalism, essay and memoir in The Enigma of Arrival and A Way in the World is the quest for his socio-cultural and aesthetic identities as a man and a writer. Naipaul acts as a historian, explorer, author, character, narrator and traveler, and changes the novel form in both these books to create a discourse which is placed in the uncertain spaces between fiction and non-fiction. Both the novels are hybrid creations in which Naipaul goes beyond generic boundaries to demonstrate the difficulties in identifying himself within a political, literary, and cultural tradition. This paper also analyzes that the fusion of multiple literary genres in both the novels is meant to describe Naipaul's persistent struggle to make his own world, to become a writer and to convert his personal experience into literary works. Humanity Publications Ph.D. Scholar, Department of English, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of English, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/searching-identity-beyond-generic-boundaries-in-vs-naipauls-the-enigma-of-arrival-and-a-way-in-the-world https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-I).23 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Adaptation of Loanwords by Saraiki Speakers Firdos Atta Syed Nasir Abbas Munir Khan Loanwords Native Grammar Restricted UG Saraiki The study presents a basic analysis of loanwords adaptation process by Saraiki speakers. Loanwords from three languages are analyzed and results reveal that native grammar used different strategies for different languages. In one language the onset/initial CC is adapted while in the other the final CC is modified by Saraiki speakers. It is observed that if the loanwords structure is absent in native grammar, it is not adapted though it follows universal principles. Native grammar allows clusters on both initial and final positions but loanwords do not. The study also discloses the strange behaviour for different languages, Saraiki speakers used fix vowel to break the cluster of English loanwords but vowel harmony and gemination in Arabic loanwords. It is noted that loanwords grammar preferred to have CV and CVC syllables rather than clusters at margins. Apart from grammatical adaptation, prosodic structure of receiver is also maintained. In many examples Saraiki follows universal principles but sometimes presents its own way to adapt loanwords Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Faculty of Languages and Literature, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water, and Marine Sciences, Uthal, Balochistan, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Faculty of Languages and Literature, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water, and Marine Sciences, Uthal, Balochistan, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Faculty of Languages and Literature, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water, and Marine Sciences, Uthal, Balochistan, Pakistan. 2020-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/adaptation-of-loanwords-by-saraiki-speakers https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-I).24 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Impact of Distance Learning on the Professional Development of English Language Prospective Teachers Aroona Hashmi Fasiha Altaf Mubashara Akhar AEIOU Prospective Teachers Distance Learning Professional Development The present study was conducted to explore the impact of distance learning on the professional development of prospective English teachers who applied for the TEFL programme designed and organized by Allama Iqbal Open University. The objective of the study was to investigate the impact of distance learning on the professional development of English teachers. Through stratified random sampling technique (30 males and 45 females) were selected as a sample. The questionnaire was developed to assess the impact of distance learning. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis techniques were applied to analyze the data. The independent sample t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to analyze the demographic variables. The findings revealed that the majority of the participants were satisfied with the TEFL programme as it is catering to all the required learning needs of the teachers, and they were of the view that this programme has profound effects in terms of their professional development. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Institute of Education and Research, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Ph.D. Scholar, Institute of Education and Research, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Ph.D. Scholar, Institute of Education and Research, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/impact-of-distance-learning-on-the-professional-development-of-english-language-prospective-teachers https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-I).25 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Critical Pedagogy and Challenges of Interpellation used Through Discourse Strategies in Academic Discourse Nazakat Muhammad Imran Adil Khan Critical Pedagogy Academic Discourse Critical Discourse Analysis Education Interpellation is an assumption about taken for granted roles assumed by culture or any dominant strain of society, and it serves as flagship to status quo activities. In a pedagogical sense, its presence is also one of the manifestations of certain social and historical choices. If interpellation consolidates and perpetuates certain assumptions, the Critical Pedagogy does otherwise. As described by Friere (1970), Critical Pedagogy empowers marginalized educational practices. Learner autonomy and successful pedagogy are guaranteed by a neutral educational method. This approach is used in this paper to critically examine academic discourse. Power dynamics and cultural underpinnings of academic discourse are thought to have distorted the concept of critical pedagogy. Research is restricted to written scholarly texts from a number of different universities. Textual analysis aided in the investigation of power structures created indirectly by a nexus of powers. These results were revealed in a variety of shapes using CDA. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Government College Havelian, Abbottabad, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Pakistan Studies, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. 2020-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/critical-pedagogy-and-challenges-of-interpellation-used-through-discourse-strategies-in-academic-discourse https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-I).26 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Effect of Decision Making Styles of Academic Managers on Faculty Commitment in Public Sector Universities of Punjab Hafiza Sadiya Iqbal Muhammad Saleem Mahr Muhammad Saeed Akhtar Decision-Making Styles Academic Managers Faculty Commitment The study was aimed to find out the effect of decision-making styles of academic managers on faculty commitment in public sector universities of the Punjab province of Pakistan. The sample of the present study was comprised of 186 academic managers and 940 teachers teaching at the university level. Two instruments were used for data collection named as Decision Making Styles Questionnaire (DMSQ) and Faculty Commitment Questionnaire (FCQ). The decision-Making Styles Questionnaire (DMSQ) was developed by the researcher, and the Faculty Commitment Questionnaire (FCQ) was adapted for the study. The data were analyzed by applying the regression analysis technique. The results of the study showed that the decision-making styles of academic managers on the whole, and its all components significantly and positively predicted the outcome variables (faculty commitment). The major implication of the study is to develop a balanced rapport between academic managers and faculty because committed faculty has a high level of enthusiasm to lead the university towards success. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Education, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Government Islamia College Civil Lines, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Professor, Institute of Education and Research, University of Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/effect-of-decision-making-styles-of-academic-managers-on-faculty-commitment-in-public-sector-universities-of-punjab https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-I).28 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Representation of Pashtun Culture in Pashto Films Posters: A Semiotic Analysis Yusra Mukhtar Liaqat Iqbal Faiza Rehman Pashtun Culture Pashto Films Semiotic Analysis The purpose of the research is to investigate the representation or misrepresentation of Pashtun culture through the study of different signs and to inspect that how these signs relate to Pashtun culture by employing semiotics as a tool. To achieve the goal, twelve distinct Pashto film posters that were published during 2011-2017 were selected and categorized under poster design, dressing, props and titles, as these aspects act as signs for depicting cultural insights. The research was guided by the Pierce triadic model for analyzing the type of signs and their interpretation. Various iconic, indexical and symbolic signs were discovered representing the Pashtu cultural traits through certain signs, e.g., traditional dressing, chivalry, male dominance and women segregation, etc. On the other hand, certain extraneous signs were explored, distorting the purity of Pashtun culture by utilizing various signs that were interpreted as referring to violence and vulgarity, which are not acceptable in real Pashtun culture. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 2020-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/representation-of-pashtun-culture-in-pashto-films-posters-a-semiotic-analysis https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-I).29 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

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An Analysis of the HEC's English Language Teaching Reforms (ELTR) Project Masooma Zaidi Fareeha Javed Sana Baig English Language Teaching English Language Teachers ELTR Professional Development This study aimed to analyze the English Language Teaching Reforms (ELTR) project, which was launched by the Higher Education Commission (HEC) of Pakistan in 2004. The purpose of the ELTR project was to enhance the teaching practices of English Language (EL) teachers teaching at the tertiary level. A further aim of the ELTR project was to bridge the gap between college and university teachers. The project was divided into two phases: Phase I (2004-2010) and Phase II (2010-2013). In both phases, EL teachers were trained from various public colleges and universities across Pakistan. The teachers were offered long and short-term courses through which they could be professionally developed. This study adopted a qualitative methodology. In order to collect data, HEC's documents, reports and research did by other researchers on the ELTR project were analyzed. The findings revealed that HEC tried to accomplish its set goals, but there were certain areas in which the set goals of ELTR were not achieved. As HEC took a challenging step to train a large number of EL teachers, resultantly it had to face various challenges like scrutiny of participant's background, lack of facilities, monitoring and evaluation and implementation of the training provided through the project. Humanity Publications MS, Department of TESOL, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Head of TESOL Department,nLahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of TESOL, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/an-analysis-of-the-hecs-english-language-teaching-reforms-eltr-project https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-I).30 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Promoting Patriotism through Textbooks: A Study into Contents of Pakistani ELT Material Sajid Waqar Zarnab Ahmed Textbook Evaluation ELT Syllabus Patriotism CDA Readership Conceptions This research paper is about the deconstruction of rooted themes about patriotism in the secondary level English language teaching (Henceforth ELT) syllabus of Pakistan. For accomplishing the objectives, the research was demarcated into two distinctive parts: in part one, patriotism related textbook contents were identified and analyzed by using Faircloug's (1995) three-dimensional framework amplified by Van dijk's (2006) socio-cognitive approach. Part 2 of the study was devoted to attaining readership's conceptions related to patriotism through questionnaire-based surveys all over the country. The findings discovered significant inclusion of patriotism related themes in all four sets of ELT textbooks. The findings of part 2 revealed that patriotism related conceptions were adequately present in readership's minds. The study has suggested a patriotism-based test of all textbooks at national level prior to publication to ensure improved patriotism related contents in syllabus Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of English, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Department of English, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/promoting-patriotism-through-textbooks-a-study-into-contents-of-pakistani-elt-material https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-I).31 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Proverbial Rhetoric in Sustenance of Gender Stereotypes: An Ethnological Account of Proverbs from Pakistani Languages Shazia Akbar Ghilzai Aneela Sultana Mahwish Zeeshan Cross-Cultural Gender Linguistic Determinism Proverbs Proverbial Rhetoric Rhetoric Woman Hood Language is the most effective tool of communication across cultures. Proverbs are one such component of stylistic poetic and rhetoric devices which serves to communicate the worldview of an ethnic group. The paper is an analysis of ways in which gender differences are perceived, symbolized, portrayed, expressed and promoted rhetorically through the use of proverbs amongst various ethnic groups in Pakistan such as Pashto, Saraiki, Urdu and Sindhi consistent with the Whorfian hypothesis of linguistic determinism and relativism. The study employs qualitative data using the descriptive methodology. Discourse analysis of the secondary data and participant observations cast as primary methodological approaches has been gauged to decipher the meanings and intent of the proverbs. The study findings suggest that meanings of proverbs and messages are context-bound and reflect power dynamics rooted in conventional gender roles which serve to construct and deconstruct the notion of 'womanhood' in the ethnicities mentioned above. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Linguistics, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Anthropology, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/proverbial-rhetoric-in-sustenance-of-gender-stereotypes-an-ethnological-account-of-proverbs-from-pakistani-languages https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-II).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 2 Pakistan

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A Neo-Orientalist Critique of 'Humanitarian Interventions' in Afghanistan in Rahman's In the Light of What We Know Atta-ul- Mustafa Ghulam Murtaza Muhammad Asif Afghanistan Bangladeshi Literature Globalization 9/11 The study of Rahman's, In The Light of What We Know, explores how Neo-orientalist strategies of neocons subjugated South Asian neo-orients in the name of humanitarian help in war-afflicted Afghanistan. The global forces have reverted to the past binaric divisions of 'us' and 'them' in order to gain their economic and political interests. Using Steger (2003) and Howe's (2002) critique of the validity of Huntington's thesis of 'clash of civilizations' (1997), the study examines that in post 9/11 Afghan scenario Americans seem to be engaged in the projects of welfare and civilizing missions but are covertly securing their politico-economic motives in the region through humanitarian interventions of martial, cultural, political nature. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Humanities and Linguistics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of English, Govt. College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Govt. College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan 2020-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-neoorientalist-critique-of-humanitarian-interventions-in-afghanistan-in-rahmans-in-the-light-of-what-we-know- https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-II).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 2 Pakistan

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A Snare in the Narrative Structure: An Exploration of Hermeneutic Code in "The Kite Runner" Syed Maqsood Alam Amir Jamil Abdul Khaliq Hermeneutic Barthes Proairetic Symbolic Cultural and Semantic code. The present paper studies the novel The Kite Runner by Khalid Hosseini through the lens of Barthe's narrative code theory. The paper primarily focuses on the Hermeneutic code works underlyingly to the narrative. The researchers in the present chapter analyze the mysterious and puzzling elements in the novel, which help in the formation of the text: the current study, the novel The Kite Runner through the Hermeneutic code of Barthes. Barthes gives the five codes theory in his book S/Z. The codes are Hermeneutic code, Proairetic code, Symbolic code, Cultural code and Semantic code. The Hermeneutic code is also termed as jamming, snare and delay or enigma code. The present study is important in the field of narratology because it minutely focusses on the one thread of the narrative to understand the role played by Hermeneutic code in the formation of the narrative structure. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant professor, Department of Social & Allied Sciences, Cholistan University of Veterinary and animal Sciences (CUVAS), Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-snare-in-the-narrative-structure-an-exploration-of-hermeneutic-code-in-the-kite-runner https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-II).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 2 Pakistan

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"Negotiation of Difference": A Study of the English Translations of Ghalib's Urdu Ghazal Muhammad Asif Khan Asma Aftab Khan Aamer Shaheen Ghalib Literal Translation Poetic Form Sense-For-Sense Translation Translation Studies Urdu Ghazal. The Ghazal is a well-known genre of Urdu poetry. The translation of Ghazal into the English language poses specific challenges. Translating Ghalib, one of the greatest ghazal writers, into English, is a special case under consideration. Several translators have produced their versions of Ghalib’s Urdu ghazals. The present study is an effort to evaluate the performance of six translators who rendered a particular ghazal of Ghalib in the English language. The study utilizes the distinction between ‘literal’ and ‘sense-for-sense’ translation as perceived by Nida (2000 [1964]), and Vermeer (2000). The translations have been analyzed on the basis of three research questions which encompass the aspects of the type of translation, the form of the Ghazal, and the poetic appeal. The study offers useful insights into the translation of Ghazal into the English language. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English Literature, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English Literature, GC University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English Literature, GC University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/negotiation-of-difference-a-study-of-the-english-translations-of-ghalibs-urdu-ghazal- https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-II).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Exploring the Effect of Learners' Age Variation and Their Perceptions on the Responses about Mother Tongue Use in L2 Learning Muhammad Ahsan Noshaba Younus Muhammad Naeem Learners Teachers Mother Tongue Proficiency The purpose of the current study was to explore the effect of learners' age variation and their perceptions on the responses about mother tongue use in L2 learning at degree level. To find out an obvious understanding of this subject matter, the study focused on 577 L2 learners, for the sake of data collection questionnaire war used as a research tool. The data were analyzed through SPSS (statistical package for social sciences). Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, Analysis of variance (ANOVA), T-Test and Cronbach's alpha. The results of the study indicated that the undergraduate learners showed highly positive perceptions regarding the use of mother tongue in the L2 classroom. The majority of the undergraduate respondents preferred using mother tongue in certain situations for specific reasons such as while learning about grammar rules and its usage in the target language classroom, discussing course policies, attendance, and other administrative information, explaining some difficult concepts, to give directions about exams and in introducing the aim of the lesson, to discuss tests, quizzes, and other assignments appropriately. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Ghazi University Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Riphah International University Faisalabad Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Ghazi University Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/exploring-the-effect-of-learners-age-variation-and-their-perceptions-on-the-responses-about-mother-tongue-use-in-l2-learning https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-II).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Sketching Victorian Society: A Corpus Assisted Study of Social Class in Dickens' Great Expectations Arshad Ali Athar Rashid Ameer Sultan Social Class Corpus Linguistics Great Expectations Adjectives The present work deals with the adjectives used by Charles Dickens to portray the social class in the novel Great Expectations. The study used a corpus linguistics methodology for data preparation, corpus development, and data analysis. The text of the novel was collected from online sources and used in the compilation of the corpus. The corpus was filtered of additional information and tagged using a part-of-speech tagger (POS tagger). The tagged data was analyzed using AntConc software. The findings of the study suggest that the use of adjectives plays a substantial role in the portrayal of the social class in the novel Great Expectations. The findings also show that there was a clear divide between upper and lower classes. The members of the lower class were humiliated and looked down upon by the members of the upper class. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Governance & Public Policy, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2020-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/sketching-victorian-society-a-corpus-assisted-study-of-social-class-in-dickens-great-expectations https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-II).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 2 Pakistan

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A Comparative Study of Teachers' and Head Teachers' Perceptions about National Professional Standard for Teachers at Secondary School Level Fasiha Altaf Muhammad Saeed NPST Teachers Head-Teachers Secondary Level Pakistan is paying special attention to its educational system and training of the teachers to improve the quality of teaching as a profession. One of the most highlighted elements in this educational development is the quality teaching practices in terms of National Professional Standards for Teachers (NPST).Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis techniques were applied to analyze the comparison between teachers and head-teachers' perceptions of NPST. Through simple random sampling technique 30 head-teachers (15 males and 15 females) and 300 teachers (150 males and 150 females) were selected. Two questionnaires were developed to assess the teachers and head-teachers' perceptions about NPSTs. The results revealed that comparatively female teachers who were more qualified and experienced were recently hired teachers who knew about National Professional Standards, were more enthusiastic about how to practice these standards in comparison to the teachers who had joined this profession in the late 80's and 90's. Humanity Publications PhD. Scholar, Institute of Education and Research, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Professor, Institute of Education and Research, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-comparative-study-of-teachers-and-head-teachers-perceptions-about-national-professional-standard-for-teachers-at-secondary-school-level https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-II).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Moral and Political System as Objects of Aesthetic Beauty and the Case of Shelly Ayaz Ahmad Aryan Liaqat Iqbal Rafiq Nawab Political System Poetry Shelly Researchers and critics, most of the time, have drawn the poets of revolutionary and political ideologies and ideals to the description of aesthetics qualification. Percy Bysshe Shelley's aesthetics of Romanticism tackles a new dimension in appraising and understanding the Romantic spur of poetry. The aspect is aesthetics as a moral and political system of Romantic poetry. In this study, Shelley has been studied from the lens of moral and political dimensions as to how through moral and political engagements, he resisted the prevailed system. The method used for such investigation was textual analysis. Shelley's works hold reformist, moral, political, and radical bases, thus motivating his people from within. In a similar pattern, the poet tries to shape his work in a way that intensely substantiates his idealism for the transformation of sustained rigid structure prevailed that time throughout England, especially, and Europe in general. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 2020-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/moral-and-political-system-as-objects-of-aesthetic-beauty-and-the-case-of-shelly https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-II).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Psychological Study of Islamic Mysticism in Elif Shafak's The Forty Rules of Love Muhammad Imran Nazakat Adil Khan Mysticism Mystical Experience Primary Integration Positive Disintegration Secondary Integration Mysticism presents, amidst others, a unique worldview to unfold the cosmic mysteries through experiential ways, often rendering mystical experiences somewhat subjective and elusive. This makes it highly pertinent to delve into the human psyche, which is the fountainhead of such experiences. Psychology offers theoretical tools, thereby enabling researchers to resolve riddles at one hand and enriching their understanding on the other. It is almost in the same vein that the current research is carried out, namely analyzing mystical experience from a psychological perspective. The paper contends that the culmination of a mystic's experience of the Divine is equated with his psychological wellbeing and emotional development. Drawing on Kazimierz Dabrowski's theory of positive disintegration, the researchers study a literary text, The Forty Rules of Love, written by Elif Shafak. The findings of this research lead to a nullification of the confusion of mystical experiences with psychological disorders. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, Government College Havelian KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Hazara University Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Pakistan Studies, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. 2020-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/psychological-study-of-islamic-mysticism-in-elif-shafaks-the-forty-rules-of-love https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-II).09 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Perceptions of ESL Learners of Teaching Listening Skill at Intermediate Level in the Context of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Sadeed Ahmad Khan Shaukat Ali Saddam Hussain ESL Listening Skill Proficiency Supplementary Materials Teaching Techniques Methods The present research study investigates the problems in teaching English listening skill to the students of English as a second language at the Intermediate level in Tehsil Batkhela, District Malakand. The study was carried out in ten government degree colleges of District Malakand, Tehsil Batkhela. A quantitative approach was adopted to get reliable results for which two hundred students among the whole population of intermediate level were selected. Data was collected through an open-ended questionnaire. Findings of the study revealed that there were shortcomings in the teaching methods of the teachers for teaching English listening skill. Moreover, it was also observed that students were not satisfied with the methods used by their teachers. Furthermore, the lack of utilization of supplementary materials was also one of the problems in teaching English in the ESL context. The study recommends that ESL teachers should be properly and frequently trained in teaching listening skill Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, University of Malakand, Swat, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, University of Malakand, Swat, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, University of Malakand, Swat, KP, Pakistan. 2020-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/perceptions-of-esl-learners-of-teaching-listening-skill-at-intermediate-level-in-the-context-of-khyber-pakhtunkhwa https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-II).10 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 2 Pakistan

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The Effect of Psychological Factors on English Speaking Performance of Students Enrolled in Postgraduate English Language Teaching Programs in Pakistan Habiba Qureshi Fareeha Javed Sana Baig Psychological Factors Oral Performance Speaking Problems ELT and TESOL Pakistan This research attempted to identify the psychological factors that affect the speaking performance of students enrolled in Postgraduate English Language Teaching programs in Pakistan. A quantitative approach was used to address the main aim of this study. The participants of the research were 100 postgraduate students enrolled in English Language Teaching (ELT) and Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL) programs of public sector higher education institutions and universities in Pakistan. The findings revealed that many students in this study reported finding it difficult to speak in English in foreign language classrooms due to psychological factors like lack of selfconfidence, lack of self-esteem, fear of making mistakes, shyness, anxiety and motivation mainly. The findings also revealed that almost all the psychological factors are interlinked with each other and have a direct effect on the speaking performance of the students in this study. Humanity Publications MS Student, Department of TESOL, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Head of TESOL Department, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of TESOL, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/the-effect-of-psychological-factors-on-english-speaking-performance-of-students-enrolled-in-postgraduate-english-language-teaching-programs-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-II).11 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Tracing the Determinants of Marital Quality in Pakistani Society through the Lens of How It Happened Zainab Akram Saima Yousaf Khan Determinants Dimensions Marriages Marital Quality Gender The quality of the marriage is assessed by many determinants. Based upon a large number of subjects and determines on the marital quality evaluation, this research explores the factors which are fundamental in maintaining marital quality in the novel How It Happened by Haider (2013). The marital quality in this paper is measured through five dimensions, comprising satisfaction, communication, togetherness, problems and disagreements (Allendorf & Ghimire 2012). Gender, education, spouse choice and marital length arise as the most important determinants of these dimensions of marital quality. The data for the research comprises of the text of How It Happened. The marriage determinants are identified through exploratory factor analysis. The research shows that issues like gender, more schooling, contribution in the choice of one's spouse and being married longer do not basically donate in advanced levels of marital quality. However, while the key determinants of marital quality in this regard are analyzed, the main distinction in marital quality, whether it exists through arranged or love marriages remains inexplicable. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, Sardar Bahadur Khan Womens University, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. Lecturer, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. 2020-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/tracing-the-determinants-of-marital-quality-in-pakistani-society-through-the-lens-of-how-it-happened https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-II).12 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Deviation in Academic Speech of Pakistani English Language Learners: A Corpus-Based Study Aqsa Aslam Aniqa Rashid Amna Aziz First Language L1 and Target Language L2 English LanguageLearners Pakistani Speakers Speech Deviation Received Pronunciation Pakistani English language learners' speech in an academic context has been evaluated in the present research. A catalogue of 350 words that fluctuate in pronunciation from the Basic English pronunciation of these words has been instructed in the present study. Wordlist founded on a remark made over six months has been formulated along with the transcription of these words according to the British, American, and Pakistani phonetic variants to bring out the unique pronunciation of educated Pakistani speakers of English. The deviation may be an outcome of learning rifts or the impact of their native languages such as Urdu, Punjabi, Pashtu and Saraiki. The general contours in the Pakistani pronunciation of these English words have also been examined. The study may not only assist in acquainting the global audience with the distinctive phonetic features of Pakistani English but also make the Pakistani teachers and learners concentrate on these words while teaching or learning how to pronounce them. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, National University of Modern Languages Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, National University of Modern Languages Islamabad, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, National University of Modern Languages Islamabad, Pakistan. 2020-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/deviation-in-academic-speech-of-pakistani-english-language-learners-a-corpusbased-study https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-II).13 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Brain Based Learning and Urdu EFL Learners' Academic Achievement in English at Secondary School Level in District Vehari Muhammad Qasim Ali Najam Ul Kashif Muhammad Asif Shahzad Brain-Based Learning Academic Achievement English Current educational standards are changing dramatically to meet student's academic needs, and learners are at the heart of the educational system. The sole objective of the study is to compare the effect of brain-based learning teaching method and traditional teaching method on students' academic achievement in English at the secondary school level. For this study, the researcher has selected a convenient sample of sixty students enrolled in GBHS9-11/WB who took part in the experiment, and these were divided into two groups: one for control and another for experimental purposes through systematic random sampling. An academic achievement test was developed that served as both a pre-test and a post-test, and both were identical in content and administration. The study concluded that the BBL method is far superior to the traditional method of teaching for the subject of English. Native, foreign or second language learning is a social phenomenon, so brain-based learning teaching method provides socialization to the learner. Therefore, in contemporary forms of teaching, the BBL teaching method is far best for English as a subject. Humanity Publications PhD (Scholar), Department of Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD (Scholar), Department of Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/brain-based-learning-and-urdu-efl-learners-academic-achievement-in-english-at-secondary-school-level-in-district-vehari https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-II).14 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Crossing the Borders: Beckett in the Eastern World Muhammad Saeed Nasir Muhammad Riaz Sadia Rahim Artistic Religious Barometer Holy Belief Beckettian scholars are of the view that Beckett is an autonomous artist and has never been a religious scholar, so his works should be read as an artistic expression without using any 'religious barometer. Beckett's obsessed quest about theology and his selected plethora of references about Christianity and God almost always capture the attention of critics by encouraging them to read Beckett through a religious angle. Such a stance of Beckett leads the scholars to categorise him as a secular writer who freely deals with religious themes. It is interesting to note that most of Beckett's religious scholarship revolves around Christianity and Western critical traditions. This means that Beckett's connection with other religions or religious traditions has been overlooked. This paper examines Beckett's attachment with religions, namely Buddhism, Hinduism, and Taoism. In conclusion, the paper advocates that Beckett was aware of Eastern religious traditions. Humanity Publications Post Doctoral Fellow, The School of Language and Literature(LLMVC), University of Aberdeen, UK. Lecturer in English, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Bahadur Sub-Campus (Layyah), Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Ph.d Scholar, Department of English, The Women University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/crossing-the-borders-beckett-in-the-eastern-world https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-II).15 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Construction of Cultural Identity through Language: A Study of 'Salt and Saffron' Ubaidullah Khan Muhammad Uzair Shaista Zeb Language Culture Representation Most representations of culture are done through literature which tells the readers about the lives of the people of a given culture. This article explores how the English novel Salt and Saffron, written by Kamla Shamsie, a writer of Pakistani origin, constructs the cultural identity of Pakistani characters in the novel. As the novel revolves around a Pakistani family, the culturerelated words, as well as themes, are inevitably present, and the article, through content analysis, highlights how these cultural themes have been discussed by the writer with the effective use of codeswitching and how this discussion has led to the presentation of a unique Pakistani cultural identity. Humanity Publications Department of English, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Department of English, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. Department of English, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2020-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/construction-of-cultural-identity-through-language-a-study-of-salt-and-saffron https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-II).16 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Literary References in Obiter Dicta: A Study on Intertextuality in Legal Discourse Amjad Hussain Mohsin Mansoor Pirzada Muhammad Arif Saeed Law Obiter Dicta Literature Law and Literature; Literary References Judgments The courts around the world have been introducing reforms into judicial systems,and one of these is to improve the language of judgments in which the judges of superior courts add their comments and observations. This attached discourse resembles the obiter dicta, which often contains moral and ethical exhortations. It is to add the literary touch (i.e., from dramas,novels, poetry, etc.) to a legal decision so that the people easily understand the verdict.Obiter dicta of the higher courts is often taken as a reference by the subordinate courts. It is, therefore, very much obvious that every word articulated in a judgment would be weighed with paramount importance. This study explores how judges around the globe have utilized intertextuality in achieving these goals and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of this technique. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Law, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan Advocate, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan LLM, Department of Law, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/literary-references-in-obiter-dicta-a-study-on-intertextuality-in-legal-discourse https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-II).17 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Evaluation of English Textbook Exercises of Punjab Textbook Board for Grade 10 in the Light of Revised Bloom's Taxonomy of 2001 Talat Mariyam Saria Kazmi Rana Imran Ali English Textbook Analysis Anderson and Krathwohl Model Punjab Textbook Board Grade 10 This research study discusses and records the analysis of the exercises of English Book 10 of the Punjab Textbook Board by the application of Revised Bloom's Taxonomy by Anderson and Krathwohl for Teaching,Learning, and Assessment. The nature of the study is analytical, and it critiques the concerned textbook to evaluate the conformity of its exercises of the book given at the end of each chapter against the various sub-domains of the Cognitive domain of the revised taxonomy. This research study also sheds light on the importance of evaluation,textbooks in the Pakistani context, and an overall view of the Revised Bloom's Taxonomy (RBT) with reference to the textbook exercises. On the whole, the research has presented a variety of practicable outcomes for carrying out further study/studies. Humanity Publications Faculty of English, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Faculty of English, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan Faculty of English, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/evaluation-of-english-textbook-exercises-of-punjab-textbook-board-for-grade-10-in-the-light-of-revised-blooms-taxonomy-of-2001 https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-II).18 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Phonological Reduction in Pashto Arshad Ali Khan Ghani Rahman Syed Shujaat Ali Phonological Reduction Verbal Clitics Complex Predicate Postpositional Phrase Pashto The study is concerned with the phonological reduction in Pashto. The study particularly focuses on the reduction in the structure of complex predicates, verbal clitics and postpositional phrases in Pashto. The study finds out that the phonological reduction has syntactic/semantic or phonological factors allowing or constraining it. These more or less reduced and expanded forms are closely related to a number of linguistics abstractions. In structures with verbal clitics and postpositions, the reduction is optional, while in structure with complex predicates, the phonological reduction is obligatory if the compound verb denotes imperfective aspect. The obligatory reduction makes a single phonological unit from two syntactic units by omitting consonants or vowels in the structure of the phrase. The reduction is avoided if it creates an ambiguity of some kind or if the meaning of the lexical items is changed, and so, its allowance in one structure is constrained in another. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Linguistics and Communications, UMT, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, KP, Pakistan. 2020-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/phonological-reduction-in-pashto https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-III).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Tariq Ali's Shadows of the Pomegranate Tree: A Khaldunian Study Ahmad Saeed Iqbal Muhammad Asif Ibn Khaldun Cyclic Theory Civilizations Asabiyyah Tariq Ali's Shadows of the Pomegranate Tree is the postmodern retelling of what happened to the Muslim civilization in Spain and how the Muslims fell from their grandeur in a cyclic mode of rising and fall. Due to the lack of social solidarity (Asabiyyah) and weak civilization (Umran), the Nasrid Empire in Granada became weak and was overrun by the stronger Christian civilization. Ibn Khaldun's Cyclic Theory of the rise and fall of civilizations from his Muqaddimah is applied as a major theoretical perspective and two of his key concepts, Asabbiyah and Umran are also discussed with reference to Ali's work. Ali's metafiction combines politics as well as the poetics of the postmodern culture and shows the relevance of Khaldunian ideas to the current metamorphosis in the Muslim World. The study deconstructs the Eurocentric notions of Muslim history and finds the trajectory of cultural conflicts of Christian-Muslim civilizations. Humanity Publications Ph. D Scholar, Department of English Language and Literature, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English Language and Literature, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/tariq-alis-shadows-of-the-pomegranate-tree-a-khaldunian-study https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-III).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Digital Literacy Tools to Enhance English Reading and Writing Skills: A Detailed Literature Review Victoria Joseph Najmonnisa Khan Communication Digital Literacy Tools Effectiveness English Reading Fluency Vocabulary and Writing. This study examines, explore and analyse the factors which enhance students’ English reading and writing skills through digital literacy tools. Literature was reviewed to gather and select important research papers for this study, and the research articles reviewed were of the qualitative, quantitative and mixed-method in approach. Areas such as digital literacy tools, communication (reading & writing) skills, TPACK teaching model and socially shared cognition theory were given position. Digital literacy tools comprised of tablets, laptops, computers, digital interactive whiteboards, digital audiobooks, videos, smartphones and multimedia and so on. Vocabulary, phonic awareness, reading comprehension, reading fluency and reading with expression are of the factors of reading skills while grammar skills, spelling and vocabulary, writing simple and compound sentences, rearranging the jumbled words to correct sentences and writing paragraphs are the factors of writing skills. A conceptual framework (DLTCTC) was developed by the researcher while carefully exploring the literature. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of Education, Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan Associate Professor, Department of Education, Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science, and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan 2020-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/digital-literacy-tools-to-enhance-english-reading-and-writing-skills-a-detailed-literature-review https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-III).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Assistance of Formative Assessment in the Improvement of English Writing Skills at Intermediate Level Muhammad Nisar Ul Haq Muhammad Mahmood Khadija Awan Writing Skills English Formative Assessment Intermediate Level Descriptive Statistics The major purpose of the study was to measure the effects of the formative assessment in the improvement of English writing skills at intermediate level. This study used a quantitative research method, descriptive in nature, so the researcher used the survey method for data collection. The study was delimited to Sahiwal division of Punjab province. The population of the study comprised of all 246 male and female colleges and higher secondary schools of Sahiwal division which are affiliated with BISE Sahiwal. Sample of this study consists of intermediate part II (328) students. A 30 items questionnaire was developed, administered and managed. Data analysis was performed by using descriptive statistics. The result shows that formative assessment assists in English writing skills, and the students face difficulties in improving English writing skills. Special lectures and trainings may be managed for English writing skills and give a specific focus on writing skills during formative assessment. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Development, Karakoram International University, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Mohi-ud-Islamic University Nerian Sharif, Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Mohi-ud-Islamic University Nerian Sharif, Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan. 2020-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/assistance-of-formative-assessment-in-the-improvement-of-english-writing-skills-at-intermediate-level https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-III).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Reconnoitering the Impact of Hegemonic Practices used in 5th Grade Pakistani and Oxford English Textbooks Muhammad Ahsan Muhammad Naeem Noshaba Younus Hegemonic Practices Foreign Language Education Inter-Cultural Speaker The present study is an endeavor to reconnoiter and compare the hegemonic practices used in selected Pakistani and imported English textbooks recommended for students of Punjab (Pakistan). Throughout the research, the subject matter was examined with reference to the relevant theoretical background. The content analysis was employed to find out the percentages of categories and sub-categories of reading passages and exercises of the prescribed English textbooks. For relevant data collection, an eclectic model was devised as some of the major categories with slight modification were taken from Stern, H.H. (1983) model in which he proposed six aspects of culture teaching. While in the formation of sub-categories, the researcher has employed his own teaching experience. Similarly, to situate countries and nations that use English for different purposes Kachru’s (1997) model, which divided world nations into IC, EC and OC was employed. Statements that depicted IC, EC and OC countries and nations were analyzed in the two textbooks. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, University of Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. Department of English, University of Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. Department of English, Riphah International University Faisalabad Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/reconnoitering-the-impact-of-hegemonic-practices-used-in-5th-grade-pakistani-and-oxford-english-textbooks https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-III).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Communication Barriers in English Language Classroom: A Study of Teachers' Perceptions in Pakistan Shahida Naz Zahoor Hussain Malik Adnan Teaching English Teacher-Student Relationship Communication Barriers This study was an effort to explore the barriers of communication faced by the teachers and students in the English language classroom that cause problems in knowledge sharing. Effective communication is necessary to make teaching effective and successful as if the information is conveyed in a poor way would not result in effective teaching. Researcher through this study tried to explore what kind of communication barriers are faced by teachers and students while learning in the classroom. A questionnaire was used for data collection from teachers of English working at secondary school level in tehsil Shujabad of district Multan, Pakistan. Researcher through this study has identified various critical types of barriers of communication, including the psychological, content, semantic, physical and environmental barriers and the strategies to overcome these barriers. This research study provides relevant information on communication barriers and what procedures are needed to be followed to overcome them. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Applied Linguistics, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Media Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/communication-barriers-in-english-language-classroom-a-study-of-teachers-perceptions-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-III).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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A Review of Effective Reading Strategies to Teach Text Comprehension to Adult English Language Learners Aisha Farid Muhammad Ishtiaq Muhammad Sabboor Hussain Comprehension Learning Reading Strategies Research Teaching This paper reviews the reading strategies and their theoretical perspectives in reading comprehension inside/outside the classroom. Reading strategies aim to build vocabulary and help integrate the existing knowledge of the readers/learners with the new knowledge through analysis and critical reflection on textual form and content. The study covers four major types of strategies, namely basic differentiated strategies, metacognitive strategies, cognitive strategies, and socio-affective strategies, to highlight their pedagogical value. The study opens up the research area of how these strategies are viewed as significant, which strategies the teachers and the students neglect, and how these strategies are influenced by pedagogical instructions and assessment and shape the participatory and transformative teaching/learning. It is recommended that all these strategies should be given due attention as they collectively involve orthographic recognition and processing through cognitive patterns that engage memory and retention to integrate new knowledge with the previous for possible conceptual change. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, GC Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. Unaizah Science and Arts College, Al-Qassim University, Saudi Arabia. Assistant Professor, Department of English, GC Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-review-of-effective-reading-strategies-to-teach-text-comprehension-to-adult-english-language-learners https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-III).09 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Media, Language and Cultural Transformation in Alexies Flight: A Study of Globalization Asma Zafar Noor Ul Qamar Qasmi Mumtaz Ahmad Globalization Language Culture Transformation Native American Literature Globalization is a multidimensional phenomenon that has reshaped all the spheres of life and culture. This article explores how language and media have been treated in the cultural dimension of globalization that has had a transforming effect on the lives of the masses of a marginalized group of Native Americans in Alexie's Flight that demonstrates the cultural transformation of the Native Americans under white discursive practices. Manfred B. Steger's theorization serves as a basis for this study to find out how Native Americans are culturally transformed under the ever-increasing influence of globalization. In this process, language has lost its value at an official and cultural level. Alexie's Flight demonstrates the cultural transformation in the Native Americans. This text is about the white discursive practices affecting Native American culture. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, National University of Modern Languages, Faisalabad Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Government Guru Nanak Postgraduate College, Nankana Sahib, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/media-language-and-cultural-transformation-in-alexies-flight-a-study-of-globalization https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-III).10 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Lack of Recognition of Khattak Dialect is a Threat to Khattak Poetry Maimoona Iqbal Abdus Samad Mansoor Ali Khattak Dialect Yousafzai Danish Khattak Poetic Work Khattak dialect is one of the highlighted dialects of the Pashto language. The speakers of Khattak dialect fall between 2-3 million still this dialect is considered as a low resource language and is deprived of recognition which resultantly limits Khattak poetry only to its true natives. Yousafzai dialect has gained the status of lingua franca in documentation which has suffered the Khattak dialect on a large scale. This paper aims to highlight Danish Khattak's poetic work, which is unveiling the profound potential of Khattak's poetry and how it is alarming for the art of Khattak dialect, which is short-lived and asks for recognition. This research paper aims to explore the significance of the Khattak dialect in the poetic expression of Danish Khattak's work. Humanity Publications Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, KP, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Department of English, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, KP, Pakistan. 2020-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/lack-of-recognition-of-khattak-dialect-is-a-threat-to-khattak-poetry https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-III).11 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Language Domains: The Sociolinguistic Significance of Pashto-English Hybridization Nisar Ahmad Liaqat Iqbal Irfan Ullah language Domain Sociolinguistic Significance Pashto-English Hybridization Domains divide language according to the particular context of its use. Concerning different contexts of research, the domain varies. The purpose of the present research is to explore the sociolinguistic significance of Pashto-English hybridization in the language domains. To explore the area, TV programmes from a Pashto channel Khyber News were selected through purposive sampling. As two episodes from each programme were selected, thus a total of ten programmes were taken for analysis that makes about 10 hours of recording. For data analysis, Kachru’s (1978) framework was used. The findings show that according to different domains of language use, the frequency of hybridized words varied. In the domain of Government and Administration and School and Education, mostly words were hybridized, followed by the domain of Economy, Playground and Street, Military and Courts. The findings reveal that domains have sociolinguistic significance that determines the extent to which language is hybridized. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Government Postgraduate College, Nowshera, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 2020-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/language-domains-the-sociolinguistic-significance-of-pashtoenglish-hybridization https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-III).12 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Communication Leads to Illusion: A Conceptual Framework of Negotiators' Violation of Maxims of Conversation in the Light of Theory of Planned Behavior Hanan Afzal Hina Saleem Fareha Zafran Violate Electric Vehicle (EV) Communication Maxims of Conversation Among the most powerful practical speculations that have caught the consideration of the linguists is the Grecian maxims of Conversational Implication. Grice contributes to draw line between what is said and what is implied. An observational examination introduced to explore the utilization of this hypothesis to the conversation in between managers from different electric automobile companies. Interviewer and managers involved in conversation with each other to pass on what they need to say either verifiably or unequivocally. The great point of this examination is to explore the Grecian Hypothesis of Conversational Implication in the light of TPB. Semi-coordinated meetings with administrators from four diverse Electric Vehicle (EV) organizations specifically: Karakorum Engines, Chongqing Changan Auto Restricted, Al-Pilgrimage Car Private Restricted, and BMW were led. Conversationalists can expect that when speakers deliberately ridicule an adage. Hence, the Grecian maxims fill a need both when they are followed and when they are mocked. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, National University of Modern Languages, Multan Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, National University of Modern Languages, Multan Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, National University of Modern Languages, Multan Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/communication-leads-to-illusion-a-conceptual-framework-of-negotiators-violation-of-maxims-of-conversation-in-the-light-of-theory-of-planned-behavior https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-III).13 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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A Narrative of Confrontation and Reconciliation Through Vivid Symbolism: A Study of Mohsin Hamid's Novel the Reluctant Fundamentalist Hashim Khan Muhammad Umer Khalid Azim Khan Mohsin Hamid The Reluctant Fundamentalist Confrontation Reconciliation This study examined The Reluctant Fundamentalist by Mohsin Hamid, a response to American position on 9/11. The author's 'research back' and 'counter history' literary technique was explored to analyze it as a fiction of confrontation and reconciliation. Both the elements have been studied with reference to vivid symbolism of the characters, names, situations, texts and references. The novel is a bold encounter with American political narrative and military response. Out of a huge volume of post-9/11 fiction, The Reluctant Fundamentalist stands out as a part of counter narrative literature. This study reveals its position as a fiction which puts forth a balanced approach. The novel, despite displaying the element of confrontation, presents the gesture of reconciliation. It does not incite for war; it invites for political, cultural and socioeconomic engagement. It stipulates the need for Pakistan and the Muslim world to minimize their gulf of mistrust and misunderstanding with America. Humanity Publications Department of English & General Subjects, Saudi Japanese Automobile High Institute, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Department of English, Islamia College University Peshawar, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Deanship of University Development and Quality Assurance, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia. 2020-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-narrative-of-confrontation-and-reconciliation-through-vivid-symbolism-a-study-of-mohsin-hamids-novel-the-reluctant-fundamentalist https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-III).14 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Emerging Role of Constructivism for Developing English Speaking Skills Hafeez Ullah Muzammila Akram Qurat-ul-ain Shams Constructivism Instructional Model English Speaking Skills Constructivist Approach This research paper draws attention to the literature for developing English speaking skills through instructional approaches of constructivism. It provides guideline for the teachers of Pakistan in teaching speaking skills. This research paper first analyzes constructivists model and then validates the implementation of the creative teacher teaching model in the speaking skills. Expectantly this model can contribute meaningfully to educate students in speaking English language. The five-point rating scale was utilized as research device for data collection. The three hundred and fifty-Eight (358) second language learners of Government and Private college students of District Muzaffargarh were selected randomly. The collected data was analyzed through SPSS. It was founded that constructivism paves the way for the learners in learning English as a second Language. Therefore, this research study suggested that the teachers should use constructivist approach in classroom rather than traditional approach Humanity Publications Ph. D Scholar, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/emerging-role-of-constructivism-for-developing-english-speaking-skills https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-III).15 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Pakistani ESL Learners on the Internet: Explorations into Factors Influencing their Online Language Learning Behaviour Muhammad Amjad Riaz Hussain Sadaf Siddiq ESL Learners Internet Online Language Learning Behaviour The present research explores Pakistani ESL learners' voluntary language learning behaviour. It excludes references to ubiquitous and almost rampant online teaching-learning behaviour caused by the recent global pandemic—COVID-19. A questionnaire containing closed-ended questions was used to collect the data. Cronbach's Alpha test was used to check the reliability of the questionnaire, whereas the validity of the questionnaire was examined by using the Item-Total Correlation Test and Inter-Item Correlation Test. A regression test was conducted to test the current research work hypotheses. Regression results suggest that the following factors urge the learners to benefit from the Internet to learn English. The data analysis and results reveal important information related to learner-psychology. (a) The attitude of Pakistani learners towards Internet-based language learning is positive. (b) The Internet's perceived usefulness urges Pakistani learners to learn English. (c) Learners can afford digital gadgets and money to buy Internet data Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of English Linguistics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Head, Department of English Linguistics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Department of English Linguistics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/pakistani-esl-learners-on-the-internet-explorations-into-factors-influencing-their-online-language-learning-behaviour https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-III).16 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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English for Bankers: An Investigation into Bank Managers' English Language Needs Maria Afzal Fakhira Riaz Yasmin Akhtar English Bankers Language The study aims to explore the written English language needs and practices of bank managers of Askari Bank Limited, Pakistan. This research focuses only on the written English language needs of bank managers as they must be proficient while using English in their writings. The data are collected by means of interviews which provided in-depth views of the participants. The purposive sampling technique is used to collect data from bank managers to evaluate their current written English practices and their target the English language needs in the light of their experience. Thematic analysis is used to analyze the data. The themes were deducted from the interview guide and analysed under the objectives of the current study. The findings reveal that English is an important tool for written English communications for bank managers, and a large number of written tasks are conducted in the English language. The investigation of interviews also helped to find out the demands of bank professionals with respect to needs, lacks and wants. Humanity Publications Department of English, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/english-for-bankers-an-investigation-into-bank-managers-english-language-needs https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-III).17 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Percy Byssey Shelleyand Mir Gul Khan Naseer's Socialist Creed: A Comparative Study of the Champions of Human Liberation Saima Manzoor Zainab Akram Saima Yousaf Percy Byssey Shelley Mir Gul Khan Naseer Socialism Revolution Insurgence Human Emancipation History is the witness of the immense influence literature exercises upon the nations. Percy Byssey Shelley and Mir Gul Khan Naseer, the two great names in the history of English and Balochi literature simultaneously, played an important role in the emancipation of society. Both the poets were against the bogus system of caste, color and creed, suppressing the masses. They were highly against social stratification and feudalism and raised their voice dauntlessly against the prevalent injustice. They are termed as poets of resistance who expressed repulsion against the corrupt social, political and religious scenario. Both the poets were termed as champions of liberty and had the creed to promote social, political and religious reforms. Anon they realized the ineffectiveness of their efforts. Finally, they strove to transform the individuals through their incredible poetry where a profusion of gorgeous verse along with brilliant imagery enchants the readers. Humanity Publications Associate Professor, Department of English Literature, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Sardar Bahadur Khan Womens University, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English Literature, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. 2020-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/percy-byssey-shelleyand-mir-gul-khan-naseers-socialist-creed-a-comparative-study-of-the-champions-of-human-liberation https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-III).18 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Analysis of Classroom Questions in EFL Context of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa at Undergraduate Level Zaheer Ullah Shaukat Ali Iftikhar Ali EFL Classroom Interactions Open-ended Questions Questioning Technique Referential Questions Retrieval Questions This paper examines different kinds of questions utilized by EFL teachers in the context of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa at the undergraduate level. The study was conducted on the EFL teachers of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to determine what kinds of questions and why a particular set of questions are utilized during classroom interaction. The results showed that the majority of the EFL teachers employ Yes/No questions for confirmation or negation and short answers questions for the elicitation of information from the learners. Display questions, open-ended questions, referential questions and none retrieval questions are also utilized in their classrooms. They integrate all types of questions to stimulate the curiosity of learners, develop an active approach to learning, diagnose students' weak areas, get students' attention and involve them in actual language learning. The study recommends that these questions should be integrated into the EFL classroom for better interaction and producing a positive impact on the learners' language skills. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, University of Malakand, Chakdara, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, University of Malakand, Chakdara, KP, Pakistan. M.Phil Scholar, Qurtuba University of Science & Information Technology, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. 2020-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/analysis-of-classroom-questions-in-efl-context-of-khyber-pakhtunkhwa-at-undergraduate-level https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-III).19 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Understanding the soul of the world is the Key of Self-Realization and Enlightenment Journey: The Hermeneutic Study of the Quest Hippie Asma Mustafa Spiritual Odyssey Bildungsroman Quest Soul of the World Pantheism Hippie Heteroglossia Self-Realization Enlightenment This is a hermeneutic study of the spiritual Odyssey, Hippie, a bildungsroman novel that focuses on quest and mysteries to analyze the Truth or Reality, which leads to enlightenment. The concept of Bildungsroman is studied in the context of the Theory of Hermeneutics enunciated by Hans-Georg Gadamer and Anthony Giddens (Double Hermeneutics). This study shows how Paulo uses the essentials of romances, the Grail as a common object, Buddha's journey, long-cherished dreams, examples of epics, listening to one's heart, the signs, ventures, exploration, self-discovery to search a Hidden Treasure, and wisdom on legendary roads and places. For Gadamer, everyone has its particular viewpoint or perspective known as its horizon that helps to understand the world and the literary work. This study shows, along with the other elements, how one's journey for selfidentification always initiates with a successful new understanding of unity that everything in this world is interlinked and connected like a chain. This new realization of the unity which connects ones with The One is known as the soul of the world. Humanity Publications MPhil, Department of English Literature, Riphah International University,Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/understanding-the-soul-of-the-world-is-the-key-of-selfrealization-and-enlightenment-journey-the-hermeneutic-study-of-the-quest-hippie https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-III).20 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Graphological, Morphological, and Lexico-Syntactical Analysis of the Poem The Innocent Killings by Jasmine: A Stylistic Analysis Saddam Hussain Ibad Ullah Shaukat Ali Blast Foregrounding Graphological Level Jasmine Lexico-Syntactic Level Morpgholodical Level Parallelism and Deviation Stylistics This study stylistically analyzes a poem, "The Innocent Killings", by an anonymous poet, Jasmine. The poem has been analyzed at morphological, lexico-syntactical, and graphological levels where thematic and foregrounding elements have been used. Moreover, the unique deviation and parallelism have been taken as a suggestion to the spirit of the age. Various stylistic features in the context of brutal terrorism have been employed in the poem to convey the denser ideas and traumatic sufferings of the nation. The researchers also explored the unique structure of the poem carrying different moods and troops with proper choice of dictions in each portion. The stylistic techniques in the poem move parallel to the tone of the mood, such as; the use of progressive verbs, abstract nouns, symbol device like "Jasmine", and lack of the main verb in the last three lines of the poem shows a failure to defend the nation from terrorist attacks Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, University of Malakand, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, NUML, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, University of Malakand, KP, Pakistan. 2020-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/graphological-morphological-and-lexicosyntactical-analysis-of-the-poem-the-innocent-killings-by-jasmine-a-stylistic-analysis https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-III).21 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Complexity of Home in the Memoir 'Threading my Prayer Rug' by Sabeeha Rehman Mohsin Zaheer Quratul Ain Home Belongingness Plurality Diaspora Unhomeliness Multi-Belongingness and Hybridity The narrative 'Threading my Prayer Rug' highlights the condition of the character named Biya in her journey to becoming an American Muslim from a Pakistani Muslim. This research has presented the complexity of home for the Pakistani diaspora by using the diasporic paradigm of the post-colonial perspective. It has aimed to identify the concept of plurality of home and the problems of unhomeliness. By utilizing Uehara (2007) model of narrative analysis, this research claims that the diaspora's attempt of making their multiple homes have shattered altogether after the incident of 9/11 and diaspora have faced the problem of unhomeliness. The narrative rejects the fixity of the concept of home as the characters in the narrative have attempted to create a blended identity by considering both Pakistan and America as their homes. This unhomeliness makes the diaspora reunite with their first home for their recognition and reconciliation; henceforth, the home of the Pakistani diaspora in Pakistan only. Humanity Publications MS Scholar, Department of Arts & Humanities, COMSATS Islamabad, Pakistan. MS Scholar, Department of Arts & Humanities, COMSATS Islamabad, Pakistan. 2020-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/complexity-of-home-in-the-memoir-threading-my-prayer-rug-by-sabeeha-rehman https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-III).22 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Gwadar Opening and its Manipulative Intertextual Portrayal in the English Newspaper Editorials of Pakistan Sadia Siddiq Muhammad Uzair Intertextuality Manipulations Newspapers Editorials Unnoticeable maneuverings via the practice of intertextual capitals do snip their existence in the editorials, which ordinary readers may well discover difficult to locate. The picture turns out to be additionally complicated when associated with nationwide affairs of vast magnitude. To bound the expected manipulation of the informative plans given to the readers through the editorials, the current qualitative study mounted to scrutinize editorials of two leading Pakistani English newspapers where in the researcher situated and inspected the occurrences of tricky usage of intertextual capitals applying appraisal analysis at the core of text analysis within Fairclough's three-dimensional model. The outcomes of intertextual study reveal significant and devious use of intertextual strategies and instruments by the newspapers to support and propagate their particular ideologies and plans Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of English, National University of Modern Languages, NUML, Islamabad, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of English, NUML, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2020-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/gwadar-opening-and-its-manipulative-intertextual-portrayal-in-the-english-newspaper-editorials-of-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-III).23 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Challenging the Archetypes: Re-visitation of Fairy Tales Fahmida Manzoor Hina Naz Shamim Ara Shams Fairy Tales Deconstruction Archetypes This study aims to highlight how the revisited American fairytale movies shun the archetypal symbols, characters and situations of the previous fairy tales. The researcher analyzes the new set of norms that are proposed by the postmodernists, which are positioned to shun the metanarratives and work against totality by waging war against it (Lyotard 71-82). The perspective in doing so is to find out the changes in the original stories which have challenged the collective unconsciousness. Collective Unconscious, according to Jung, are the unconscious feelings present among human beings as species. They are universally present in every man's psyche, and the unconscious of man has some primal images, which are depicted through symbols. These symbols are not limited to any particular culture or history (Four Archetypes 4). Jung calls the contents of the collective unconscious the "archetypes" (4). Postmodernists have challenged the archetypal patterns stated by the philosophers of archetypes, and they have attempted to break these archetypal patterns, or according to the postmodernists, the "metanarratives". Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women's University, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women's University, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. Assisstant Professor, Department of Linguistics and Literature, Karakoram International University, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. 2020-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/challenging-the-archetypes-revisitation-of-fairy-tales https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-III).24 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Postmodern Deconstruction of Grand Narratives in Post-Cyberpunk Fiction through Thematic Analysis Saba Zaidi Ayesha Ashraf Asim Aqeel Identity Artificial Intelligence Globalization Posthuman Metanarratives Phonological Reduction Verbal Clitics Complex Predicate Postpositional Phrase Pashto The issue of identity and its representation is a constant phenomenon since the advent of humanity. Progressive waves of technological advancement in information technology have made the contemporary culture bombastic and dynamic, due to which identity and its representation have become complex. Identity and representation are no more inert; rather, they have become fluid and arbitrary phenomenon. Postmodernist literature does not only represent life and its related issue but also simultaneously deconstructs them to the core; hence there remain no center/margin dichotomies. This study is an analysis of different themes under the theoretical framework of Deconstruction of Metanarratives (1984) and Cybernetics (1948). The method of analysis is Deconstruction by Derrida (1967), from which the tool of intertextuality has helped the researchers to answer the research questions. Analysis of various themes such as Artificial Intelligence, Techno/Globalization, Cyborg, and Posthuman conclude that transition of identity is a repetitive facet of todays individual. Hence, there are no grand narratives of representations. Different identities such as race, gender, religion, human/machine, natural/artificial, physical/nonphysical, real/virtual, life/death have become contestable. This research proves that the deconstruction of metanarratives has given vent to the mini narratives. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, SBK Womens University Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, University of Jhang, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Humanities and Linguistics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan 2020-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/postmodern-deconstruction-of-grand-narratives-in-postcyberpunk-fiction-through-thematic-analysis https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-III).25 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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A Stylistic Analysis of The Good-Morrow by John Donne Noveen Javed Ezzah Shakil Fiza Ali Beenish Linguistic Style Hyperboles Conceits Grammar Phonology Graphology The present paper aims to analyze John Donne's poem "The Good-Morrow" stylistically. Being a branch of applied linguistics, Stylistics scrutinizes the literary and non-literary texts in terms of their tonal and linguistic style. Donne's poem, being rich in hyperboles and conceits, depicts the universal theme of undying love where Donne welcomes new dawn and is optimistic for upcoming years of adoration and is exuberant over the magical union of two soulmates. The paper in hand adopts the stylistic analysis as a research methodology to unveil the basic theme of the poem and analyses the poem on the grammatical, phonological and graphological levels. The theoretical framework incorporates the main tenets of Geoffrey N. Leech (1969) from his well-known work "A Linguistic Guide to English Poetry", and also this work focuses on the notions of Mick Short (1996). Stylistic analysis of the chosen poem portrays how the poet, via the use of striking stylistic devices, communicates the central concept of the poem and how the poet has adorned the poem with various elements of style on the levels of grammar phon and graphology. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department: English Linguistics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Visiting Faculty, Department of English, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer in English, Sadiq Public School, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-stylistic-analysis-of-the-goodmorrow-by-john-donne https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-III).26 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Deciphering the Signs in Waiting for Godot: Meaning beyond the Text Muhammad Saeed Nasir Barirah Nazir Muhammad Riaz Other Reception Islamic Perspective Literary Meaning Worldview Signs This paper examines Waiting for Godot principally from employing the concept of the 'Other', specifically an Eastern Islamic perspective. Concentration on the reception and perception of Beckett in a decolonized Muslim country, namely Pakistan, enables us to explore the ways in which the teaching and reading of challenging texts might either avoid problematic situations or find appropriate methods of teaching through cultural facilitation, religious assimilation, political experience and linguistic codification. It concludes that any production of literary meaning is inextricably connected to the reader's worldview and understanding of cultural signs that work as a tool to extend or advance existent concepts. Humanity Publications Postdoctoral Fellow, the School of Language and Literature (LLMVC), University of Aberdeen, UK. Lecturer, Department of English, University of Sargodha, Bhakkar Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Bahadur Sub Campus Layyah, BZU, Multan, Pakistan. 2020-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/deciphering-the-signs-in-waiting-for-godot-meaning-beyond-the-text https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-III).27 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Feminist Critical Discourse Analysis of The Stone Woman by Tariq Ali Muhammad Asaf Amir Sajid Ali Farheen Akhter Qadri CDA Discrimination Feminist Ideology Patriarchy Social This paper brings out the Feminist Critique of Ali's Novel The Stone Woman by applying Critical Discourse Analysis (henceforth CDA). The study employs a corpus-driven technique. Lazar's (2007) feminist CDA model has been used to study how women are kept out of the social circle, and the ideology of the superiority of men has been institutionalized and naturalized. This, in turn, gives power and hegemony to man as a social class. It has been concluded that the place and status of women in society have been gendered, and they are victims of social and economic discrimination. Men are supported by social institutions like family and marriage to make their discourse privileged, preferred and justified. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, Institute of Southern Punjab, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor in English, Department of Higher Education, Government of Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Institute of Southern Punjab, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/feminist-critical-discourse-analysis-of-the-stone-woman-by-tariq-ali https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-III).28 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Oppression of Women in Pakistani Society: A Corpus-Based Study of Patriarchy in Sidhwa's The Pakistani Bride Arshad Ali Athar Rashid Ameer Sultan Patriarchy Adjectives Gender Discrimination Corpus-Based Study Violence. This paper deals with a corpus-based analysis of patriarchy in The Pakistani Bride, a novel written by Bapsi Sidhwa. The primary concern of the study is the adjectives used for the sketching of the Pakistani patriarchal society. Computer technology is widely used these days for the corpus analysis of literary texts such as novels, plays, poetry, etc. For this study, the text of the novel was collected from the internet and used for the corpus compilation. The corpus was analyzed using a corpus tool, AntConc. All the adjectives used in the text were analyzed and explained, highlighting the theme of patriarchy in the novel. The findings of the study suggest that patriarchy is a major theme of this novel, and adjectives play a crucial role in the description of gender discrimination, social constraints, and oppression of women. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Governance & Public Policy, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2020-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/oppression-of-women-in-pakistani-society-a-corpusbased-study-of-patriarchy-in-sidhwas-the-pakistani-bride https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-III).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Tariq Ali's The Book of Saladin: A Khaldunian Study Ahmad Saeed Iqbal Muhammad Asif Ibn Khaldun Cyclic Theory Civilizations Saladin Crusades The Book of Saladin is Ali's metafictional retelling of the conquest of Jerusalem by Salah ad-Din Ayubbi and the rise of the Ayyubid Dynasty. Ali believes that by acquiring the desired social solidarity (Asabiyyah) and displaying the best elements of the Muslim civilization (Umran), Salah ad-Din raised the Ayyubid Dynasty to its grandeur. The fall of Christians and the rise of the Muslims happened in a cyclic mode; therefore, Ibn Khaldun's cyclic theory of the rise and fall of civilizations from his Muqaddimah suits to the theoretical framework of the present research. The study deconstructs the politics of Eurocentric perceptions about the history of crusades and traces the trajectory of the present socio-political conflicts in the Middle East. This paper concludes that for the sake of global peace, Christians and Muslims must liberate themselves from the roots of their bloody historical clashes especially the painful memories of the crusades. Humanity Publications Ph. D Scholar, Department of English Language and Literature, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Department of English Language and Literature, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/tariq-alis-the-book-of-saladin-a-khaldunian-study https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-IV).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 4 Pakistan

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White Women's Burden: A Postcolonial Study of Paul Scott’s Memsahib in The Tower of Silence Safia Siddiqui Muhammad Ayub Jajja Memsahib White Women Stereotype Burden Post-colonial The Raj literature is mostly dominated by male characters with few negative stereotype women characters featuring in them. The Tower of Silence (1971/2005) by Paul Scott is one such novel which breaks the rule as it is women-centric, dominated by women characters of all ages. Unlike the common notion that Scott is critical of the Raj machinery, this paper will investigate the white women's burden a special technique used by Scott to displays the irrevocable British superiority of race, culture and moral obligations. The Tower of Silence (1971/2005) has a vast array of Memsahibs, and this novel connects the story of the previous two novels of the Quartet through these female characters, and it is almost devoid of any native female characters. This paper will study the glorification of the white women's burden to display the vital role played by these Memsahib's in the propagation of the Empire. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Professor / Chairman, Department of English, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/white-womens-burden-a-postcolonial-study-of-paul-scotts-memsahib-in-the-tower-of-silence- https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-IV).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Language Travels through Time: Effect of Age and Environment on Linguistics Behavior Noor Ul Ain Syed Maqsood Alam Abdul Khaliq Linguistic Fluctuation Socio-Demographic Elements Stylistic Features Psychological Insight. Language is also a behavior that depends on age and environment. Keeping this fact in mind, the present research investigated the correlation between two socio-demographic elements ---age and environment and linguistic fluctuation. The findings uncovered a huge relationship between people's age and environment and their stylistic features. Prominent differences were spotted in the selection of words, choice of parts of speech, grammar, concepts and themes. It concludes that young people tend to use slang, acronyms, internet centred lively expressions in their language. They are inclined to write about emotions, desires and aspirations. Old aged people like to use standardized diction, grammatically correct sentences and solemn expressions. They alienate themselves from social activities and are rather nostalgic in their themes and like to talk on wisdom. The current study will also present a few suggestions regarding language change treated, particularly on the relation with English language teaching and learning. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Khawaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Social & Allied Sciences, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (CUVAS), Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/language-travels-through-time-effect-of-age-and-environment-on-linguistics-behavior https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-IV).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Media, Culture and Indigenous Languages in Pakistan: A Critical Review Irem Sultana Malik Adnan Muhammad Imran Mehsud Media Culture Indigenous Languages Pakistan This research paper inspected the role of Pakistani media to protect indigenous languages and culture in Pakistan. The study examined the situation; if Pakistani media outpours concern with the native languages or not. The article also checked the media landscape, its language-wise segregation and scenario of literacy in different areas of the country. The outcomes of the study showed that Pakistani media is neglecting the indigenous languages. The study results exhibited clearly that media houses' focus on protecting native languages, is not profound. The findings also showed that foreign ownership of Media houses plays a role in neglecting indigenous language promotions. The current study presented that Pakistani mainstream media is damaging the local and native languages. The study was the outcome of qualitative content analysis and in-depth interviews of senior communication experts. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Media Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. 2020-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/media-culture-and-indigenous-languages-in-pakistan-a-critical-review- https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-IV).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Sketching Women: A Corpus-Based Study of Female Protagonist in A Dolls House Athar Rashid Arshad Ali Shahid Abbas Norwegian Society A Dolls House Male Domination Gender Discrimination The This paper investigates the words used by Henrik Ibsen in his play, A Dolls House, to portray a female character. The use of adjectives for the female protagonist Nora is of primary concern in this research. The play A Dolls House was downloaded from the internet and used for the corpus compilation, which was analyzed using the corpus tools, AntConc 3.5.8 and TagAnt, and explained with the help of the Feministic theoretical framework. The findings of the study suggest that the female protagonist is a submissive woman of low self-esteem due to the treatment she receives from her husband. This suggests that women were not treated reasonably by men in Norwegian society and are mostly victims of gender inequality because of the patriarchal nature of society. The present study sought to explore male domination and supremacy by focusing on the adjectives used for Nora, the female protagonist. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Governance & Public Policy, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/sketching-women-a-corpusbased-study-of-female-protagonist-in-a-dolls-house https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-IV).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Theorizing Black Power Movement in African American Literature: An Analysis of Morrison's Fiction Fayaz Ahmad Kumar Colette Morrow Trauma Fiction History Memory Community This paper analyzes the influence of the Black Power movement on the AfricanAmerican literary productions; especially in the fictional works of Toni Morrison. As an African-American author, Toni Morrison presents the idea of 'Africanness' in her novels. Morrison's fiction comments on the fluid bond amongst the African-American community, the Black Power and Black Aesthetics. The works of Morrison focus on various critical points in the history of African-Americans, her fiction recalls not only the memory of Africa but also contemplates the contemporary issues. Morrison situates the power politics within the framework of literature by presenting the history of the African-American cultures. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Perdue Northwest University, USA. 2020-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/theorizing-black-power-movement-in-african-american-literature-an-analysis-of-morrisons-fiction https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-IV).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 4 Pakistan

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L2 Motivational Self System of the Seminary Students learning English Language in Pakistan Syed Azaz Ali Shah Abdul Hamid Khan Abdus Samad L2 Motivational Self System Madrassas Ideal Self Ought-to Self and L2 Learning Experience This study tests the validity of Dörnyei (2005) L2 Motivational Self System in a new context of Madrassa. A mixed-method approach has been applied in this study. A structured questionnaire was designed and distributed among 1000 students of fifteen different Madrassas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. The current study posits that the Dörnyei model of the L2 Self System is not valid in the Madrassa context. The study examines that ideal and Ought-to L2 selves are the weakest contributors in motivating Madrassa students for second language learning. The findings reveal no significance among the three main components (ideal self, ought-to self and L2 learning experience) of the L2 Motivational Self System. Moreover, the new construct of learning English for religious purpose was found useful, and all the participants showed their interest in it. This study concluded that multiple personal and religious factors strongly affect the motivational level of Madrassa students. Humanity Publications PHD Scholar, Qurtuba University Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. Qurtuba University Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor/Chairman, Department of English, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, KP, Pakistan. 2020-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/l2-motivational-self-system-of-the-seminary-students-learning-english-language-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-IV).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Effectiveness of the Mixture (Bilingualism) of Urdu and English for Enhancing Content Knowledge Understanding at Undergrad Level Ghulam Rasool Mubashar Nadeem Muhammad Amjad Abid Pedagogical Interventions Undergrad Level Bilingualism Urdu and English Mixture The Pandemic COVID-19, though challenged systems but provided them with opportunities to address languages them. Pedagogical innovations were put forward, and traditions also paved the way for learning. This article describes the effectiveness of the mixture (bilingualism) of Urdu and English that how it helps the undergrads (major is English) to develop an understanding of the content knowledge and further various skills. The study was focused on 140 undergrads of a public sector university to get their feedback on the best possible language-speaking practices for enhancing content knowledge and skills. The study, based on the results of a shared questionnaire, concludes that for online teaching, the blend of Urdu and English languages is more helpful instead of the monolingual approach to improving literary and linguistics areas. It also recommends that this can also be practised during face to face teaching to realize the objectives of the academic programs. Humanity Publications Phd Scholar, Department of Urdu, Oriental College University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Urdu, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/effectiveness-of-the-mixture-bilingualism-of-urdu-and-english-for-enhancing-content-knowledge-understanding-at-undergrad-level https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-IV).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 4 Pakistan

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The Effectiveness of Formative Assessment of English Writing Skill at Intermediate Level Muhammad Saleem Muhammad Iqbal Naheed Akhter Formative Assessment Effectiveness Writing Skills Intermediate Level This study is intended to gauge the viability of the effectiveness of formative assessment on English writing skills at the Intermediate level and was delimited to sixty students of a public sector degree college in Wazirabad. This study was design-based in nature, and formative assessment was given to learners for four months. After the completion of the intervention, it was found out that when students are provided with formative assessment during their studies, this method of assessment improves their learning process. After the completion of the intervention, it was discovered that when students are furnished with developmental evaluation during their investigations, this technique for appraisal improves their learning cycle. The result depicts that when student remained under continuous assessment process, it improved their English writing skill. Teachers should also provide formative assessment not only to the students by themselves but also enable them for self-assessment for the improvement in their learning. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Govt. Islamiya College Civil Lines, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Division of Education, University of Education Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Education, Govt. Women Degree College, Sambrial, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/the-effectiveness-of-formative-assessment-of-english-writing-skill-at-intermediate-level https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-IV).09 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 4 Pakistan

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A Critical Analysis of Conversational Floors In Post- Corona Digital Discourse Among Pakistani Students Rabia Humayon Madiha Afzal Muhammad Sabboor Hussain Conversational Floors Digital Discourse Gender Differences Pakistani Students Post Corona Scenario This study investigates the pattern of conversational floors of digital discourse in WhatsApp groups among Pakistan's students after the outbreak of Covid-19. Gender differences were also focused while generating digital discourse in the post corona scenario. Non-probability sampling techniques are used, as our research design is qualitative. Data is taken from universities of Punjab and is in the form of interviews and screenshots of students' five days chat in Whatsapp groups. Researchers chiefly focused on conversational floors, gender roles, and post corona discourse. Results show the effects of Covid-19 as students have problems involving in more meaningful conversations, and due to conflicts among members, a breakdown in communication occurs. The connection between argumentation and floor holding gives a deep analysis of the dynamics of online discussion. From the gender perspective, males maintained the central stage in noncollaborative discourse while there are almost equal or more active females in collaborative discourse. Humanity Publications Student, Department of English, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-critical-analysis-of-conversational-floors-in-post-corona-digital-discourse-among-pakistani-students https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-IV).10 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Exploring the Metaphoric Mythical and Historical Ideologies with Nationalist Affiliations and Religious Historical Past in James Joyce's Selected Literary Fiction Hassan Bin Zubair Mamona Yasmin Khan Sidra Tariq Myths Transformation Religion Nationality Rituals Understanding This paper explores the mythical basis, nationalist affiliations and religious, historical past in James Joyce's A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man and Ulysses. These two selected novels carry different mythical narratives and sensibilities. This paper discusses a journey where time and space are transcended, which is called a “mythic journey”. Issues related to culture, religion and their association with ideological grounds are very prominent. Elements of religious past and feelings attached to these grounds are very vibrant. The author shares his keen observation and deep experience with nationalist affiliations and their impact. This research is qualitative in nature. For better conceptual understanding, documentaries and works of Joseph Campbell and theories presented by Allan Watts: especially his book Myth and Rituals in Christianity, support this research as a major theoretical framework. This research is helpful to know about the historical past and the mythical grounds of that time. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of English, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. Department of English, The Women University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Department of English, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan. 2020-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/exploring-the-metaphoric-mythical-and-historical-ideologies-with-nationalist-affiliations-and-religious-historical-past-in-james-joyces-selected-litera https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-IV).11 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Exploring Feminism and Marital Relations in "The Optimist" by Bina Shah: A Transitivity Analysis Ambreen Mahmood Masroor Sibtain Transitivity Textual Analysis Feminism Marital Relations and The Optimist The current research paper tries to explore feminism and marital relations in an English short story by Bina Shah in a Pakistani context. Halliday's Trnsitivity System (2004) as textual analysis supported to identify the feminine and feminist traits in English fiction. The high frequency of material process (66) out of 200 clauses presented Raheela as a feminist, whereas the Relational process (56) reflected her feminine traits. The participants of the processes and circumstances made the institution of marriage clear; the desire and choice for marriage, sending marriage proposal and accepting proposal were all by the groom, his parents and bride's parents, but the bride had no right to express her choice and is generally supposed to follow her parents. Marital relation was built without the compatibility of the participants of marriage. The research helped to identify the writer's reflection of feminism and unfolded Asian culture with respect to marriage. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, The Women University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Government Graduate College of Science, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/exploring-feminism-and-marital-relations-in-the-optimist-by-bina-shah-a-transitivity-analysis- https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-IV).12 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 4 Pakistan

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'Half Widows and Half Mothers': Traumatic Voices of Women From the Literary Narratives of Jammu and Kashmir Samia Hanif Munawar Iqbal Ahmed Acting Out Working Through HalfWidows Half-Mothers Kashmir Loss Trauma Women This study is an attempt to explore the traumatic voices of women as half-mothers and half widows in the selected Kashmiri Anglophone fiction. Since the partition of the Indian Sub-continent, Kashmiris have been subjugated to violence and brutality under occupation. The lives of Kashmiri women have been worse, particularly during the 1990s, when the militancy increased because of hostile policies of the Indian government, which resulted in violence and brutality. Owing to their strength and resilience, the Kashmiri women have withstood the oppressive conditions. Compared to men, they have been at a loss while losing husbands and sons in a blind war of aggression and power. Using textual analysis and qualitative research paradigm, the study is based on Bashir's The HalfMother (2014) through the lens of La Capra's Acting out versus Working through and Caruth's Theory of Double Trauma. The study reveals that women are not only victims but also fighters. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of English, Air University Islamabad, Pakistan. Chairperson, Department of English, Air University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2020-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/half-widows-and-half-mothers-traumatic-voices-of-women-from-the-literary-narratives-of-jammu-and-kashmir https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-IV).13 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Representation of Subaltern Identity: A Study of Othering in Sea of Poppies Fehmida Manzoor Mehwish Ali Khan Shumaila Mazhar Identity Construction Discourse of Power Us and Them Silenced Subalterns Binary Oppositions The present study is designed to explore the identity construction/reconstruction in Sea of Poppies. It is investigated in the backdrop of postcolonial theory. Norman Faircloughs Three-dimensional approach of critical discourse analysis is used to examine the construction and reconstruction of different types of (us/them) identities in the colonial era reflected in Sea of Poppies. The analysis deals with the descriptive dimension of Critical Discourse Analysis and discusses discourse as a text that investigates the functional linguistic elements of the overall narrative construction (identity construction/reconstruction) as a counter-discourse to power. It analyzes the identity construction on two levels of representation that is the relation between conversational participant/reader and text/discourse and the expressive which unveils attitudes and ideologies the study sheds light on the way the colonizers defined the other subjects just to define themselves as superior by associating the positive attributes to "us" and negative attributes to "them" thus made them peripheral other subjects. Humanity Publications Department of English, Sardar Bahadur Khan womens University Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. Department of English, Sardar Bahadur Khan womens University Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. Department of English, Sardar Bahadur Khan womens University Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. 2020-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/representation-of-subaltern-identity-a-study-of-othering-in-sea-of-poppies https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-IV).14 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 5, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Challenges of English Curriculum Implementation at Higher Secondary Level in Pakistan Muhammad Saleem Hafiza Sadiya Iqbal Rafaqat Ali Akbar Curriculum Implementation Challenges The study was aimed to examine the challenges of English curriculum implementation at higher secondary level in Punjab. The study is quantitative in nature. The sample of the study was comprised of 429 English teachers teaching at the higher secondary level. A stratified sampling technique was used to select the sample. The data were collected through the survey research method and were analyzed by applying descriptive analysis techniques. The results of the study showed that English teachers face challenges in English curriculum implementation, such as lack of communication skill, inappropriate teacher trainings, teaching method and methodology, lack of teaching resources and aids, inappropriate assessment procedures, misalignment of the content of English textbook, insufficient institutional resources and inappropriate government policies regarding English curriculum implementation. The results of the study suggested giving motivation to English teachers by providing attractive incentives, appropriate training programs and proper supervision of curriculum implementation of English subject. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Govt. Islamia College Civil Lines, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Education, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Director, Institute of Education and Research, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/challenges-of-english-curriculum-implementation-at-higher-secondary-level-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-I).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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A Daughter's Memoir: Fatima Bhutto's Apology for the Misrepresentation of Her Father Asma Kashif Shahzad Mujahid Abbas Samia Mudasser Autobiogra The present research explores how Fatima Bhutto has glorified her father's political image while defending his political actions and challenging his misrepresentation. In her autobiography Songs of blood and sword: A daughter's memoir (2011), Fatima discusses his father's assassination and tries to eliminate the misconceptions connected with his actions. She narrates the heroic actions of her father that he undertook to rescue his father, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, from the military regime of Zia. The textual analysis has been applied as a research method. Some extra-textual knowledge such as graphic representation, cross and historical references, and narrative strategies of the narrator has also been employed to analyse how a daughter has defended her father's political vulnerable image. Smith and Watson's Autobiographical theories are applied to analyse the auto/biographical features of the narrative. The research explored that Fatima's self-narrative is father centred, and research findings guide that it is an amalgamation of praise and blame. The study concludes that Fatima's narrative is defensive for his father's political portfolio. She resolves whatever reality of her father she comes up with within her investigative self-narrative, her reverence and love for her father will remain unconditional. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Humanities, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Humanities, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi. Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-daughters-memoir-fatima-bhuttos-apology-for-the-misrepresentation-of-her-father https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-I).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Religious Chauvinism: An Emerging Counterproductive Dilemma of Post 9/11 Pakistani Nationalism in Aslam's The Blind Man's Garden Atta-ul-Mustafa Muhammad Asif Ali Usman Saleem Nation Nationalism Chauvinism Jingoism Identity Institutional Radicalization This study explores the emergence of religious chauvinism in post 9/11 Pakistan in Aslam's 'The Blind Man's Garden'. The rise of chauvinism and militant connotations is not only provenance of great disintegration but also a menace to a prestigious survival of the state, a setback to the moderate majority of Pakistanis that takes pride in their nationality. Some extremist voices, which, no doubt nationalist though they are, yet stigmatize the soft image of Pakistan and Islam due to a harsher stand and their infatuation with blind religiosity. Focusing on Aslam's 'The Blind Man's Garden' (2013), this article argues about how religious seminaries in Pakistan misinterpret religious scripts to distribute hate among the masses to create an 'other' that suits their ideology and politics. The paper argues that fundamentalization in general and institutional radicalization in particular, which through state-controlled mechanisms, are let loose to the extent that they not only control society but also challenge the writ of the state. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Humanities & Linguistics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/religious-chauvinism-an-emerging-counterproductive-dilemma-of-post-911-pakistani-nationalism-in-aslams-the-blind-mans-garden https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-I).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Bicultural Subjectivity and Modern Native American Identity in Alexie's The Absolutely True Diary of a Part Time Indian Ali Usman Saleem Amara Amin Amara Javed Acculturation Bicultural Subjectivity Identity Native Americans Representation The colonial enterprise of Euro-Americans, since its first contact, flourished on the false notions of Indianness, fixating the image of Native Americans as primitive and savages without any claim to civilization or history. This fixity and lack of presence involuntarily led to an absence marked by a lack of identity and subjectivity for the Indians. The current article explores Sherman Alexie's The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian through the theoretical lens of Jana Sequoya, affirming bicultural subjectivity propagated by mixed-blood writers on the nexus of inside-outside as a suitable solution to the paradoxes that constitute Indian identity. Denying the rigid approach of the insularity of cultures, this bicultural work offers the possibility of Indianization of American forms and adaptation and acculturation of those dominant forms that are integral for the advancement of Indians in the modern world. The current research also deduces that such a presence can powerfully combat and confound the discursive dichotomy and representation of Indians as the binarized version of modern and civilized Whites. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Department of English, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/bicultural-subjectivity-and-modern-native-american-identity-in-alexies-the-absolutely-true-diary-of-a-part-time-indian https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-I).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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An Analysis of Errors of Present Tense in the Written English of BS Students Mahnoor Abdul Rahman Mubashar Nadeem Errors Present Tense Surface Structure Taxonomy Interlingua This analytical study was conducted through a mixed-method approach, and a test related to present tenses' active and passive was taken from the BS students. Through open-ended questionnaires, their experiences and problems faced in the learning of present tenses were taken. The analysis of students' errors was conducted using Corder's (1981) conceptual framework, and test results were calculated and analyzed using Dulay, Burt, and Krashen's (1982) surface structure taxonomy, which reflects that students still face issues in their writings skills and make errors related to present tenses as statistical analysis of present tenses' test manifests that students make errors of omission and misinformation related to lexical and auxiliary verbs, subjects, pronouns, subjectverb agreement etc. The percentage of errors of addition and disordering was not high as compared to other errors (omission and misinformation), and the causes of such intralingual errors were ignorance of rules restriction and false concept hypothesis. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, University of Education, Township, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, University of Education, Township, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/an-analysis-of-errors-of-present-tense-in-the-written-english-of-bs-students https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-I).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Connoting 'Reconciliation' in History: A Multimodal Analysis of Indo-Pakistani Visual Narrative Malik Haqnawaz Danish Multimodal Narrative Signs Systemic Functional Grammar Entangled in history awash with events of war and conflict, both India and Pakistan have ensured the representation of national narratives in their respective media. Being apprehensive neighbours since the day of partition, the sensation of patriotism has led these nations towards three major wars and numerous skirmishes on the borders, claiming lives of the peoples on both sides of the border. The mutual derision for the 'other' has secured the text, both written and visual. Besides endeavours to justify stances of conflicts, these narratives of history have also created space for standoffs. An attempt to such reconciliation and shatter the image of 'other' is investigated in Indian movies, Border and Bajrangi Bhai Jan, through grammatology of image. The signification in the image is explored by applying Multimodal introduced by Gunther Kress and Theo van Leeuwen. The multimodal by the theorists have been appropriated by utilizing Halliday's theoretical Systemic Functional Grammar. Both of the movies have been selected to compare the occasions depicted the historical backdrop of war and fear-based oppression and occasionally delineated attempts of reconciliation. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of English, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/connoting-reconciliation-in-history-a-multimodal-analysis-of-indopakistani-visual-narrative https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-I).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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A Critical Discourse Analysis of 'An American Brat' by Bapsi Sidhwa Maira Mariam Sana Baig Fareeha Javed Discourse Analysis Racism Ethnicity This paper presents a critical discourse analysis of the novel written by an eminent 21st-century female writer Bapsi Sidhwa. The text was analyzed critically in the backdrop of the checklist developed by the researcher. The findings reveal that a significantly tough language has been used for the depiction of men and women. Roles and responsibilities given to them have been found to be assigned on the basis of gender discrimination. Therefore, it is contended that colonialism still prevails in the form of social, economic and educational disparities in the third world countries as compared to the developed and privileged countries. Similarly, power structures have been found functional in every sphere of life and are decided by the institutions which hold the utmost power. Racism has also been revealed in the text. Ethnicity, race, color, culture and language have been found superiority over all the other ethnicities, cultures, races and languages. Humanity Publications MS Scholar, Department of TESOL, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of TESOL, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Head of TESOL Department, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-critical-discourse-analysis-of-an-american-brat-by-bapsi-sidhwa https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-I).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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L1 Use in English Courses 'a Facilitating Tool or a Language Barrier' in L2 Teaching/Learning at Graduation Level Muhammad Ahsan Muhammad Asif Zahoor Hussain Code-Switching First Language Motivation Multilingualism Second Language The purpose of the current study was to explore either L1 use in L2 courses teaching/learning is a facilitating tool or a language barrier. This research design was qualitative in nature. The outcomes of the present study directed that the teachers and learners of both genders disclosed exceedingly positive views and perceptions regarding the use of L1 in L2 classroom. The majority of the respondents preferred using L1 in certain situations for specific reasons such as while learning about grammar and its usage in the L2 classroom, discussing course policies, attendance, and other administrative information, explaining some difficult concepts, to give directions about exams and in introducing the aim of the lesson, to discuss tests, quizzes, and other assignments appropriately. Similarly, they were highly motivated to use L1 while teaching and comprehending summaries and short questions, letter writing and paraphrasing the text of L2 courses. However, most of the learners and their teachers revealed a lot of mutual understanding on various points and situations. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Ghazi University Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Layya Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/l1-use-in-english-courses-a-facilitating-tool-or-a-language-barrier-in-l2-teachinglearning-at-graduation-level https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-I).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Unveiling Women Marginalization in Our Lady of Alice Bhatti by Mohammed Hanif Saira Siraj Muhammad Tahir Anjum Abdus Samad Stagnant Stereotype Subaltern Marginalization Resistance The present study pursues the primaeval customs of patriarchy and its tormenting effects happening in the lives of women in Pakistan. The purpose of this research is to explore how patriarchal traditions, class differences, and their triple marginalization in the novel played chaos in the lives of females. Though the existing status of women is traditionally much better than that of women in the West but still they are not empowered and are deprived of basic rights. GC Spivak provides the theoretical foundations for this research through her theory, can the subaltern speak (1988). This research is based on qualitative textual analysis. The present study explores the status of women in Pakistan through the characterization of various female characters in the novel. This study concludes that they are portrayed as compliant and deserted beings deprived of every kind of individualism. Humanity Publications Independent Researcher Lecturer, Department of English, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor/Chairman, Department of English, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, KP, Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/unveiling-women-marginalization-in-our-lady-of-alice-bhatti-by-mohammed-hanif https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-I).09 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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An Ecolinguistic Analysis of Metafunctions of Language in Pakistani COVID-19 Advertorials Rabia Gul Saddam Hussain Shaukat Ali Advertorials Covid 19 Ecolinguistic Analysis Metafunctions SFL This study examines the language used in advertorials of Covid 19 from an ecolinguistic perspective. Through the ecolinguistic study of advertorials on Covid 19, the elements of fear and xenophobia are dredged up. Regarding Covid 19, little research has been carried out on advertorials. This study applies Halliday's (1970) metafunctions of language proposed in Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) on Covid advertorials from the perspective of ecolinguistics. Fifty Covid 19 related advertorials from ten different Pakistani websites were selected. Five advertorials from each website were chosen. Ecolinguistic analysis of Halliday's three metafunctions was adopted as the analytical framework. The findings of the study indicated that the Covid 19 advertorials are exploited to accentuate and propagate xenophobia and fear in the ecosystem through different lexical choices. The findings of this study provide a guideline of didactic inferences for future researchers in the field. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Linguistics, University of Haripur, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer Department of English, University of Malakand, Chakdara, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, University of Malakand, Chakdara, KP, Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/an-ecolinguistic-analysis-of-metafunctions-of-language-in-pakistani-covid19-advertorials https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-I).10 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Love as a Victim of Class Consciousness: A Study of Ayesha Salman's Blue Dust Ayesha Jan Conflicts Consciousness Love Problems When differences are experienced in religions, love life is disturbed. Blue Dust (2012) narrates religious differences and various conflicts that arise as to their consequence. There is a story of shattered personalities, dual ethnic backgrounds, and intensity of emotions. Such problems and conflicts make people spiritually unsatisfied and psychologically hollow. This study concluded that a man, who has no time for family and love, has become alienated, depressed, and has lost his peace of soul. It is a dilemma and a threat to humanity. It is losing its values day by day. People are fed up with conflicts and want to get rid of such things. This paper suggests that the real happiness of life lies in spreading love, ignoring negativity, having positivity, showing confidence, and believing in respect and care of humanity; this is the message of the study. Humanity Publications Student, Department of English Language and Literature, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/love-as-a-victim-of-class-consciousness-a-study-of-ayesha-salmans-blue-dust https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-I).11 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Effect of Argumentative Discourse based Intervention on Argumentation Ability: A Study of Demographic Factors Sumaira Majeed Nighat Sana Kirmani Argumentation Science Demographics Gender Achievement Argumentation can be viewed as an important activity in science education aiming at a better understanding of science topics. This article is drawn from doctoral research aiming to assess the effect of an argumentative coursebased intervention on argumentation ability in complement with other variables. This section highlights how students with demographic variations differ in their argumentation ability and how do they respond to the intervention. The population of the study comprised of school students in their transition stage of cognitive development from concrete to abstract thinking; correspondingly, Grade 5 students were selected. An argumentative discourse framework was developed for the contents of the school Science subject adapting to the Toulmin model. 18 weeks of intervention was provided, including 4 weeks introductory training phase followed by a pretest of argumentation ability. Analysis revealed that demographics like gender, age order among siblings, family type, and achievement level play their innate role in determining argumentation ability, and students respond to the intervention correspondingly. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Institute of Education and Research, University of the Punjab, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Institute of Education and Research, University of the Punjab, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/effect-of-argumentative-discourse-based-intervention-on-argumentation-ability-a-study-of-demographic-factors https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-I).13 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Achieving Pedagogical Abilities through Teaching Practice: A Smooth Track to be a Professional before Professional Maria Shiraz Mubashar Nadeem Shahzada Qaisar Teacher Education Teaching Practice Professional Teaching Approaches Teaching Abilities Saphier, Haley-Speca., & Gower (2008) stated that teaching practice is to create a dynamic schoolroom environment that fosters fantastic, powerful communication amongst school students, teachers, parents and other members of the school community. This descriptive research is focused on the significance of teaching practice for the prospective teachers and was conducted by administering a questionnaire having fifteen question items on one hundred B.Ed (Hons) students of a public sector university after their final round of practicum. The results of the study through light on the importance of teaching practice component and its modalities and further reflects that teaching practice is highly significant, fruitful, and a must for any students interested in taking up teaching as a future profession both in teacher education and other programs with the remark that the concerned universities may extend to at least four months instead of restricting it to 12-16 credits or so. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Kinnaird College for Women, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of English, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Division of Education, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/achieving-pedagogical-abilities-through-teaching-practice-a-smooth-track-to-be-a-professional-before-professional https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-I).14 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Remapping Bangladesh: A Palimpsestic Approach to Tehmima Anam's Bengal Trilogy Hafiza Habiba Ikram Amara Khan Bengal Trilogy Palimpsest Recalling Remapping Re-Inscription Tehmima Anam I here apply the Palimpsestic approach to the major events and characters in Tehmima Anam’s Bengal Trilogy, A Golden Age (2007), The Good Muslim (2011) and The Bones of Grace (2016). I have explored how Anam remaps particular places in her trilogy by adding a unique narrative in the history of Bangladesh. This research identifies the reactions of some of the major characters when they are placed in a particular time period which eventually changes their perception of the particular situation. I have analyzed three major female characters and a couple of minor male characters to find out what makes them distinctive and challenging in the light of the selected theoretical approaches. The major aspects of the Palimpsest approach such as superimposed structures, overwriting and rewriting of certain events, re-inscription of certain ideas, remapping of particular places, and the special role of memory or recalling of an event highlight the trilogy as a palimpsest text. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Government College University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Email: khanamara@gmail.com 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/remapping-bangladesh-a-palimpsestic-approach-to-tehmima-anams-bengal-trilogy- https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-I).15 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Ironic Nostalgic Pakistani Family System in Haider's How It Happened: Postmodern Analysis Khadija Majeed Aniqa Rashid Samina Ali Asghar Ironic Present Nostalgic Past Postmodern Conceived Realities Family System This article presents a close reading of the ironic present and nostalgic nature of the Pakistani family system through a postmodern lens. Haider's How it happened depict irony and nostalgia in a new and postmodern manner. This novel exposes the ironized culture of the Pakistani family system and the nostalgic nature of societal relationships. This is descriptive research, and data is analyzed theoretically. The theoretical framework of this research is based upon the theory of irony and nostalgia in term of postmodernism, by Linda Hutcheon in her dialogical article Irony, Nostalgia, and Postmodernism: A Dialogue, where two terms irony and nostalgia has been treated with a new and unique perspective. This research investigates how our concepts and views about different things in life get change with the passage of time. This research article concludes that the ostentatious rejection of the past is not possible; nostalgia can consciously be denied but deeply felt. Humanity Publications Lecturer, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant professor, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/ironic-nostalgic-pakistani-family-system-in-haiders-how-it-happened-postmodern-analysis https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-I).16 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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A Socio-Spatial Critique of Pre-Historic and Pre-Contact Spatial Marginalization of Native American Woman Fasih ur Rehman Rubab Khalid Gohar Munir Mukhi Native American Spatiality Native American Normative Geography Native American Woman Spatial Marginalization This paper offers a socio-spatial analysis of Native American normative geographies and Native American woman's spatial positionality within these normative landscapes. The discussion in this study premises on the notion that these normative geographies are ambivalent since they accord a marginalized spatial position to the Native American woman. The study argues that the nomadic tribes brought the Asiatic socio-cultural patterns that paved the way for Native Americans' compromised spatiality. The discussion offers a critique of the ambivalence of the normative geographic structures in the pre-contact era. Hence, the study maintains that by the pre-contact time, Native American nations have developed and expanded into different civilizations with established socio-cultural structures and socio-spatial boundaries. During this period, Native American woman's spatial predicament continued and her spatial suppression has become institutionalized. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Khushal Khan Khattak University Karak, Karak, KP, Pakistan. MPhil. Scholar, Department of English, Riphah International University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil. in English, Department of English, The National College of Business Administration and Economics (NCBAE), Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-sociospatial-critique-of-prehistoric-and-precontact-spatial-marginalization-of-native-american-woman https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-I).17 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Teaching the Construction of Feminist Ideology to EFL Learners: A Corpus Approach Mamona Yasmin Khan Nausheen Rasheed Shaheen Rasheed Corpus Linguistics Word list Key Words Concordance Simple Concordance Program (4.09) Corpus Linguistics has gained much importance, and it is now continually been applied in linguistics as well as in literature. This paper aims to investigate the use of corpus linguistics in teaching literature to students. This research has used a both qualitative and quantitative approach. The question it probes to find out is how literature (Feminist Theory) can be taught to students by using the Simple Concordance Program (4.09). The results are: different words, which were supporting the feminist ideology, are extracted from the word list of the sample, and then, feminist analysis is done, according to their occurrence in the phrase and sentences. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, The Women University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Scholar, Department of English, The Women University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Scholar, Department of English, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/teaching-the-construction-of-feminist-ideology-to-efl-learners-a-corpus-approach https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-I).18 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Loss of Innocence and Onset of Maturation: A Feminist Study of Alice Walker's The Flowers Noveen Javed Ezzah Shakil Sohail Ahmad Saeed Gender Roles Patriarchy Mental Growth Onset of Maturity Episteme Feminists This study plans to tour the different stages of the loss of innocence in the character of MYOP, a feeling conjured by Alice Walker in her short story "The Flowers". This paper encompasses the qualitative research approach and insights taken from the basic postulates of "traditional gender roles" situated within the theoretical framework of Feminists Criticism by Lois Tyson. Significant findings of the study are that a patriarchal society ceases the mental and emotional growth of a girl. When that girl is exposed to the outer environment, it leads to the onset of her maturity. It is hoped that my work will contribute to the expansion of episteme regarding the drastic influences of chauvinism and maximizing female society's potential. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English Linguistics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Visiting Faculty, Department of English, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/loss-of-innocence-and-onset-of-maturation-a-feminist-study-of-alice-walkers-the-flowers https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-I).19 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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The Representation of Social Reality in Saraiki Dramas Roshan Zameer and Qatil e Hamsheer Muhammad Saeed Nasir Muhammad Riaz Barirah Nazir Saraiki Drama Patriarchal System Submissiveness Indigenousness The Genre of Drama had always been reflective of social life. The history of drama is as old as of humans on earth. Saraiki drama is believed to be developed from undeveloped but organized expressions of caricatures; such kind of organized caricature is found still in the local area. It is a tradition that people of the lower caste named Bhaands. This kind of art was established by the people who were very poor, and they used to caricature the rich and gentry to amuse them and other people. The present study is aimed to trace the social realities and their representation in Saraiki Drama. Two Saraiki dramas Roshan Zameer and Qatil e Hamsheer had been analyzed in light of the Qualitative Content Analysis model proposed by Altheide (1996). It has been found that selected Saraiki dramas speak the prevailing ideological, social realities. It is suggested that more studies should be conducted to explore tradition and social realities existing in the Saraiki region so that regional social and cultural traditions may get a voice in international literary landscapes. Humanity Publications Lecturer in English, Emerson University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer in English, Bahauddin Zakriya University, Bahadur Sub Campus Layyah, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, University of Sargodha, Bhakkar Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/the-representation-of-social-reality-in-saraiki-dramas-roshan-zameer-and-qatil-e-hamsheer https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-I).20 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Covid-19 and Media Representation: A Multimodal Study of Positive Discourse in Pakistani Television Commercials Muhammad Haseeb Nasir Ejaz Mirza COVID-19 Media Discourse Multimodality Positive Discourse The present study seeks to highlight the role of mainstream media in the dissemination of positive discourse, creating awareness among the masses with regard to the outbreak of COVID-19 in Pakistan. Media discourse plays a significant role in promoting ideology at a larger scale due to its vast viewership across the country. These ideological narratives are implicitly employed by the advertisers through several multiple resource systems. Electronic media has the power to (re)frame the ideology of a larger audience via significant visual/linguistic content and paves the way for social change through viable social institutions. The study follows the theoretical stance of Multimodal Text Analysis propounded by Kress and Leeuwan (2006). The data is comprised of some popular television commercials which are broadcast on the most viewed channels during the peak time viewership in the Pakistani context. The purposive sampling technique has been employed for the data collection process, including only those commercials that largely reflect COVID-19 patterns. The study finds that the commercials present layers of meanings via several orders of signification where the representation has been aimed at creating awareness to a greater extent among the general public so that they can take essential precautions and help to fight against the pandemic. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, NUML, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor/HOD, Department of English & Social Sciences, NUML, Rawalpindi Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/covid19-and-media-representation-a-multimodal-study-of-positive-discourse-in-pakistani-television-commercials https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-I).21 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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William Wordsworth, Matthew Arnold and Walter Pater: The Romantic Notion of Education and its Relation to Culture Sajjad Ali Khan Wordsworth Culture Education Aesthetic Humanistic Vision This research paper examines the relationship between Arnold, Pater and modernism through the mediation of Wordsworth's ideas on education. Arnold's ideas on education are inspired by Wordsworth, and Arnold remains the most influential critic and theorist of education in the 'Wordsworthian tradition'. It is important to acknowledge the centrality of Arnold's ideas since Wordsworth's influence on later writers was largely mediated through Arnold's writings. Arnold echoes the best of Wordsworth in his best prose work, Culture and Anarchy. Education is a great help to culture as he says emphatically that 'education is the road to culture'. He recommends 'the right educative influences...under the banner of cultural ideals'. Arnold's influence on Pater is well-known (even if he departs from him). Wordsworth is a common source of influence on both Pater and Arnold. It is argued that Pater's aestheticism is not simply its anti-bourgeois, anti-Christian quality but its links to the notion of education and development. Humanity Publications Associate Professor & Chairperson, Department of English Language & Literature, Government College University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/william-wordsworth-matthew-arnold-and-walter-pater-the-romantic-notion-of-education-and-its-relation-to-culture https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-I).22 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Reading the Silence of Women in Saadat Hassan Manto's Selected Short Stories Fizra Sattar Umama Mehmood Ansari Sohail Ahmad Saeed Gendered Oppression Colonization Violence Hegemony Resistance This research paper offers an analysis of a selection of Saadat Hasan Manto's works through a feminist perspective. It explores the feminine content with reference to the suffering and violation of women as a major preoccupation of the selected short stories. As his works indicate, Manto portrayed experiences of women during the time of political upheaval in the subcontinent. He presents the silence of the marginalized women as a source for a deep insight into the patriarchal structures of society. The exposure to violence holds a fundamentally important place in Manto's "Colder than Ice", "Mozail", and "The Return", as they are the means to question gender and sexuality along with the dogmas of race culture and ethnicity. The paper aims to put forth the violence and victimization that women had to endure during the partition of the subcontinent. In light of the feminist theory, the present study analyses the gendered boundaries and objectification of women in the pursuit of male sexual pleasure, unravelling that once the silence speaks, women can make their own place in the world. Humanity Publications Visiting Faculty, Department of English, the Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Visiting Faculty, Department of English, the Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, the Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/reading-the-silence-of-women-in-saadat-hassan-mantos-selected-short-stories https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-I).23 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Thematic Discourse Analysis of Gender Objectification in Billboard Advertisements of Pakistan Zawar Hussain Iqra Maryam Qandeel Arif Nimra Saleem Gender Objectification Social Stereotype Billboard Advertisements Female Portrayal 3-Dimensional Model The current qualitative study endeavoured to investigate the multi-layered meaning of billboard advertisements by elaboration, exploration and elucidation of intended meanings and cultural norms demonstrated in billboard advertisements. For this purpose, the content of eight (8) billboard advertisements was thematically analyzed utilizing Fairclough 3-Dimensional Model: Description interpretation and explanation. The obtained results showed that these billboards had underlying meanings in terms of gender objectification, female portrayal, and social stereotypes as prominent themes. Furthermore, all the selected advertisements were based on a fine designed semiotic study to motivate the users. Humanity Publications Graduate, Department of English, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Student, Department of English, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. Student, Department of English, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/thematic-discourse-analysis-of-gender-objectification-in-billboard-advertisements-of-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-I).24 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Eccentricity and Conformity in Toni Morrison's A Sula: The Struggle for Life in a Patriarchal Society Mashhood Anjum Raheel Rehman Khan Yasir Khan Feminism Feminist Existentialism The Struggle for Females Black Women The present research investigates the struggle of female entities throughout their lives in a maledominated society, either acting in congruity or incongruity with the norms and set patterns of the society in order to get societal acceptance or to assert their sovereign individual-selves. The American society that is full of discrimination victimizes the race of Blacks in general and Black women in particular. As a result, the oppressed and subjugated woman has suffered as the 'Other' in American society during and after the era of slavery. The present research has delineated the existential conflicts of the Black female and the submissive or assertive behaviors they adopt to survive as free individuals. It is a qualitative research of Toni Morrison's novel that has been critically analyzed. The novel, A Sula has been analyzed by using the lens of the Feminist Conceptual Framework, and feminine existential issues have been discussed under the umbrella of Feminist Existentialism. The present study is expected to be a significant one because it highlights different situations of the individuals in which they can redirect their destiny by actively participating as 'subjects' or passively submitting as 'Objects'. Humanity Publications Lecturer in English, Government College University Faisalabad, Layyah Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer in English, Government College University Faisalabad, Layyah Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Government College, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/eccentricity-and-conformity-in-toni-morrisons-a-sula-the-struggle-for-life-in-a-patriarchal-society https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-I).25 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Cultural De/Colonization in Anwar Masood's Bunain Aamir Shehzad Sardar Ahmad Farooq Quratulain Arshad Colonialism Postmodernism Cultural Hegemony Decolonization This article addresses cultural hegemony of colonial discursive praxis and cultural decolonization in the wake of postmodern thought. Cultural hegemony entails the predominance of ruling states (colonizers) over the subordinate states (colonized). Western European states dominated colonial nations socioculturally and intellectually for a considerable time. Cultural decolonization is a process by which colonized people challenge the superiority of the colonizer's culture and attempt to redefine and reclaim their indigenous culture in order to reassert its distinct identity. The analysis of this study is based on Anwar Masood's poetry. Anwar Masood, amusingly, tries to challenge the colonial legacy prevalent in postcolonial Pakistan in different forms. He refuses to accept the hegemony of colonial discourse, particularly in terms of western civilization as superior to the civilizations of the colonized world. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Government College of Management Sciences, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Government Postgraduate College, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. Visiting Lecturer, Islamia University Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/cultural-decolonization-in-anwar-masoods-bunain https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-I).26 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Woman-Nature affinity in Desai's Where Shall We Go This Summer: An Ecofeminist A.. Arshad Nawaz Nimra Iftikhar Ruqayya Maqbool Woman Nature Feminism Ecology Ecofeminism This research paper focuses on the images extracted from natural phenomena in Anita Desai's Where Shall We Go This Summer? (1982), to illustrate the pros and cons of patriarchal society's marginalization and alienation of women in today's world. The article exposes the deep hidden meanings of natural imagery through a feministic sensibility. Desai uses natural and animal elements to create a metaphoric picture of an archetypal feminine figure that works on two levels at the same time. At a primary level, this technique of inserting natural images at various points throughout the novel aims to heighten the magnitude and intensity of the mental and spiritual agony of a victimized woman who faces domestic violence, male oppression, and female suppression while on a secondary level, the role of these images helps the women in the catharsis of that pain, distress, and anguish which is the result of the rejection of her husband and society as a whole. Karen Warren's theory of Eco feminism which regards both women and nature as oppressed objects, is applied for the purpose of research methodology. This research aims to overturn oppressive patriarchal practices by bringing women and ecology from the margins to the forefront Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Government College University Faisalabad, Sub-Campus Hafizabad, Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil in English, Minhaj University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil in English, Minhaj University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/womannature-affinity-in-desais-where-shall-we-go-this-summer-an-ecofeminist-a https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-I).27 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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The Ethos of War Literature in For Whom the Bell Tolls Nasir Iqbal Umar Hayat Muhammad Asif Nadeem Ethos War Literature Ernest Hemingway Novel For Whom The Bell Tolls The aim of this research paper is to demonstrate that Hemingway's work, 'For Whom the Bell Tolls' to show commitment to representing the war literature in which he realistically depicts the war scenes and the crippling impact of violence upon the individuals. This research is qualitative research carried out within the framework of theory, fiction, and history. We have deeply and analytically studied the text and marked the relevant portions. After many close readings and intensive study of the text, the relevant textual evidence was located, marked, andextracted. In 'For Whom the Bell Tolls, Hemingway enthusiastically depicts the heroic actions of Robert Jordan, the American protagonist, fighting for the Spanish cause and the other loyalists who were engaged in resisting fascist aggression against the democratic setup. Humanity Publications Lecturer in English, Government Guru Nanak Postgraduate College, Nankana Sahib, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer in English, Government Guru Nanak Postgraduate College, Nankana Sahib, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer in English, Superior College Nankana Sahib, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/the-ethos-of-war-literature-in-for-whom-the-bell-tolls https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-I).28 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Multiple Intelligences and Language Learning Strategies: Mental Choices and Preferred Strategies in Learning English as Second Language Shahid Nawaz Saeed Ahmad Rehan Muhammad Cognition Intelligence Multiple Intelligences Language Learning Strategies English as Second Language Learning Exploring mental choices and preferred language learning strategies of ESL learners can help language teachers to recognize their strengths and weaknesses. After knowing the preferences of the learners in learning English, Language teachers can reconsider or re-strategize their techniques, methods, and approaches for better proficiency and promising results. The current study aims at exploring the mental choices and preferred strategies of the learners in learning English as a second language in Pakistan. Base don convenient sampling, a sample of four hundred participants was selected from all four provinces of the country. The learners were surveyed through questionnaires. In response to the questionnaire on multiple intelligence, the respondents showed their mental inclinations towards musical, picture smart, and people smart intelligence. The researchers, keeping mental choices to multiple intelligence in mind, concluded that the learners could learn best if taught in rhyme, with pictorial demonstrations, and in group activities. The respondents, while responding to the Strategy Inventory of Language Learning (SILL), showed their preferences for Mnemonic (Memory), compensation, and effective strategies. The study rounded off with the suggestion that the teachers should give attention to every individual learner in the classroom. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English Linguistics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Emerson University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/multiple-intelligences-and-language-learning-strategies-mental-choices-and-preferred-strategies-in-learning-english-as-second-language https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-I).29 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Hybridization Within Single Words: An Analysis of the Formation of English- Pashto Lexical Hybrids In Pashto Spoken Discourse Aiman Gul Akram Liaqat Iqbal Code-mixing Language Hybridization English Language Pashto Language In bi/multilingual societies, the process of code-mixing and language hybridization holds great significance. The present study attempts to examine the process of language hybridization in the Pashto local context. The purpose of the study is to show that code-mixing of English lexical items in Pashto spoken discourse has resulted in the formation of English-Pashto lexical hybrids. Research data was collected through observation and television programs in the Pashto language. Data is analyzed by using Kachru's model of code-mixing of English in Hindi, where Unit Hybridization is applied, which isfurther added by the Sarwet Rasul model. Based on the research data, it was revealed that the English code mixed words in the Pashto language are mostly nouns. These words, when used by Pashto speakers, are made hybrid by adding different types of Pashto suffixes. The findings also revealed that because of the prestige factor attached, English words are used in Pashto spoken discourse which shows morphological deviations because of the influence of the mother tongue, i.e., Pashto language. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Women University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/hybridization-within-single-words-an-analysis-of-the-formation-of-english-pashto-lexical-hybrids-in-pashto-spoken-discourse https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-I).30 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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The Impact of Communicative Language Teaching: A Study at University Level in Bahawalpur Shehla Ilyas Abdul Khaliq Rasheed Ahmad Communicative Language Teaching Assessment Effects Impact and Proficient Communicative language teaching (CLT) stresses communication as a medium and as the mainobjective of language education, a multilingual and international language teaching method.Communication is also a way to teach foreign languages and stresses communication as a means andprimary language learning goal. The aim of the study is to explore the impact of communicativelanguage teaching of BS students. It also recognizes the reasons why there are no proficient speakersof the English language even after the use of the communicative teaching method (Rababah, 2002).Afive-point Likert scale was used in the questionnaires that were filled by 183 students of The IslamiaUniversity and GSC women university of Bahawalpur. The findings reveal that communicativelanguage teaching is the completely suitable and perfect strategy to be applied in classrooms whenteaching a second or foreign language. Due to certain factors, it is unable to produce proficientspeakers of the English language. Humanity Publications Subject Specialist Quaid-e-Azam Academy for Educational Development, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Department of Social and Allied Sciences, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan Visiting Lecturer, Department of English Literature, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/the-impact-of-communicative-language-teaching-a-study-at-university-level-in-bahawalpur https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-I).31 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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The Comparison of Sigmund Freud's Id, the Ego and the Superego to Chuck Palahniuk's Tyler, the Narrator, and society in the Novel Fight Club Faiz Ullah Mujtaba Khan Rehmat Ali Yousaf Zai Id Ego Super-ego Nature Instincts Psychoanalysis Psychoanalysis has been used for decades to explore the hidden motives and explanation of violent behavior of the characters in a novel. This paper analyses Chuck Palahniuk's famous novel Fight Club using Freudian psychoanalysis. It explores the Freudian concepts of Id, Ego, and Super-ego as portrayed in the character of Tyler, the narrator, and the society in the novel. The research show how the characters of Tyler Durden with his violent behavior and the narrator with his passive lifestyle are a suitable representation of Freudian Id and Ego, respectively. The paper also throws light upon the role of society with its intricate web of rules and its influence on the behavior of the narrator and the violence of Tyler Durden Humanity Publications Lecturer, Islamia College Peshawar, KP, Pakistan Lecturer, Department of English, University of Swabi, Swabi, KP, Pakistan Student of PhD TESOL, School of Educational Studies, University Science Malaysia (USM-Main Campus) Malaysia 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/the-comparison-of-sigmund-freuds-id-the-ego-and-the-superego-to-chuck-palahniuks-tyler-the-narrator-and-society-in-the-novel-fight-club https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-I).32 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Comparative Study of Daud Kamal and Sarojini Naidu's Selected Poems: An Existentialist Study Samina Yasmin Nusrat Sultana Sanniya Sara Batool An Ode to Death Daud Kamal Death and Life Sarojini Naidu: Human Individuals Eternity The paper presents the comparative study of the poem Ode to Death by Daud Kamal and the Poem To Death by Sarojini Naidu. The present study tells the reality of life, which is the universal element on this earth. Life is a combination of misery and happiness. Every person has to face the hardships and sufferings in this temporary world. No one is total happiness in this world of uncertainty. Everyone is facing miscellaneous diseases and troubles. Death frees and liberates the person from these miseries of life. This death is not permanent. This is only a world from which everyone wants to get rid of it.The theoretical Frame Work of these poems is Existentialism by Jean-Paul Sartre. It is a theory that forces every person to get liberated through their own willingness. Existentialism is a faith and trust in which every person is responsible for determining his own purpose, not God. The findings of the study are uncertainty and distress in both old and young adults. Every person who is born will have to die one day. This world is transitory. It is not permanent, and man is mortal in this temporary world of existence. The recommendation of the study is Materialistic aspects. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, University of Education Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, University of Education Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/comparative-study-of-daud-kamal-and-sarojini-naidus-selected-poems-an-existentialist-study https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-I).33 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Video Wisdom: Using TED Talks for Developing Speaking Proficiency of Pakistani Undergraduate learners Shahid Nawaz Muhammad Saleem Farah Zaib Advancement in Technology TED Talks Speaking Skills TED Talks and Speaking Skills This research focuses on the perceptions of students about TED talk videos and their effects on speaking skills. This study follows an experimental research design. The researchers, by using the purposive sampling technique, took a sample of 50 undergraduate students studying in SE college, Bahawalpur. A questionnaire was proposed to know the learner's perception about videos and a speaking test was also conducted as an instrument for data collection. The data was analyzed using SPSS. The findings of the study showed that the average mean value for the questionnaire was 4.36,with an SD value of 0.89. The researchers estimated that in the control group p-value is larger than0.05 both in pretest and post-test. Similarly, the experimental group p-value is also larger than 0.05 in pretest but smaller than 0.05 in post-test. They finally concluded that TED Talk videos were very helpful for undergraduate learners. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English Linguistics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, Department of English Linguistics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Ph.D. Scholar, Department of English Linguistics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/video-wisdom-using-ted-talks-for-developing-speaking-proficiency-of-pakistani-undergraduate-learners https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-I).34 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Investigating Integration of Writing Skills in Grade VIII English PTBB Textbook Sana Baig Fareeha Javed Fasiha Altaf Writing Skills National English Curriculum Competency Student Learning Outcomes Grade VIII and English Textbook The present study aimed to explore the integration of writing skills competency in the Grade VIII English textbook prescribed by the Punjab textbook board. A content analysis was carried out in the backdrop of a checklist based on the competencies and students' learning outcomes provided in the latest English National Curriculum (2006), Pakistan. The writing competency was proposed to improve learners' writing skills. The study employed a qualitative research design, and findings were analyzed thematically. In accordance with the curriculum, students are expected to write keeping in mind transactional and interactional purposes as well as descriptive, expository and narrative texts of language. But the findings are otherwise and unfolded that the textbook understudy does not provide students with adequate opportunities to improve their writing skills. Rather, writing skill was only found in the form of comprehension question exercises in which students merely have to answer the questions. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of TESOL, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Head of TESOL Department, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Institute of Education and Research, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/investigating-integration-of-writing-skills-in-grade-viii-english-ptbb-textbook https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-II).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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The Organization of Power in Roy's The Ministry of Utmost Happiness: A Foucauldian Reading Raheela Hameed Laghari Muhammad Asif Khan Aamer Shaheen Foucault Hierarchy Power Resistance Suppression The present study aims to highlight the role of power in Arundhati Roy's The Ministry of Utmost Happiness through the ideas given by Michel Foucault. Roy discusses various power centers present in contemporary Indian society, which institutionalize the suppression faced by various characters in the novel on the basis of their caste, religion, social class, or political affiliations. The study intends to expose the dissection of these power centers active in society as the non-linear trajectory of power. The characters of Anjum, Tilo, Musa, and Revathy face suppression to the point of marginalization. This leads them to subvert the power structures of the society by resisting against them, thus negating the linear hierarchy of power. Humanity Publications Research Scholar, Department of English Literature, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English Literature, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English Literature, GC University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/the-organization-of-power-in-roys-the-ministry-of-utmost-happiness-a-foucauldian-reading https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-II).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Memory for Text: The Relationship between Form and Meaning Amjad Saleem Muhammad Umer Form Meaning Memory Memorization Text Processing A linguistic sign, according to Saussure (1966), is a combination of a signifier (form) and a signified (meaning). Form without meaning is just half of the sign. Although in some situations surface forms are excellently retained in memory over time, in most circumstances, explicit long term memory for the surface details or memory for forms of long-past linguistic events is poor or non-existent. Taylor (2012) and Port (2007), however, have proposed that there may be implicitly accumulated memory traces for all aspects of the language- nothing is thrown away. In the present study, 'form refers to physical properties or surface features such as the orthographic, phonological and acoustic representations of a text, while 'meaning' refers to semantic properties, including contextual and pragmatic information. There are some curiosities about their relationship, which this paper will tease apart. The curiosities relate to how language is processed, represented and retained in different circumstances. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English & Applied Linguistics, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Islamia College University Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/memory-for-text-the-relationship-between-form-and-meaning https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-II).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Schooling the Souls of the Savages: Theme of Negative Stereotyping in Native American Play Asma Aftab Sadia Akram Eurocentrism Negative Stereotyping Native American Plays Savages The present article deals with the theme of negative stereotyping in the backdrop of identity and representation in Native American drama with special reference to Scott Momaday's The Indolent Boys, The Moon in Two Windows, and Howe & Gordon's Indian Radio Days. By assuming an explicit postcolonial angle, these plays consciously subvert the project of negative stereotyping of the natives by employing the ideological vocabulary of the mainstream Euro-American discourse. In this way, the native American drama has become a significant site of deconstructing the binary of 'us' and 'them' by reversing the logic of imperialism and by resisting against the exploitative history of colonization. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/schooling-the-souls-of-the-savages-theme-of-negative-stereotyping-in-native-american-play https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-II).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Exploring Racism, and Anxieties of Identity in Aslam's Selected Work Sameen Nisar Mamona Yasmin Khan Aqsa Choudhry Ambiguous Identity Immigrants Marginalization Minorities Racism Stereotypical Attitude The question of identity and sense of displacement is always fundamental for culturally displaced people. The objective of the Diaspora writings is to explore the construction of new identities in new cultural places and the painful experiences of migration. The present study aims to explore the issue of identity and racism in selected fictional works, Season of the Rainbirds (1993) and Maps for Lost Lovers (2004) by Aslam. For this purpose, Bhabha's 'The Location of Culture' (1993) and Fanon's 'Black Skin, White Mask's (1952) are used as theoretical frameworks to scrutinize the selected novels. The research is descriptive qualitative, and placed within the interpretive paradigm. The data for the present study is in the form of textual paragraphs, which is taken from the selected novels and is collected through the purposive sampling technique. Findings of the study revealed that hybrid identities of minorities and immigrants are resulting because they are marginalized by the majority class and are subjected to racist and stereotypical attitudes, which help in hybridization. Humanity Publications Scholar, Department of English, The Women University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, The Women University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Research Scholar, Department of English, The Women University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/exploring-racism-and-anxieties-of-identity-in-aslams-selected-work https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-II).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Stereotypical Hijab, Oppressive Forces and Postcolonial Muslim Women: A Critical Analysis of Hijabistan by Sabyn Javeri Sanniya Sara Batool Nafees Parvez Amna Farooq Hijabistan Hijab Ideology Muslim Women Oppression Scar Sabyn Javeri This research highlights the use of the word Hijab and the position of Muslim women in Sabyn Javeri's Hijabistan. This study is significant as Hijab is considered important, sacred and respectful in many religions of the world but is portrayed as a sign of stigma and oppression when associated with Muslim women. It is assumed that Muslim women used to wear Hijab to hide their negative activities. Hence, the Hijab, which is considered a mark of veneration and respect, becomes a scar. The discursive analysis of the delimited text observes how the Hijab becomes a cicatrix for women in Pakistan and why they consider it as a forced, unworthy and unnecessary piece of cloth rather than protective and comfort. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Riphah International University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Ph.D. Scholar, Department of English, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Ph.D. Scholar, Department of English, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/stereotypical-hijab-oppressive-forces-and-postcolonial-muslim-women-a-critical-analysis-of-hijabistan-by-sabyn-javeri https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-II).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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The Theatre of Historical Revision: An Analysis of the Native American Drama Tradition Amer Akhtar Rida Rehman Neelum Almas Native American Genocide Drama Historical Revision We attempt to analyse the form and content of major Native American plays to discuss their relationship with the traditional English drama and its content. By looking at plays of key Native American playwrights, we show that the Native American tradition goes against the English tradition of drama in its form by challenging the unities of time and place and characterization. It also brings in elements of Native American tradition of storytelling such as the blend of the sacred and the profane, the use of humor, the attitude towards facticity, to the tradition of drama to carve out a unique space for itself through which it attempts to challenge the dominant narratives of history, Native American culture, and at the same time highlight the problems the Native American nations face currently. Humanity Publications HoD, Department of English, Foundation University Islamabad, Pakistan. Department of English, Foundation University Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Foundation University Islamabad, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/the-theatre-of-historical-revision-an-analysis-of-the-native-american-drama-tradition https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-II).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Transitivity Analysis of Pakistan's Code of Civil Procedure 1908: A Corpus-Based Study Saadat Hasan Akhtar Usmani Ayaz Afsar Corpus Analysis Ideational Metafunction Legal Language Legislative Drafting Linguistic Complexity Systemic Functional Linguistics The language of law is complex and needs to be investigated to facilitate its easy understanding. The present study addresses this need by analyzing a mini-corpus comprising two short texts taken from Pakistan's Code of Civil Procedure 1908 and the U.K.'s Civil Procedure Rules 1998 with Halliday's ideational metafunction, which is suited for analyzing procedural texts (Halliday & Matthiessen, 2004). The study identified the transitivity patterns in the mini corpus. The findings showed simpler construction of processes in the U.K. civil procedure text sample as compared to Pakistan's Civil Procedure text sample, whereas the analysis showed a similar complex construction of nominal phrases in both texts. The study is expected to contribute toward an easy understanding of legal language. It is also hoped that this study will promote further research in this important area with pedagogical implications. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of English, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Vice President Academics, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/transitivity-analysis-of-pakistans-code-of-civil-procedure-1908-a-corpusbased-study https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-II).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Quest for Body and Voice: A Feminist Critical Discourse Analysis of Shamsie's Broken Verses Mashhood Anjum Iftikhar Baig Abdul Hameed Feminism Patriarchy Gender Discourse CDA FCDA Feminist Critical Discourse Analysis In contemporary and postmodern literary discourses, feminism has introduced a paradigm change in the sex debates. The plan of feminist critical discourse analysis is to explore different discourses from a feminist viewpoint. The planned study conforms to this field of feminist discourse that will attempt to analyze Kamila Shamsie's selected work, Broken Verses. She, being a famous feminist, has produced discourses in which structural and thematic samples absorb sex debates. Her feminist tendency has established clear expression in all the aspects of her works: body, voice and characterization. The current study shows how she has used feminist discourse strategies in conventionality with her feminist literary position. This research extensively improves the perceptive of Kamila Shamsie's work and pictures how the feministic arrangement and feminist critical discourse analysis have been inventively infused in her famous works. Humanity Publications Lecturer in English, Government College University Faisalabad, Layyah Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Qurtaba University of Sciences and Technology, Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Qurtaba University of Sciences and Technology, Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/quest-for-body-and-voice-a-feminist-critical-discourse-analysis-of-shamsies-broken-verses https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-II).09 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Institutional Violence and Madness in Bond's Subversive Comedy The Sea Muhammad Umer Azim Muhammad Saleem Nargis Saleem 'Aggro-effects' Alienation Dehumanization Rational Theatre This paper analyses Edward Bond's play The Sea as a subversive comedy. The existing sociopolitical hegemonies in the British culture are ridiculed. Bond foregrounds the unjust automatized social structures that produce multiple types of madness that leads to violence. Gradually, the social beings become habitual of their madness-based identity. They develop an equation to cope with the existing coercive social system. The victim of these social hierarchies are brutalized, alienated and dehumanized, ultimately. Bond, through dialectical modes, self-reflexive text, creative images, comic strategies, symbolic configurations and various behavioral absurdities awakes his reader/audience to diagnose the dreadful situation in which they are and to practically do something to replace the irrational life by the sanity-oriented social existence. Elisabeth Wright's theory of found in her book Postmodern Brecht: A Re-Presentation (1989) informed this study as a theoretical paradigm. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor of English, Government Graduate College Township, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Professor of English, Government Graduate College Township, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Riphah International University, Lahore Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/institutional-violence-and-madness-in-bonds-subversive-comedy-the-sea https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-II).10 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Postmodern Absurdist Critique of Julian Barnes's The Only Story Arshad Nawaz Muhammad Ijaz Khalid Mehmood Anjum Postmodern Absurdism Julian Barnes The Absurd The Only Story This research paper endeavors to examine the postmodern absurdism as a literary sub genre in postmodern fiction. It delves deep into the concept of absurdism by concentrating upon the characteristics that distinguish it as a postmodern sub genre. Through the analysis of the postmodern novel, The Only Story (2018), this research paper illustrates how the characteristics of absurdism haven impact upon a postmodern society characterized by boredom, meaninglessness, futility, and confusion. It also highlights how different characters, events, and places have been portrayed in the novel to depict the absurdity of human existence. The theoretical paradigm of the research is based upon Thomas Nagel’s Essay “The Absurd” which is about postmodern space of absurdism and was presented in the American Philosophical Association Eastern Division. The study limelight's how the absurd occurrences and bizarre characters found in the researcher's primary text depict the complexity of the postmodern absurd world in both literal and metaphoric dimensions. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Government College University Faisalabad, Sub-Campus Hafizabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Visiting Lecturer, Department of English Literature, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Riphah International University Islamabad, Sub-Campus Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/postmodern-absurdist-critique-of-julian-barness-the-only-story https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-II).11 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Subverting the Politics of Discourse in Gerald Vizenor's Heirs of Columbus Nasir Iqbal Umar Hayat Muhammad Asif Nadeem TheHeirs of Columbus Indigenous Anthropological Vizenor is an illustrious novelist whose works, especially The Heirs of Columbus, dwells upon some of the substantial and significant issues facing the modern-day Native American nationals of America and Canada as the majority of the Native American tribes straddle along the borders between the two countries. Victor believes in Saidian terms that the white Euro-American colonizers, after making inroads into the native people's land, established their stranglehold by maintaining and perpetuating the policy of the misrepresentation of the native people. Through a body of specialized writings about the colonized people, the Europeans in the first place and Americans afterward- after the center was shifted from Britain to America as a result of far-reaching political and economic changes in the world scenario- grossly misrepresented the indigenous people by portraying them as uncivilized, ignorant, brutes, inferior, born to be ruled over and, thus, by implication defined themselves as civilized, democratic, knowledgeable having the divine sanction to rule. They had this cultural/anthropological theory of their innate superiority over the non-white to ideologically support and legitimize their exploitative agenda. Humanity Publications Lecturer in English, Government Guru Nanak Postgraduate College, Nankana Sahib, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer in English, Government Guru Nanak Postgraduate College, Nankana Sahib, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer in English, Superior College, Nankana Sahib, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/subverting-the-politics-of-discourse-in-gerald-vizenors-heirs-of-columbus https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-II).12 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Effects of Short Messaging Services' Language on the Academic Writing Skills of Graduate Learners at University Level Shahid Nawaz Rasheed Ahmed Amna Mushtaq Academic Writing SMS (Texting) Textspeak Standard English Writing Skills Short messaging service (SMS) language, text speak or text language is used with internet-based communication such as text messaging or e-mail and instant messaging. The current study aims at determining the reasons for short messaging service (SMS) language usage and its effects on the academic writing of the learners. Eighty (40 male and 40 female) learners and ten teachers were purposive a selected as participants of the study. The data were amassed from two public sector universities of the Punjab, Pakistan. Two questionnaires, one for teachers and the other for learners,were administered as research tools for the data collection. The collected data were analyzed through SPSS. The majority of the teachers viewed that the SMS language usage had an undesirable effect on the pedagogic inscriptions of the university learners. Learners opined that the SMS language was an easy and fast mode of writing through they committed errors of punctuation, spelling, and syntax. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English Linguistics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan Visiting Lecturer, Department of English Literature, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Department of English Linguistics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/effects-of-short-messaging-services-language-on-the-academic-writing-skills-of-graduate-learners-at-university-level https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-II).13 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Depiction of Pakistani Culture through Code-Mixing: Critical Examination of the Novel Holy Woman by Qaisra Shahraz Sana Sardar Muhammad Zawar Khan Mujtaba Khan Code-Mixing Borrowing English Language Urdu Language Code mixing is a process that is unconscious which helps to establish communication in a multilingual group. The study in question examines the use of code-mixing throughout the book "The Holy Woman"by "Qaisra Shahraz." The study examines the socioeconomic and cultural lives that are in Sindh and Karachi. The marriage ceremony was analyzed using words like amazing Rishta three talaqs sister's Mehandi, Nikkah, and jahez. Through code-mixing, the author has not just shown the languages but also the depiction of Pakistani culture. The research found that the author is able to see the light in the regional languages that sound more familiar to the reader as well as Pakistani English to fulfill the language gap. The information has been examined by using Baum gardner, Kennedy, and Shamim's(1993) and Kachru's (1983) model of code-mixing. The researcher has discovered 400 terms (English-Urdu words) within the thirty-two contexts of semantics. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Government Degree College for Girls, Takht Bhai, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Department of English, Government Post Graduate College Mardan, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, University of Swabi, KP, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/depiction-of-pakistani-culture-through-codemixing-critical-examination-of-the-novel-holy-woman-by-qaisra-shahraz https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-II).14 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Freud's Theory of Human Nature and Instincts in Chuck Palahniuk's Novel Fight Club Faiz Ullah Mujtaba Khan Rehmat Ali Yousaf Zai Psychoanalysis Nature Nurture Instincts Ero Thanatos The 1996 novel Fight Club by Chuck Palahniuk demonstrates a strong basis in psychoanalytical theory. The analysis of this novel shows that Freudian concepts of human nature and the basic instincts of Ero and Thanatos explain the reason behind the struggle of nature and nurture. This representation is evident in the setting, in the plot, and in the major characters of the novel. Within this framework for the discussion, I argue that the narrator's initial attempt to rebel against consumer culture force his natural instincts to resist nurture. The narrator escapes from the social orders and chooses violence as the best practice to break the chains of the nurture of civilized society. He starts living a life in the freedom offered by the real nature led by his instincts and desires. The attempt of nature to dominate nurture and vice versa ends up further escalating the struggle rather than eliminating it Humanity Publications Lecturer, Islamia College Peshawar, KP, Pakistan Lecturer, Department of English, University of Swabi, Swabi, KP, Pakistan. Student of PhD TESOL, School of Educational Studies, University Science Malaysia (USM-Main Campus) Malaysia 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/freuds-theory-of-human-nature-and-instincts-in-chuck-palahniuks-novel-fight-club https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-II).15 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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The Impact of Task-Based Language Instruction on Oral Communication Development in ESL Students Urooj Fatima Talha Shoaib Sofia Anwer ESL Oral Communication EFL Task-Based Approach In this study, the aim of the investigation was to find the impact of using task-based teaching method son the oral communication skills of ESL students at the undergraduate level. The investigation was carried out in a university at the tertiary level by checking the influence of task-based language teaching on 22 ESL students. After looking at the results obtained in the study, it is found that the task-based teaching method has a significant influence on the oral communication skills of the students.Personally, it was observed that some of the students investigated in the study started to concentrate on the activities; they also started to adopt the words spoken by other students in their vocabulary.Therefore, it was observed that other students speaking significantly improved and enhanced the verbal and non-verbal expressions of the students. On the basis of the results obtained, it can be said that teachers should make use of task-based teaching methods in the classroom activities to improve the oral communication skills of the students, as it will help them to perform well on the job. In addition,speaking abilities are required for different stages of life. Therefore, they should be focused on every degree program for professional development. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Research Assistant, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Research Assistant, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/the-impact-of-taskbased-language-instruction-on-oral-communication-development-in-esl-students https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-II).16 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Proverbs: An Analysis of Translation from Urdu to English Mujtaba khan Faiz Ullah Rehmat Ali Yousaf Zai Translation Proverb Equivalent English Persian SL/TL The translation of proverbs, which has always been a difficult area, is always emerged in culture because of its relevance to folklore, and hence translators face problems at the lexical, syntactical, or cultural level. Keeping in view this fact, the present study aimed to analyze Urdu proverbs and their equivalence in English, i.e., their translated version. For this purpose, as a source of data, the proverb book Khazina-e-Muhawarat by Craven, where translated version is also available, was used. These proverbs we reanalyzed and were searched for whether they were translated literately or sense-wise. From the data, it was found that there is a blend of both literal and sense translation, where equivalence varies from one version to another. Humanity Publications Lecturer in English, University of Swabi, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer in Islamia College Peshawar, KP, Pakistan Ph.D. scholar, TESOL, School of Educational Studies, University Science Malaysia (USM-Main Campus) Malaysia 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/proverbs-an-analysis-of-translation-from-urdu-to-english https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-II).17 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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9/11 and the Dilemma of Pakistan's Image: Rereading Hamid's Response in Reluctant Fundamentalist and Discontent and Its Civilizations Zeeshan Aslam Ghulam Murtaza Saba Rasheed Pakistan Globalization Civilization English Literature Representation 9/11 War on Terror Media The contemporary age is of globalization that is engulfing smaller cultures and their local values into today's big Americanized fold of cultural and economic domination. Pakistan, after 9/11, has been the worst victim of cultural hegemony and economic depression besides loss of invaluable lives despite being front line ally of America in its global war on terror. Mohsin Hamid's is the strongest,unapologetic, and culturally rooted response to the multifarious crisis Pakistan has been experiencing. He is being realistic towards the cultural clash and overlap not only exposes how the Pakistani indigenous value system is being distorted as well as acceptance of the new technophobe.Himself a Pakistani Muslim, he fictionally and critically creates space for the voice of Pakistani Muslim margin against the westernized framing of the overseas media for the global center. This article studies how he has addressed the challenges to Pakistani, cultural, national, ethnic, and religious identity in his imaginative and factional works. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Government College University Faisalabad (Chiniot Campus), Punjab, Pakistan. ssociate Professor, Department of English, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil English Literature, Department of English, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/911-and-the-dilemma-of-pakistans-image-rereading-hamids-response-in-reluctant-fundamentalist-and-discontent-and-its-civilizations https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-II).18 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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The Concept of Othering in "A Thousand Splendid Suns and The Kite Runner": A Postcolonial Study Samina Yasmin Nusrat Sultana Sanniya Sara Batool Othering Subalterns Basic Rights Eclectic Approach Othering is the issue that refers to prevent women from their basic rights. They face discrimination in homes and on work places as compared to men. The study highlights the concept of marginalization in A Thousand Splendid Suns (2007) and The Kite Runner (2003) by Khaled Husseini. The study of the texts shows the courage of women for empowerment who faced domestic and social fierceness through triple layers of colonization. A qualitative research design was adopted in the current research through the process of Eclectic Approach by applying Edward Said (1995) and Spivak (1999). This research study examines hegemony, militarization, colonization, nationalism, patriarchy and male-dominated culture,women identification, ambivalent stance, Afghani immigrants, subaltern representation of women,basic rights in society and magical realism. The findings showed that women were discriminated in their household and social activities. So the identity of Afghan women is the most significant achievement to defeat othering at all levels. Humanity Publications Lecturer in English, University of Education Lahore, Faisalabad Campus, Punjab, Pakistan Lecturer in English, Department of English, University of Education Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan Lecturer, RIUF 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/the-concept-of-othering-in-a-thousand-splendid-suns-and-the-kite-runner-a-postcolonial-study https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-II).19 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Use of Pre-Invitation Signaling Politeness: A Descriptive Study Farah Zaib Shahid Nawaz Riaz Hussain Communication Politeness Face-Saving Pre-Sequence Pre-Invitation First Pair Part (FPP) Second Pair Part (SPP) Better understanding in relationships can be achieved by applying pre-invitation and politeness strategies. The major focus of the current research was to explore the frequency and usage of pre-invitation in making polite utterances. Data for the current study was gathered from professional field people. The participants of the professional field were the 60 teachers of Islamia University of Bahawalpur (Baghdad-ul-jadeed campus). The questionnaire was devised by the researcher that was comprised of five-point Likert-Scale, close-ended items. Data obtained from the questionnaire were analyzed using a descriptive statistical technique with SPSS(V-20) against each statement. The study was delimitated on certain grounds, not taking unlettered people as a sample of the study. The data was gathered quantitatively via questionnaires. The result was found to be significant. The results showed that the majority of professional field people use pre-invitation in their daily discourses. Moreover, the frequent use of pre-invitation indicated that their basic purposes are; to show politeness and to save the face of each other as well. In the light of findings, some recommendations are proposed for future research. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of English Linguistics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English Linguistics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English Linguistics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/use-of-preinvitation-signaling-politeness-a-descriptive-study https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-II).20 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Analysis of Assessment Methods Used by ESL Teachers at Undergraduate level in Pakistan Rameen Asif Shahida Naz Language Assessment Methods Assessment Knowledge Assessment Training The purpose of the current study was to examine language assessment practices of ESL teachers at the undergraduate level in Punjab (Faisalabad and Lahore). Objectives of the study were to evaluate current second language assessment methods used by teachers at the undergraduate level, to identify any difference between perceptions of teachers about their assessment skills and actual practices of teachers for second language assessment at the undergraduate level, to explore the factors affecting ESL assessment practices of teachers at the undergraduate level. To achieve the objectives of the study, a mixed-method research design was used, a variety of instruments were administered to collect quantitative data survey, and a language assessment knowledge test adapted from (Muhammad 2019)was used. The survey was divided into four parts first part inquired participants about their demographic information, second part inquired them about different assessment techniques they use to assess language skills, i.e., writing, reading, speaking, listening. Data were analyzed by conducting descriptive statistics through SPSS and thematic analysis. Findings of the study highlighted that teachers claimed to use various types of assessment techniques to assess their student's language skills like portfolio assessment, group discussion, note-taking but classroom observations indicated that they used only traditional pen and paper methods and limited assessment techniques like essay writing and multiple-choice questions. Humanity Publications Department of Applied Linguistics, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Applied Linguistics, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/analysis-of-assessment-methods-used-by-esl-teachers-at-undergraduate-level-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-II).21 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Perceptions and Practices of Written Feedback in English Classes at Intermediate level in Bagh, Azad Jammu and Kashmir Shoukat Hayat Khan Qudsia Ishaq Sabir Hussain Shah Written Feedback Feedback Practices Teachers' Perceptions Students 'Perceptions This study aims at analyzing the perceptions and practices of written feedback in English classes atan intermediate level in public sector colleges in district Bagh, Azad Jammu, and Kashmir. Precisely,the study analyzes English teachers' perceptions and actually written feedback practices employed in classrooms. Further, it examines the perceptions students have about written feedback; and explores the similarities and differences between students' likenesses and actual practices of written feedback.This study applies a mixed-method research approach, utilizing both qualitative and quantitative-methods. Findings of this study reveal that though both teachers and students prefer to have the provision of Specific Feedback with direct correction, in practice, General Feedback is given within direct correction. Teachers and students perceive the provision of Content Feedback and Form feedback both as more beneficial, and teachers also give both types of feedback, but they lend a bit more emphasis on Content Feedback. Similarly, Negative Feedback is supplied more. However,teachers and students like to enjoy Positive Feedback in actual provision Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, Department of English, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Department of English, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/perceptions-and-practices-of-written-feedback-in-english-classes-at-intermediate-level-in-bagh-azad-jammu-and-kashmir https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-II).22 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Autocracy, Displacement and Struggle for Independence Presented in the Selected Bangladeshi Literary Fiction Hassan Bin Zubair Bakhtawar Salim Saima Larik Trauma War Displacement Social Politics Anxiety This research explores Tahmima Anam's A Golden Age as political writing in the context of the Bangladesh independence war, depicting an ideological conflict between Bangladesh's social democracy and Pakistani political leaders. Bengali people's participation in social democracy justifies their appeal for social equality and moral responsibility. During the divested civil conflict, they bear witness to physical pain, anxiety, displacement, and psychological fragmentation. Anam represents the traumatized Bangladesh self totally through the ongoing war of Bangladesh. The conflict of Bangladesh implies not only pain, victims, suffering, and struggling but also apparently visible through their persistent creed in social democracy. The major character Rehana becomes a traumatized individual because her life is triggered by traumatic experiences of war devastation in Dhaka thus feels the nightmare horrors of her son, who is involved in the war as a freedom fighter.Similarly, her anxiety, witnessing of destructed scenes, nightmare, and fragmented psychology generate a traumatized individual. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar (English Literature), Department of English, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. MPhil English (Literature), Visiting Lecturer in Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD Scholar (English Literature), Lecturer (English), Department of Linguistics and Social Sciences, Begum Nusrat Bhutto Women University, Sukkur, Sindh, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/autocracy-displacement-and-struggle-for-independence-presented-in-the-selected-bangladeshi-literary-fiction https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-II).23 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Urdu Postposition Phrases Muhammad Athar Khurshid Hina Azad Samreen Riaz Ahmed Postpositions Complement Adjunct Genitive Instrumental Locative Accusative Dative Oblique Urdu post positions need to be clearly defined because long as an accurate concept of Post position Phrases is chalked out, the concepts of Noun and Verb Phrase will also remain incomplete. The available literature describes them either semantically (traditional approach), or in Lexico-Functional-Grammar. Neither approach differentiates between their roles as case markers and post positions. Nor is their basic structure described. The researcher has tried to minimize the confusion between their mixed roles of case markers, grammatical functions, and post position.Disagreeing with the existing theory of Urdu PPs, the researcher has defined and classified them in the framework of generative grammar. This paper elaborates the internal structure of Urdu PPs, their maximal and intermediate projections, and their distribution in the clause structure. In addition to that, their overt and covert roles have also been pointed out here. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Government Graduate College, Model Town, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan Lecturer, Hazrat Aisha Siddiqa Model Degree and Commerce College, Nicolson Road, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Sindh Madressatul Islam University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/urdu-postposition-phrases https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-II).24 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:392011 2021-06-30 glr

Representation of Regional Political power through Cartoons: A Semiotic Study Waheeda Rehman Quratulain Arshad Huda Hameed Qureshi Power CDA SA Political Cartoons Media is an essential tool to describe the current issues from the individual level to international relations. Through presenting images and cartoons, media highlights the occurred situation of the world with specific illustrations. The present research study describes the semiotic analysis of the Pak-India relationship as presented by political cartoons in Pakistani-published Urdu newspapers. As there is an ideological representation of cartoons to present the desired sense through media, so the linguistics and semiotic analysis can counter the meanings and illustrations of such desired ideologies by which meanings are presented. Construction and deconstruction of desired ideologies can be best observed by such loaded semiotics. The discourse approach model of Zubair and Sajid(2011) has been used of semiotic analysis, and for linguistic analysis, the framework of Fairclough's model (2003) of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is adopted to manipulate the hidden ideologies as presented in political cartoons. The linguistic and semiotic analysis of such political cartoons, as presented in media, can be used as the best tool to shape public opinion towards desired realities. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of English Linguistics, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad./ Lecturer, Department of English, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology, Havelian, KP, Pakistan. Visiting Lecturer, Department of English Linguistics the Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Government Post Graduate College, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/representation-of-regional-political-power-through-cartoons-a-semiotic-study https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-II).25 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Teachers' and Learners' Perceptions of Online Teaching amid COVID-19 in Lahore, Pakistan Mohsin Tajammul Nimra Rafiq Namra Fazal COVID-19 Online Teaching Perceptions Lockdown This study aims to explore the perceptions of teachers and learners about online teaching during the pandemic scenario of COVID-19. Allegedly, people complain about poor connectivity, unavailability of machines and inefficiency of computer operating skills. Therefore, there is a need to explore the perceptions of academia and learners about online classes while pandemic lock down. This study has employed a mixed-method approach in order to get facts and figures as well as the opinion of people regarding the incumbent issue. The explanatory model of mix method approach in which quantitative data and analysis lead to qualitative data. A closed-ended survey was designed to get facts and figures about perceptions of learners regarding online learning. A Snowball sampling technique, a kind of purposive sampling has been adopted. Quantitative data was collected from seventy undergraduate students through Google survey form and statistical analysis of data was done.Perceptions of teachers were gathered through an interview protocol designed to collect the opinion of teachers. It has been found that online classes are not effective without professional training and the provision of internet connection and gadgets at cheap rates. There is a need to equip students and teachers with IT surfing and operational skills for the digitalization of education. Humanity Publications MS Scholar Applied Linguistic, Department of Sciences and Humanities, FAST National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. MS Scholar Applied Linguistic, Department of Sciences and Humanities, FAST National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. MS Scholar Applied Linguistic, Department of Sciences and Humanities, FAST National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/teachers-and-learners-perceptions-of-online-teaching-amid-covid19-in-lahore-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-II).26 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Exploring Teachers' Difficulties in Teaching English as a Second Language in Public Sector Elementary Schools Aqila Hafeez Ijaz Ashraf Teaching English Second Language Elementary Schools This study explored the difficulties faced by the teachers while teaching English as a second language in public sector elementary schools. This study was descriptive in nature, and a survey-type research design was used. Data were collected from a randomly selected sample of 120 teachers, both male and female, out of the population of 800 public sector elementary schools of tehsil Samundari district Faisalabad. A questionnaire in the form of a 5-point Likert scale was used as a tool to collect data from respondents. Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 22. Weighted scores, mean values, and standard deviations were calculated for analysis. Findings revealed that teachers' workload in school, irrelevant qualifications, and financial pressure were the key challenges. Over crowdedness in classrooms,students and their parents' less interest in the English language, faulty examination system, limited time to complete the syllabus, and fewer training opportunities were the major problems faced by the teachers while teaching English. This study urges curtailing the workload of teachers and the arrangement of training programs for the teachers. Humanity Publications Ph.D. Scholar, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Institute of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/exploring-teachers-difficulties-in-teaching-english-as-a-second-language-in-public-sector-elementary-schools https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-II).27 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:392014 2021-06-30 glr

Pakistani Advanced EFL Learners' Perceptions of Role of Pakistani English Short Stories in Increasing Motivation and Interest in Reading Classroom Ubaidullah Khan Tahira Malik Shamim Ara Shams Indigenous Literature Interest Motivation Reading Comprehension Foreign Literature This research was conducted to study the effectiveness of Pakistani English short stories to increase the level of interest and motivation of the students in reading class. The first part of this study was experimental research that found the positive effect of indigenous English literature on students' interest and motivation in reading classrooms. This second part is based on the students' perceptions about using Pakistani short stories in the reading classroom. The advanced EFL students constituted the population of this study. The study revealed that the students found the reading lessons based on Pakistani English short stories much more effective as compared to the ones based on foreign literature as the former was easy to understand and relate to, and increased the students' motivation level. The study recommends including indigenously produced English literature in the Pakistani curriculum. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Lecturer (visiting), Department of Business and Management Sciences, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Linguistics and Literature, Karakoram International University, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/pakistani-advanced-efl-learners-perceptions-of-role-of-pakistani-english-short-stories-in-increasing-motivation-and-interest-in-reading-classroom https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-II).28 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:392015 2021-06-30 glr

Grappling with Environmental Crisis: An Eco-critical Study of Momaday's House Made of Dawn Sardar Ahmad Farooq Amara Akram Arshad Nawaz Eco-criticism Restoration Native Americanism Euro-Americanism The present paper examines the exploitation of nature and its effect on Native Americans, who not only identify themselves with nature but also have a life-sharing bond of interdependence with it.The European colonisation not only displaced the Native Americans from their homeland but also exploited their resources. The destructive activities of the European colonizers wreaked a rift between Native Americans and their environment. Keeping these issues in view, Momaday depicts in House Made of Dawn the importance of restoring the Native Americans' lost identity by challenging the Euro-Americans' relegation of nature and Native Americans to a lower stratum to be destroyed and dominated. To restore his lost identity and peace of mind, Abel, the protagonist of the novel comes back to the natural world of his forefathers from the exploitative European environment. There search findings indicate the selected novel as a redressing measure to the existing environmental problems and advocates the cause of embracing the lost socio-cultural values of the Natives' ancestors that are rooted in nature. Humanity Publications PhD, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. MPhil, Riphah International University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Government College University Faisalabad, Sub Campus Hafizabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/grappling-with-environmental-crisis-an-ecocritical-study-of-momadays-house-made-of-dawn https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-II).29 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:392016 2021-06-30 glr

Ahmed's Journey into Islam: A Critical Response to the Stereotypical Representation of Muslim Women and Islamic Attires in Western Discourse Muhammad Ijaz Ghulam Murtaza Atha Adrees Islam Misrepresentation Muslim Women Veil Stereotypes Muslim women in western literary and non-literary discourse have been portrayed stereo typically as uneducated, submissive, family-bound, segregated, confined to the harem, doubly marginalized and a threat for western ideology. Akbar Ahmed's Journey into Islam demonstrates Muslim women and their roles in Muslim societies based on different geographical contexts. This article attempts to highlight and challenge the stereotypical representation of Muslim women and the distortion of their social attire,such as the veil in media and academic representations. The veil is interpreted as a fundamentalist practice which is, from a Muslim perspective, a defensive mechanism and an empowering gesture. This article explores the true picture of Muslim women and their active roles in various walks of life. Humanity Publications Lecturer in English, Department of Humanities and Linguistics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of English, GC University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer in English, Department of Humanities and Linguistics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/ahmeds-journey-into-islam-a-critical-response-to-the-stereotypical-representation-of-muslim-women-and-islamic-attires-in-western-discourse https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-II).30 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:392017 2021-06-30 glr

Pragmatic Analysis of Short Story "The New Constitution": Finding the Conventional Implicatures Shunizia Sheikh Shahid Saleem Conventional Implicatures Contextual Meaning Discourse Pragmatic Analysis Short Story Every literary text has some connotative meaning which is beyond the denotative meaning of lexicons used in it. To unveil the hidden aspect of society is the real intuition of author towards coding the text.This research paper aims to analyze the short story "The New Constitution" by Saddat Hassan Manto.The Pragmatic Analysis of text has been chosen as an analytical framework. Pragmatically, text can be analyzed in many ways. In this research, the use of conventional implicatures (rhetorical devices) in the text has been selected as sub theme. The data have been collected from focused reading of the short story "The New Constitution". For this purpose, 50 sentences have been extracted from the text and the frequencies of the respective implicatures (rhetorical devices) have been noted. The present study meets the determined objectives which have been observed while writing this paper. Contextual inspiration of the text has also been explained which is only possible by finding these rhetorics. Humanity Publications M.Phil. English Linguistics, Department of English, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil. English Linguistics, Department of English, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/pragmatic-analysis-of-short-story-the-new-constitution-finding-the-conventional-implicatures https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-II).31 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:392018 2021-06-30 glr

Gregor's Father: A Confirmation of the Oedipal Complex Saddam Ul Islam Farman Elahi Kiran Qamar Metamorphosis Oedipus Complex Freud Kafka Unconscious Psychoanalysis Confirmation The present study aims to analyze Franz Kafka's work, The Metamorphosis, in terms of the psychoanalytical theory of Sigmund Freud. According to the theory, the Oedipus complex indicates the feelings and thoughts that the brain keeps oblivious, to through powerful constraint, that concentrates upon a boy's longing to have his mom physically and sexually. The metamorphosis is the sensation of Gregor's internal world, the one which is portrayed by Kafka is the universe of obliviousness. Freud characterized the unconscious as a place wherein our stifled wills, sentiments, abhorrence, drives, and clashes are held. The focus of this study is not on Gregor; it is rather on his father as a confirmation of the Oedipus complex. The study finds that Gregor is perceived by his father, in his unconscious, as a rival who has come between him and his wife. To get rid of him, the father hits him with an apple, due to which Gregor dies. The father is relaxed now. Getting a new job, he starts a fresh life and takes his family on a picnic Humanity Publications M.Phil. Scholar, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Department of English, University of Buner, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Women University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/gregors-father-a-confirmation-of-the-oedipal-complex https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-II).32 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:392019 2021-12-30 glr

Reservations Chronicle: The Interplay of Real and Imaginary Places in Louise Erdrich's Tracks Fasih ur Rehman Rao Aisha Sadiq Atta-ul-Mustafa Louise Erdrich Native American Topography Place Space Spatiality Spatiality occupies pivotal status in the thematic orientation of Native American literature. Native American male writers in general and female writers, in particular consider the issues of space and place with reference to issues of identity, separation and conflict with Euro-Americans. The present paper aims to study the portrayal of real and imaginary places in Louise Erdrich's Tracks. The study maintains that Erdrich infuses energy into the places portrayed in the novel. Hence, places do not remain static or flat rather; they assume dynamic characteristics that not only trigger action but also become a character in the development of the plot. The present study concludes that textual and imagined places should not be taken as mere portrayals of topographic structures; rather, they explain the socio-cultural paradigm of a given social order. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Khushal Khan Khattak University, Karak, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Institute of Southern Punjab, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Humanities & Linguistics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/reservations-chronicle-the-interplay-of-real-and-imaginary-places-in-louise-erdrichs-tracks https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-III).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 3 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:392020 2021-12-30 glr

In Search of Ideographs: Exploring the Rhetorical Landscape of Inaugural Speeches in Pakistan (1947 - 2018) Muhammad Amjad Ayaz Afsar Genre Ideograph Ideographic Criticism Inaugural Speech McGee This article explores ideographs in the inaugural speeches of Heads of State/Government of Pakistan from the country’s founding in 1947 to 2018 – the time of the latest inaugural speeches in Pakistan’s political history. The data was collected from multiple sources, mostly official. A total of fifty-eight speeches were analyzed, which contained 124,363 words—averaging 2,144 words apiece. The study was qualitative in nature and employed McGee’s framework of Ideographic Criticism for data analysis. Setting ‘ideograph’ as a unit of analysis, the study carried out repeated close readings of the speeches. The analysis involved five steps: identification, translation (in case of Urdu speeches), categorization, contextualization and interpretation. Thus, in all 493 ideographs (both positive and negative) were identified in the speeches. While analysis of such a large number of ideographs was practically impossible, only 58 ideographs (47 positive and 11 negative), which had a frequency of 10 or above in both English and Urdu speeches taken together or in either of the languages, were analyzed diachronically. This study is the first attempt of its kind in the context of Pakistan and contributes at four levels: Theory, Method, Genre and Context. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Professor/Vice President (Academics), International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan 2021-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/in-search-of-ideographs-exploring-the-rhetorical-landscape-of-inaugural-speeches-in-pakistan-1947-2018 https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-III).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 3 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:392021 2021-12-30 glr

Marginalization In Hussain's The Desolate City: A Postcolonial Critique Kaniz Fatima Muhammad Yousaf Rahim Kanzah Musaddiq Marginalization Colonization Dynamic Model Postcolonial Literature Orientalism This study amalgamates the subjects of World Englishes, Postcolonial Literature and Trauma Literature. Colonization results in restraining the locals on their own homeland, depriving them of the basic necessities and their social, economic and religious rights. The current study has attempted at finding such elements in Indo-Pak Postcolonial Literature of post War of Independence 1857 from the manuscript of The Desolate City by Intizar Hussain translated by Mujahid Eshai, where the plight of the locals of the city of Delhi is accounted. This study has incorporated the textual method utilizing multi-model analysis through the lens of the proposition of Edgar W. Schneider's Dynamic Model of Postcolonial Outer Circle Englishes (2018) and Edward Said's Orientalism (1979). The study has found that despite being in their own homeland, the British power has marginalized the locals either linguistically, economically, religiously or socially. Moreover, apart from the locals being affected, this plight has also affected the former ruling family and royalty. Humanity Publications Visiting Lecturer, Department of English, Lahore College for Women University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Faculty of English, National University of Modern Languages (NUML), Islamabad Capital Territory, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/marginalization-in-hussains-the-desolate-city-a-postcolonial-critique https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-III).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 3 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:392022 2021-12-30 glr

Oral Approach and Lyrical change in Ho Jamalo Ahsan Ali Aneela Sultana Oral Myth Tradition Variation Dialects Ho Jamalo Sindhi Poetry This article deals with the oral myths that originated on Ho Jamalo, variations in these myths with time, and the practicality of myths in society. This study aims to address how the oral myths on Ho Jamalo are different from the written myths or oral myths that have been transmitted through written myths. Secondly, at what level myths of Ho Jamalo have practically affected the social events. Though myth is "A traditional story, especially one concerning the early history of a people or explaining a natural or social phenomenon, and typically involving supernatural beings or events," they are the informal tradition in traditional stories. Keeping up this in view, the Myths about Ho Jamalo many are connected with an old society event. Variation in myths has constructed a change, so the lyrics and lyrical change with reference to different stories and dialects. Humanity Publications Student, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2021-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/oral-approach-and-lyrical-change-in-ho-jamalo https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-III).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 3 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:392023 2021-12-30 glr

A Critical Discourse Analysis of the Marriage Certificate (Nikah Nama) in Pakistan Jabreel Asghar CDA Stereotype Reinforcement Language and Power Biased Language Gender Perspectives This research paper looks at the language use to exploit and propagate certain stereotypes imposing on the parties involved in the institution of marriage. A critical discourse analysis with a field, tenor, mode approach uncovers how bride and bridegroom are deprived of their consents on various issues and are socially forced to accept the assumptions created by prevalent social norms. The study exposes how the use of certain discourses and lexical choices restrict the participants to overlook or discard other options which could be otherwise legally and religiously granted to them. The study emphasizes that the current marriage certificate (Nikah Nama) needs to be thoroughly revised in order to eliminate language exploitation and allow both parties to be well aware and exercise their rights before giving their consent in good faith, predetermined by the social taboos. Humanity Publications Faculty Member, Higher Colleges of Technology, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. 2021-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-critical-discourse-analysis-of-the-marriage-certificate-nikah-nama-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-III).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 3 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:392024 2021-12-30 glr

Language Attrition and its Impact on Culture - A Case of Saraiki in Dera Ghazi Khan Region Muhammad Riaz Aneela Gill Sara Shahbaz Language Attrition Minority Language Identity Culture Socio-Economic Factors Socio-Cultural Factors Language attrition is primarily the loss of language and subsequently the loss of culture and identity. A number of languages have become extinct, and many languages of the world are near extinction. This study analyzes the impact of language attrition on Saraiki and its culture in the D. G. Khan region. This research takes into consideration two domains of language use: home and university. Paradis's (2004) Activated Threshold Hypothesis (ATH) supplemented with Bot, Lowie & Verspoor's (2007) Dynamic Systems Theory (DST) has been adopted as a theoretical framework. The mixed-method approach has been used, and a sample of 100 respondents was selected from the target population. The respondents were instructed to define certain Saraiki vocabulary items, and their responses were recorded. The findings show that socio-economic, socio-cultural, socio-political and socio-demographic factors are responsible for the language attrition of Saraiki and the subsequent impact on the culture of the speakers in the selected locale. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Bahadur Sub-campus (Layyah), Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, National University of Modern Languages (NUML), Islamabad, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Women University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/language-attrition-and-its-impact-on-culture-a-case-of-saraiki-in-dera-ghazi-khan-region https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-III).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 3 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:392025 2021-12-30 glr

A Comparative Study of the Teaching Methodologies Employed by English Language Teachers in Private and Public Sector Schools Amna Zahra Ayesha Butt Sadia Rafique Teaching Practices Teaching Methodologies English as a Foreign Language The aim of the study was to make a comparison between the teaching methodologies employed by English language teachers at public and private sector schools at primary level. Foreign language teaching methodologies has become a much-discussed phenomena and has been given immense importance from the last few decades, however, it still needs development in teaching practices. The data for the present study were collected in the form of semi-structured interviews, which were related to the objectives and research questions. The target population of the study was primary level teachers of Lahore, Punjab (Pakistan), while the sample of the study was comprised of primary level teachers of a public and private sector school in Lahore. The results of the study indicated that the teachers of the public sector schools were mostly relying on the structural methods of language teaching, whereas the teachers of the private sector schools were using blended methods. Humanity Publications Research Scholar, Lahore College for Women University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Lahore College for Women University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, National University of Modern Languages, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-comparative-study-of-the-teaching-methodologies-employed-by-english-language-teachers-in-private-and-public-sector-schools https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-III).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 3 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:392026 2021-12-30 glr

A Discourse on the American Neoconservatives' Approach in the Context of Postmodernism Fakhr ul Munir Shaukat Nida Zahid Postmodernism Neoconservatives Leo Strauss Derrida Nietzsche Theory of Epistemology Theory of Deconstruction Iraq Weapon of Mass Destruction Noble Lie Multiple concepts are compatible between the Neocons and postmodernists. i.e., The concept presented by Leo Strauss of "Noble Lie," if we further dissect this concept, shows how compatible and similar with the reality-free world of the postmodern philosophers. According to postmodernism, we have no objective reality exists in this world as it is relative, and everyone sees it according to his understanding.This thesis becomes apparent when studying Nietzsche's critique against Juan Stuart Mill. Nietzsche has denounced Mill's concept of a universal and objective Moral system. As Nietzsche says, I abhor this man's vulgarity when he says, "what is right for one man is right for another man." It shows that all postmodern philosophers and Nietzsche were of the same view. Humanity Publications Demonstrator, Department of Political Science, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Political Science, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Qurtaba University, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan 2021-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-discourse-on-the-american-neoconservatives-approach-in-the-context-of-postmodernism https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-III).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 3 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:392027 2021-12-30 glr

Anticolonial Visions and Fictional Versions: A Comparative Study of American and Indian Postcolonial Novels Saleem Akhtar Khan Waheed Ahmad Khan Imran Ali Anticolonial America India Representation Postcolonial Novels The research juxtaposes two of the prominent postcolonial literary discourses produced by the nations that resisted the colonial encroachments militarily and, ultimately, gained their independence from the British imperial clutch, America and India. The selected literary works are replete with retrospective representations of the historical landmarks and laden with future ideological aspirations regarding national glory. Remaining awake to the perplexing verisimilitude of postcolonial works of literature, the study aims to explain the pivotal nexus that links the divergent discourses, that is, the anti colonial élan.For the accomplishment of the comparative analysis, two of the novels have been chosen, one for each country, to represent the respective version of resistance: Jeff Shaara's The Glorious Cause (2002) from an array of the American fictional narratives and Basavaraj Naikar's The Sun behind the Cloud (2001)from the Indian anglophone fiction. After outlining the belligerent disposition of these novels, their thematic schemas have been compared and contrasted to make the post coloniality of these polemical fictions manifest. It has been made explicit that the novels are essentially similar in their counter-discursive character and dissemination of the anti colonial sentiment despite some peripheral differences. Thus, these novels contribute to the broader postcolonial continuum that comprehensively accommodates varying versions of the textual resistance. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Head Department of English, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Head of (Linguistics), University of Haripur, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of (Linguistics), University of Haripur, KP, Pakistan. 2021-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/anticolonial-visions-and-fictional-versions-a-comparative-study-of-american-and-indian-postcolonial-novels https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-III).09 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 3 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:392028 2021-12-30 glr

The Effects of Technology on the Oral Communication Skills of Undergraduate ESL Learners Urooj Fatima Zeeshan Farid Muhammad Tayyab ESL Oral Communication Technology The purpose of this study was to find out how oral communication skills can be improved with the use of technology. In the results obtained, it is noticed that students and teachers both said that oral communication skills could be improved by using the technology, but they do not use it in the universities of Karachi. This study made use of questionnaires and interviews in order to find a methodology to find out different reasons why technology should be used to improve the oral communication skills of ESL students. The research was conducted with 100 ESL students, followed by interviews with eight teachers of different universities in Karachi. After carrying out the investigation and looking at the responses of the respondents, it can be concluded that technology positively influences the oral communication skills of the students. After looking at the results, it can be said that technology (such as projector-based teaching, watching TV, films, and video calls) positively impacts the oral communication skills of ESL students. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan Research Assistant, Department of Education, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan Research Assistant, Department of Education, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan 2021-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/the-effects-of-technology-on-the-oral-communication-skills-of-undergraduate-esl-learners https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-III).10 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 3 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:392029 2021-12-30 glr

Women Representation in Pakistani Television Dramas: A Critical Discourse Analysis Aisha Arshad Chaudhry Rana Imran Ali Zakia Aslam Critical Discourse Analysis Fairclough's Three-dimensional Model (1995) Pakistani Television Dramas Women's Representation The current study aims to investigate the representation of women in Pakistani television dramas that reflect the female stereotypical image of women in society. The drama discourse is analyzed through the lens of the critical discourse analysis model by Fairclough (1995). The study explores that women represented in Pakistani dramas are bold or assertive, or they are restricted to conventional norms by male-oriented society. The methodological approach adopted to analyze is suitable to study the independent and dependent variables. The critical discourse analysis model is applied to describe,explain, and interpret the drama discourse. For data analysis, three dramas, “Cheekh” and “Khaani,”have been selected from different Private television channels to ensure the validity of the analysis. The leading female roles in these dramas confront the feminist issues in a patriarchal society. Even in this modern era, Pakistani women are still struggling against odds for injustice and equality, where male-dominated culture is challenging as ever for women to survive. This research will help researchers to work on the different themes of television dramas related to feminist issues. Humanity Publications Faculty of English, Virtual University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Faculty of English, Virtual University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Faculty of English, Virtual University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/women-representation-in-pakistani-television-dramas-a-critical-discourse-analysis https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-III).11 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 3 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:392030 2021-12-30 glr

The Fall of Macbeth: A Psychological Inquiry into the Case of Corrupting Power Umar Hayat Qaisar Waheed Nasir Iqbal Temptation Wield Renaissance Qualitative Inordinate The research paper investigates how authority, power, and position are the words that denote the god-like status of a person in the world and it has often been seen that when people come to power, they face the temptation of abusing their power for the achievement of unrestrained personal desires. This research is qualitative research carried out within the framework of Renaissance literature and its link with psychological reflections upon Renaissance fiction and history. It is premised upon an explanatory and interpretative analysis of the chosen text Macbeth. The present study aims to explore in-depth the socio-psychological factors that nurture such a mentality through the textual analysis of Macbeth, a play universally recognized for the study of the disastrous upshot of inordinate ambitions.The study is an exploration of the nature of evil in Macbeth, the evil of immoderate ambition planted in the mind of Macbeth, an army General in the kingdom of King Duncan, by his exceptional lyambitious wife, Lady Macbeth, who aspires her husband to become King of Scotland by hook or by crook even if he had to wreak havoc in the lives of all those who stand in the way of her ambition. Humanity Publications Lecturer in English, Government Guru Nanak Post Graduate College Nankana Sahib Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor (English), Government Guru Nanak Post Graduate College Nankana Sahib Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer in English, Government Guru Nanak Post Graduate College Nankana Sahib Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/the-fall-of-macbeth-a-psychological-inquiry-into-the-case-of-corrupting-power https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-III).12 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 3 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:392031 2021-01-30 glr

Study of Lexical Variation between Dhani and Majhi Punjabi Wasim Hasan Arshad Ali Khan Dhani Dialect Lexical Variation Majhi Abstract The present study highlights lexical variation in Dhani and Majhi dialects of Punjabi language spoken in Pakistani Punjab that may lead to a communication gap. It focuses on the description of vocabulary differences of words of daily use. It is partly qualitative and partly quantitative research, which was conducted through a survey. Data were collected from thirty participants (15 speakers from each variety) from Chakwal district of Rawalpindi Division and Sheikhupura, Nankana Sahib districts of Lahore Division in Punjab province, Pakistan. It was collected through a word list consisting of two hundred and sixty vocabulary items that are used in daily conversation. Results retrieved from analysis of the collected data show that two hundred and nine Dhani words, i-e 80 %, do not exist in Majhi variety at all and have their alternatives in Majhi whereas, fifty-one words i-e 20 % exist but are pronounced differently in Majhi. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of Linguistics and Communications, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of Linguistics and Communications, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/study-of-lexical-variation-between-dhani-and-majhi-punjabi https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-IV).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Conversation Analysis and the Negotiation of Gender Identity in Pakistani Multil.. Rabia Faiz Azhar Pervaiz Faheem Arshad Conversation Analysis Gender Identity Peer Discourse The current study attempts to address the negotiation of gender identity in the Pakistani multilingual context to explore the gender identity of male and female speakers through conversation features of opening, topic shifting, interruptions, and silence. The recorded and transcribed data of six peers in an academic setting in the University of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan, is analyzed in the light of the list of commonly occurring features of masculine and feminine talk suggested by Holmes (2006). The study reveals that men and women exhibit varied verbal behavior and negotiate their identities through discourse. The stance taken in this paper is that of respecting the differences among genders without labeling their talk as inferior or superior. The paper lays an early brick to the present repository of research in gender and language because the conversation analysis in the Pakistani multilingual context is still an area that needs further exploration. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan Lecturer, Department of English, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/conversation-analysis-and-the-negotiation-of-gender-identity-in-pakistani-multilingual https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-IV).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Language as Power: Construction of Social Reality on Riffat Abbas Poetry "A Dream on the Intersection of Past and Future" Rafida Nawaz Syed Hussain Murtaza Muqarab Akbar Power Poetic Expression Social Reality Civilization Multan The poetic approach to constructing social reality is a significant source of reflection on the lived experience of voiceless ordinary men and women. Poetic expression becomes a source of power and resistance expressed through language. Social reality expressed in poetry constructs a vision of history beyond time. The civilization al heritage of Multan dates back to the time of Rag Ved. The City's riches attracted many conquerors, subdued but never defeated. As Poet himself is the product of land and culture, Riff at Abbas's poetry expresses all the imprints that land has carved on his Cognition. His poetry represents the phenomena of continuity and preservation of cultural heritage in the face of all historical upheavals. The paper aims to analyze the social reality constructed in Riff at Abbas's poetry opting for the method of discourse analysis given by Mitchel Foucault to study the progressive trends on social attributes, societal relations, and socio-political system. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Department of Political Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Professor/Chairman, Department of Political Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/language-as-power-construction-of-social-reality-on-riffat-abbas-poetry-a-dream-on-the-intersection-of-past-and-future https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-IV).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 4 Pakistan

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The Use of Technological Gadgets by English Language Students: A Study at University Level in Southern Punjab Pakistan Abdul Khaliq Muhammad Raes Rasheed Ahmad Technological Gadgets English Language Students University Southern Punjab Pakistan Using technological gadgets for the learning process is now important. Information technology plays an important role in the study of English as a foreign language. The current study determines the advantages and ease of use of technological devices offered by South Punjab Universities as teaching aids. The study also looked at student fulfillment and emphasized the difficulties met by English-speaking pupils in using these means. It was a blended technique study in which a survey was applied to collect the data. Members were 170 male and female understudies from the Faculty of English and Translation Studies. The discoveries show that technical gadgets are exceptionally helpful and adaptable to utilize. The understudies were happy with the innovative hardware. Unexpectedly, a few understudies announced encountering various issues, like web issues, absence of abilities, and absence of direction programs. Ends and suggestions on the utilization of these assets are given. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Social and Allied Sciences, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan Lecturer in English, Government Associate College Kamoke, Gujranwala, Punjab, Pakistan. Visiting Lecturer, Department of English Literature, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/the-use-of-technological-gadgets-by-english-language-students-a-study-at-university-level-in-southern-punjab-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-IV).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 4 Pakistan

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An Analysis of the Political Slogans in Pakistan from the Perspective of Rhetoric Aiman Gul Akram Liaqat Iqbal Persuasive Language Slogans Political Slogans Rhetoric The skillful usage of language by politicians in a persuasive manner holds great significance in the politics of democratic states. This paper attempts to study the diplomatic use of catchy and attractive political slogans to convince the voters to vote for them. Political slogans chanted in the processions of Pakistan Tehreek-i-Insaf (PTI) and Pakistan Muslim League-Noon (PML-N) during the 2018 general election campaign were recorded. These slogans served as the data which was analyzed from the perspective of rhetoric by using Hosu and Pavelea’s (2009) model. It was revealed that political slogans are composed persuasively by employing various rhetorical devices like rhyme, alliteration, repetition,synonyms, antonyms, statements, commands, questions, negative, optative sentences. It was also found that political slogans play an important role in convincing and gaining public support. Moreover, these slogans are tactfully formulated as linguistic means for propagating the ideas and visions of politicians. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Women University Mardan, KP, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/an-analysis-of-the-political-slogans-in-pakistan-from-the-perspective-of-rhetoric https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-IV).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Exploring Spelling Errors in Extemporaneous Essays: A Case Study of Pakistani University EFL Learners Saeed Ahmed Lehri Niaz Hussain Soomro Zahid Hussain Pathan Spelling Errors Error Analysis Omission Substitution Insertion Transposition Cook's Taxonom Spelling competence is an integral part of a good written communication in English. EFL learners,nonetheless, face difficulties in spelling correctly. This study explored the spelling errors of EFL university students in Baluchistan - Pakistan. With a qualitative case study research design, the data were obtained through extemporaneously written essays by a sample of 117 participants analyzing spelling errors through Cook's (1997) taxonomy focusing the most common types of English spelling errors. The findings ranked four types of spelling errors as: first, omission (37.24percent); second,substitution (31.01percent); third, insertion (25percent); and fourth, transposition (07 percent) errors in order of occurrence. The study suggests to pedagogical and curriculum considerations to support learners to cope with spelling errors with a further need to study spelling errors in changing and technology enhanced learning environments. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, English Language Centre, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Department of English Linguistics, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan Assistant Professor, English Language Centre, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/exploring-spelling-errors-in-extemporaneous-essays-a-case-study-of-pakistani-university-efl-learners https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-IV).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Computational Stylistic Analysis of Oscar Wilde's The Selfish Giant Sabahat Tariq Qureshi Naveed Ahmad Taseer Shabir Ullah Stylistics AntConc Oscar Wilde The Selfish Gaint Leech and Short A language is a communication tool for sharing ideas, emotions, and thoughts in spoken or writtenform. Writers use different linguistic structures to communicate their views for specific meanings.Stylistics aims at exploring such use of language to explore different lexical categories. The linguisticmodel of Leech and Short (2007) reveals the descriptive and interpretive nature of these lexicalcategories in Oscar Wilde’s (1888) ‘The Selfish Giant’ with the help of a computational tool known as AntConc. The mixed-method analysis of lexical categories shows the writer’s artistry to employdifferent lexical items with different frequencies to give meaning to the text. Six lexical categories withfrequency of 1490 were categorized as, 615 nouns (41 Percent), 336 verbs (23 Percent), 293 conjunctions (20 Percent), 137 adverbs (9 Percent), 91 adjectives (6 Percent), and 18 particles (1 Percent). Humanity Publications Research Scholar, Department of English, National University of Modern Languages (NUML), Islamabad, Pakistan. MPhil English, Department of English, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan MPhil Scholar, Department of English, Qurtuba University of Science and Information Technology, Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/computational-stylistic-analysis-of-oscar-wildes-the-selfish-giant https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-IV).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Who I Am: Mapping the Reciprocity between Identity Gaps and Interpersonal Relationships in Kartography Faheem Arshad Nimra Nawaz Inayatullah Kakepoto Identity Identity Gaps Personal-relational Identity Kartography This study aims to explore the notion of identity from a post-modernist perspective in the novel,‘Kartography’ by Kamila Shamsie. The concept of identity and its multifarious uptakes in varied fields of study have been revealing to understand the complexity embedded in this notion. The concept of identity and its diverse uptakes in varied study fields reveal the need to know the complexity embedded in this notion. Data of the study were selected from novel passages. Discourse Analysis (DA) and Michael Hecht’s ‘Communication Theory of Identity were used as a theoretical framework for the study.This theory explains the concept of identity from the postmodernist perspective and describes four layers of identity, for instance, personal, relational, enacted, and communal. It examines the personal-relational and personal-enacted identity gaps in the characters of the novel under the study. Findings exhibit that novel characters undergo personal-relational and personal-enacted identity gaps, and these gaps negatively influence their interpersonal relationships. Hence, the inherent fluidity of identity has been demonstrated in novel characters Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan Research Student, Department of English, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. Professor, Department of English, Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering Science & Technology, Nawabshah, Sindh, Pakistan 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/who-i-am-mapping-the-reciprocity-between-identity-gaps-and-interpersonal-relationships-in-kartography https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-IV).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 4 Pakistan

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A Comparative Study of L2 Motivation of English and Chinese Languages using Dornyei's L2 Motivational Self System Framework at University Level Students Muhammad Faisal Rana Imran Ali Muhammad Imran Ideal L2 self Ought to L2 self and L2 Learning Experience The objective of this study is to find out the contribution of Dörnyei’s L2 motivational self-system framework for English and Chinese language learning motivation. It has been used as a conceptual model to find the motivation level of language learners. The study was conducted using the quantitative research approach. The sample comprised 100 English language learners and 100 Chinese language learners belonging to the public institutes of Dist. Lahore. Data was collected using two quantitative survey questionnaires. One questionnaire was used for the learners of the English language, and the other one was used for the learners of the Chinese language. The analysis of the data was done through SPSS software to find the answers to the study. The findings revealed that “L2 learning experience and Ideal L2 self” are the significant contributors to English language learning motivation rather than “ought to L2 self”. In contrary to that, “Ideal L2 self”, “ought to l2 self," and “L2 learning experience” is not the strongest contributor of Chinese language learning as compared to the English language. The findings recommend that students’ motivation can be enhanced by teaching quality of language learning centers and associated teachers should utilize various motivational techniques such as “ideal L2 self, ought toL2 self and L2 learning experience” to inspire their students to learn English and Chinese language effectively. Humanity Publications Faculty English, Department of English, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Faculty English, Department of English, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Schools of Foreign Languages, Shanghai University, China. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-comparative-study-of-l2-motivation-of-english-and-chinese-languages-using-dornyeis-l2-motivational-self-system-framework-at-university-level-students- https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-IV).09 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 4 Pakistan

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War and Politics on Water: An Eco-Critical Critique of Animation Movie Rango Umar Hayat Nasir Iqbal Muhammad Asif Nadeem Rango Feminist Ecofeminism Semiotics Since its release, critics have evaluated 'Rango' from technical, artistic, thematic, psychological and feminist perspectives. However, the role and purpose of nature in 'Rango' remains unexplored. This study, from an eco critical perspective, aims to discover the aqua politics of the elite to exploit the local community through controlling water resources. This qualitative research is carried out within the framework of literary and semiotic, fiction and history of the genre, animated movies. It is premised upon an explanatory and interpretative analysis of the chosen movie. The current research also evaluates the impact of water politics on the construction of individual identities. In addition, there search looks at issues of Eco feminism addressed in the movie. After watching the movie and reading the text of that movie, semiotical and close readings have been applied to explore the water politics,aqua politics, and Eco feminism. The study concludes that in the contemporary technological advance area in which other than super-power of the world, like America, Russia and China, the other less powerful yet potentially threatening countries of the world that possess weapons of mass destruction can prove highly dangerous for the world peace and, while the water resources are assuming prime importance in developing the energy resources of different countries. Humanity Publications Lecturer in English, Government Guru Nanak Graduate College, Nankana Sahib, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer in English, Government Guru Nanak Graduate College, Nankana Sahib, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer in English, Superior College Nankana Sahib, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/war-and-politics-on-water-an-ecocritical-critique-of-animation-movie-rango https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-IV).10 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Examining the Functions of Graphological Deviation in Redeeming Love by Francine Rivers Aisha Naseem Mubina Talaat Graphological Deviation Stylistic Variant Normative Choice Inspirational Fiction Stylistic Value The way Rivers presents her content in her renowned novel “Redeeming Love” is the motivation behind this research. Francine Rivers has used graphological deviation in this novel in a very innovative way-which not only invokes specific effects but marks her style as well. So, the paper attempts to examine the functions this stylistic technique has performed in this novel. For the analysis, a mixed-method approach has been used, where preference is given to qualitative data. Techniques and strategies of presentation and analysis of data are borrowed from Leech and Short (2007) and Michael Tool an (2014). The analysis reveals that the author has consciously used graphological deviation in this novel to complement her linguistic choices. She has used bold plus italic typeface to represent the voice of God,bold typeface to represent Satan’s voice, italics to highlight significant utterances and deviant full stop to give phonological realization to specific messages. Humanity Publications Department of English, The Women University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Department of English, The Women University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/examining-the-functions-of-graphological-deviation-in-redeeming-love-by-francine-rivers https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-IV).11 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 4 Pakistan

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The Emergent Self: A Psychosocial Study of Identity, Memory, and Trauma in The Kite Runner Rabea Tahir Abbas Imran Ali Aleena Rasheed Memory Trauma Psychological Violence Identity This study aims at examining the impact of trauma from a psycho-social perspective, with a specific focus on the issues of psychological violence leading to social oppression, identity formation, and disenfranchisement of characters in Khaled Hosseini's The Kite Runner. The purpose of the psychosocial approach is to "express the recognition that there is always a close, ongoing circular interaction between an individual's psychological state and his or her social environment" (Agger 2001:307). Most of the research catering the "Afghan" problem has been from the political viewpoint, with little or no insight into psycho-social perspective dealing with identity, ethnicity, memory and gender.Since trauma is rooted in individual as well as collective forms of identity, it may affect the process of both collective and personal identity formation. This research will explore the common themes of trauma and suffering with respect to episodes of fear and violence in the book. Humanity Publications Tutor/Instructor, Department of English, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Head of Department, Department of English, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Tutor/Instructor, Department of English, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/the-emergent-self-a-psychosocial-study-of-identity-memory-and-trauma-in-the-kite-runner https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-IV).12 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Politeness in the Realization of Requests in a Multilingual Setting: An Interlanguage Study of English Language Learners in Pakistan Muhammad Farooq Alam Rooh Ul Amin Muhammad Umar Razaq Request Strategies Politeness Speech Acts Pragmatic Competence This paper aims to examine the notions of politeness in the context of the most repeated strategies of request that the Pakistani undergraduate English language learners (ELLs) articulate in multilingual classrooms. Guided by the qualitative research design, sixty ELLs comprising two different ethnic groups (Siraiki-speaking and Pashto-speaking) served as the participants. Selected through purposive sampling from a university in Pakistan, the data are collected through discourse completion tasks, role plays, and focus group discussion. Analyzed according to the taxonomy of cross-cultural speech acts realization patterns for requests, the findings of the study reveal that Pakistani ELLs used conventionally indirect requests commonly than supplementary strategies, which were executed through certain traits of politeness. To furnish ELLs with pragmatic competence, this study suggests a few key strategies needed for both in terms of pedagogical practice in Pakistani multilingual classrooms. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, National University of Modern Languages, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Professor, Department of English, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil. Scholar, Department of English, National University of Modern Languages, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/politeness-in-the-realization-of-requests-in-a-multilingual-setting-an-interlanguage-study-of-english-language-learners-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-IV).13 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 4 Pakistan

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The Alchemy of Spirituality: A Comparative Analysis of Rumi and Shelley's Poems The Alchemy of Love and Hymn to Intellectual Beauty Munnzza Noreen Rana Imran Ali Amna Romaisa Saeed Beloved Divine Intellectual Beauty Poetic Ideologies Spirit Transcendental Existence A Comparative Study that aims to highlight the mystic notions and the similarities within the poetic approaches of the poets: Rumi and Shelley with reference to their poems The Alchemy of Love (1926) and Hymn to Intellectual Beauty (1817). The Alchemy of Love by Rumi and Hymn to Intellectual Beauty by Shelley can be seen as profound echoes of spirituality. The study's analytical framework, by implementing Osho's spiritual (mystic) philosophy, endeavors to illustrate the similarities and dissimilarities in their ideological beliefs and the rationale behind them by keeping in view their unique spiritual dimensions. The mystic ideas shared by the two poets diminish the cultural, religious, and geographical differences, expressing that spirituality pervades far beyond these limited boundaries of human intellect. This study encourages comparative examination of Eastern and Western poets and is capable enough to open new horizons for research in the realm of World literature across the globe. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of English, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Faculty of English, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil English Literature, Lahore Leads University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/the-alchemy-of-spirituality-a-comparative-analysis-of-rumi-and-shelleys-poems-the-alchemy-of-love-and-hymn-to-intellectual-beauty- https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-I).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Instructors Tackling Grammar Issues in an Integrated English language teaching program at ELC in Umma Al-Qura University Shaukat Khan Adnan Rashid Sheikh Vocational Strength Collective Assistance Grammatical Rules Integrated Teaching Programs This paper aims to find out the effectiveness of integrated teaching programs and their benefits of tackling grammatical issues of EFL students. Grammar issues have become an unavoidable concern for language instructors. It unlocks teachers’ views, attitudes and perceptions about integrated teaching programs and language complexities in production and reception by EFL students. Grammar increases vocational strengths through using appropriate structures. It has been unfolded that instructors have indicated the usefulness of integrated teaching programs to tackle students’ structural problems. Instructors concluded that the emergence of issues related to grammar could be explained through integrated programs based on their experience and knowledge. A questionnaire has been used to get instructors’ views and attitudes about integrated teaching programs. The research revealed that integrated teaching programs [IETPS] are helpful to decrease learners’ grammar issues. Investigating instructors’ experiences and doing interactions with EFL students in classes, teachers negotiated and reflected positive views about tackling grammar issues. Humanity Publications English Language Center, Umm Al-Qura University, MAKKAH, Saudi Arabia. English Language Center, Umm Al-Qura University, MAKKAH, Saudi Arabia 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/instructors-tackling-grammar-issues-in-an-integrated-english-language-teaching-program-at-elc-in-umma-alqura-university https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-I).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Communication Skills across Engineering Curriculum: A Case Study Inayatullah Kakepoto Abdullah Laghari Tania Laghari Curriculum Communication Skills Industry Engineering Universities Effective communication skills occupy key importance in the world of work. This study aimed to investigate the standing of communication skills courses in the engineering curriculum taught to engineering students. Additionally, it assessed whether all engineering departments implement the same credit hour course for engineering departments. The data collection source was Prospectus-2021 of Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering, Science and Technology Nawabshah. Discourse Analysis was the data analysis method. Findings exhibit that communication skills are taught as a single subject in the university and some engineering departments implement it as a 2-credithour and some 3-credit hour course. Unexpectedly, the department of chemical engineering implements it as(1) credit only. Findings endorse employers’ concerns that engineering graduates passing out from engineering universities are not ready for industry jobs.Research results would guide engineering universities of Pakistan to revisit engineering communication skills courses to bring them at par with industry skill needs. Humanity Publications Professor, Department of English, Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering Science and Technology, Nawabshah, Sindh, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering Science and Technology, Nawabshah, Sindh, Pakistan. Department of English, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Shaheed Benazirabad, Nawabshah, Sindh, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/communication-skills-across-engineering-curriculum-a-case-study https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-I).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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A Narratological Study of Actions in My Ancestor's House Umar -ud -Din Muhammad Saleem Muhammad Umer Azim Bina Sharif My Ancestor's House Shlomith Rimmon-Kenan Narratology This study investigates Bina Sharif’s play My Ancestor’s House in the light of the narratologicalnotion of action as a character trait. Shlomith Rimmon-Kenan (2002) insinuates that fictional characters are propelled by two types of actions: one-time actions and habitual actions. Routinized activities of characters betray their constant qualities which a relabeled as their static dimensions. These fossilized aspects, in degrees, begin to appear unexciting,ridiculous, and ironic. On the other hand, one-time actions of the literary characters showcase their dynamic self to usher in a turning moment in life. Bina Sharif’s characters not only qualify these definitions but they are also configured in the narratological concept of the act of commission, the act of omission and the contemplated act. The type of action determines the type of patterns that operate as the testimonials of characters. Actions ultimately adopt the symbolic plus ideological color. Humanity Publications Associate Professor of English, Government Graduate College Civil Lines, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan Professor of English, Government Graduate College Township, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan Assistant Professor of English, Government Graduate College Township, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-narratological-study-of-actions-in-my-ancestors-house https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-I).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Comparative Analysis of Communicative Behaviors of Russian and Pakistani Societies for Effective Learning of Russian Language Ekaterina Gavrishyk Sajjad Mubin Bakht Munir Communicative Behavior Communication Competence Language Pakistan Russian Urdu The communicative behavior of people is one of the main concerns of linguistics, which is an established branch of knowledge in the context of intercultural communication. This research paper aims to examine some important features of the communicative behavior of the Russian and Pakistani societies. Interviews were conducted with survey participants who were well aware of Russian and Pakistani norms, culture, and languages. The methodological principle of the contrast of the description of communicative behaviors of both communities was followed, which allowed the most reliable identification and description of both similar and dissimilar signs of the communicative behaviors. Aset of norms and cultural specifics are also identified,which are very important to follow in each culture.Understanding the communicative behavior of both cultures helps improve communication competence and reduces aggression and conflict during communication among native speakers of both languages, especially students studying in exchange programs in both countries. Humanity Publications Institute of Languages and Linguistics (ILL), University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Department of Architectural Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan Institute of Languages and Linguistics (ILL), University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/comparative-analysis-of-communicative-behaviors-of-russian-and-pakistani-societies-for-effective-learning-of-russian-language https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-I).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Metafunctional Analysis of Nominalized Thematic Structures in English and Urdu Humaira Yaqub Ansa Ahsan Mubashir Iqbal Nominalization Theme Rheme Corpus English Urdu The current study discusses the metafunctional diversity of nominalized thematic structures in Achebe’s (1958) English novel, Things Fall Apart and in its Urdu translation, Bikharti Duniya (Ullah, 1991). For statistical measurement, O'Donnell’s (2008) scheme of the UAM Corpus tool has been used to annotate the selected corpus. After annotation, some nominalized themes in English and Urdu have been screened to interpret their grammatical realization, functional significance, thematic progression (McCabe, 1999) and unmotivated displacements of nominalized themes. The results show that the grammatical realization of nominalized themes in English and Urdu varies due to the verbs marked with gender and numbers. Additionally, the English and the Urdu nominalized themes go parallel in theme markedness but the difference is observed when the thematic information units become rhematic information units. Humanity Publications Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan Lecturer, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, University of Narowal, Narowal, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/metafunctional-analysis-of-nominalized-thematic-structures-in-english-and-urdu https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-I).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Impact of Creative Writing Techniques as the Pedagogical Intervention on English Language Writing Skills of Undergraduate Students in Pakistani Universities Abdul Rahman Humaira Irfan Creative Writing Technique Pedagogical Intervention L2 Writing Skills This study unfolds the impact of creative writing technique on improving the writing skills of a public sector university’ fifty undergraduates studying English language-related course, but their writing skills' proficiency is not up to the mark because of their use of L1 in learning other courses. The researchers held a pre-test to know grammatical, spelling, and overall syntactical errors. Later on, a series of lectures on how to minimize errors in English by using L2 was organized and eventually, a post-test was taken to know the results of the creative writing technique as a pedagogical intervention on learners’ writing skills. The findings reflect that the creative writing technique as a pedagogical intervention in L2 improves writing skills of the students at the undergraduate level if the use of L1 is minimized. In the light of the results, the study suggests that this approach is helpful in improving undergraduates’ English Language writing proficiency. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar in English (Linguistics), Department of English, Division of Arts and Social Sciences, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor of English, Department of English, Division of Arts and Social Sciences, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/impact-of-creative-writing-techniques-as-the-pedagogical-intervention-on-english-language-writing-skills-of-undergraduate-students-in-pakistani-univers https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-I).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Challenges in the Implementation of Communicative Language Teaching in Azad Kashmir Ishfaq Aurangzeb Shahida Khalique Arshad Ali Khan Communicative Language Teaching Form Function Structure This study investigated challenges faced by EFL teachers in the execution of communicative language teaching (henceforth CLT) at the elementary level in Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK), Pakistan. The sample for this study consists of 30 EFL teachers from ten elementary schools in Muzaffarabad. The data was collected in two phases, starting with quantitative data collection through questionnaires, followed by qualitative data collection through interviews. The collected data was analyzed statistically through frequencies and percentages. It was found that the EFL teachers in AJK are aware of the basic principles of CLT.Although the teachers have a positive approach toward CLT, they have failed to practice it in their classes because of some challenges. The findings indicated that the factors affecting the implementation of CLT in the AJK are traditional grammar-based teaching, lack of CLT training, large class size, the diverse backgrounds of students, and a lack of support from the administration. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. Associate Professor University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/challenges-in-the-implementation-of-communicative-language-teaching-in-azad-kashmir https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-I).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Literary Stylistic Analysis: Exploring Figures of Speech in "The Mill on the Floss" by George Eliot Amna Shahid Humaira Irfan Aneeqa Umar The Mill on the Floss George Eliot Literary Stylistic Analysis Foregrounding Psychology-analysis George Eliot's second novel "The Mill on the Floss" is an autobiographical novel, specifically,a contrapuntal bildungsroman, an Aristotelian tragedy. As a research combining literature and linguistics, studying "The Mill on the Floss" as a significant piece of literature from the lens of linguistics, the research aims to identify some of the figures of speech suggested as per a checklist by Leech and Short (2007) in "The Mill on the Floss" by George Eliot. It further aims to investigate how figures of speech create foregrounding. Moreover, it aims to explore the effects that the figures of speech usage have on the psychology of merely not the characters employing them but as well on the psychology of the readers. The research holds significance for the students and for literary critics interested in exploring the works of George Eliot,highlighting the inter dependency of literature and linguistics. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Applied Linguistics, Kinnaird College for Women Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of English, Division of Arts and Social Sciences, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Research Scholar, Institute of English Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/literary-stylistic-analysis-exploring-figures-of-speech-in-the-mill-on-the-floss-by-george-eliot https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-I).09 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Reasons for Over-Identifications of Children with Disabilities in Pakistan: An Analytical Survey Muhammad Javed Aftab Muhammad Ashfaq Navid Ur Rehman Identification Over-Identification Special Education Reasons of Over Identification Under-Identification Policy of Special Education Children with Special Needs Disabilities in Pakistan SED Pu The thought behind this research study was to explore the basic reasons for the over-identification of children in the special education department in Punjab. The population for the study was honorable teachers and the professionals working in this department. The research tool developed was a questionnaire created to record the opinions of the special education professionals and teaching staff against the tentative reasons. The sample who participated and provided their valuable opinions were 249 teaching staff and professionals from all over Punjab. The major reasons for the over-identification of children recorded are professional inefficiency, poor family background, some behavioral, Social or Psychological issues, Substandard diagnostic process,Shortage of human resources, Mis-evaluation of the poor health of the student, and lack of strong advocacy by a professional organization to reduce over-identification. Key recommendations made by the researchers are aware of the identification process,hiring the professionals, and timely and updated training should be conducted to reduce the over-identification of children in Special education in Punjab. Humanity Publications Lecturer/ Coordinator, Faisalabad Campus Department of Special Education, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Special Education, University of Education, Lahore, (Lower Mall Campus), Punjab, Pakistan. SSET(HI) BPS-17 Government Secondary School of Special Education, Khanewal Department of Special Education, Government of Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/reasons-for-overidentifications-of-children-with-disabilities-in-pakistan-an-analytical-survey https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-I).10 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Depiction of Violence on Women in Partition Literature: A Feministic Study Samina Yasmin Shahbaz Khalid Sarfraz Partition Violence Women Abduction Killings The current study focuses on the hardships and anguish faced by women during the partition of the subcontinent. The independence of Pakistan and India is the basis for this split. Accidental deaths of divisional armed forces soldiers are used to demonstrate the division's involvement in a national struggle. Women are perceived as subordinates' representations by males of the opposing community and their co-religious organizations as a target for retribution, according to partition literature examined through a Feminist lens. As depicted in literary representations, violence, kidnapping, forced marriages, noble assassinations, loss of identity, and kidnapping as a result of nationalistic, cultural, and racial struggles between the people of a newly built state and the people of another state during migration all result in violence, kidnapping, forced marriages,noble assassinations, loss of identity, and kidnapping. Humanity Publications Lecturer in English, University of Education Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan PhD Scholar, The University of Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, The University of Faisalabaavd, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/depiction-of-violence-on-women-in-partition-literature-a-feministic-study https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-I).11 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Parallel Modernity and Indigeneity in Riffat Abbas's Namak Ka Jeevan Ghar Muhammad Kamran Fiaz Rafida Nawaz Aniqua Munawar Parallel Modernity Decolonization Indigeneity Sovereignty Saraiki Literature Indigeneity is a powerful means of representation and also a contested idea in the modern postcolonial world; used as a tool of resistance and conscious socio-political strategy to express collective identities. The assertion of singularity is the starting point of the path to achieve identity rooted in unique history, distinguished culture, religion, art and fables.The paper aims to understand the concept of Indigeneity employing Mbembe’s theory of decolonization by (re)visit to Loonri, a textual utopia created by Riffat Abbas in Namak ka Jeevan Ghar, the novel initially written in Saraiki. The paper reflects on identity discourses and native dialogue with power and governance structure as well as “other”. The study unearthed how in a parallel modern world, the indigenous inhabitants of a region formulate subversive strategies over time to maintain a unique identity with their creative spirit and sturdy imagination to maintain Indigeneity as parallel modernity. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of Political Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan PhD Scholar, Department of Political Science, Bahauddin ZAssistant Professor, Department of Political Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Punjab, Pakistanakariya University, Multan, Punjab, PhD Scholar, Department of English, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/parallel-modernity-and-indigeneity-in-riffat-abbass-namak-ka-jeevan-ghar https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-I).12 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Patterns of Change in Phonological Juxtapositions- A Case of Stress in English Dialect Spoken in Faisalabad Shunizia Sheikh Maimoona Abdul Aziz Stress Patterns Acoustic Evidence Auditory Perception Received Pronunciation Faisalabad's Dialect The present study is aimed to compare the Standard English dialect (RP) with the dialect of English spoken in Faisalabad. The comparison is based on stress, which is compared at the word level for di, tri,tetra, and pentasyllabic words. For sampling,Faisalabad's education sector is separated into two primary strata, government and private, each of which is further segmented by gender. Each stratum has a total of 20 pupils. The data was evaluated on two levels:first, the researcher's perspective, and second, acoustic evidence. The findings revealed both inter and intradialectal differences. Variations in stress patterns have been emphasized by comparing the two dialects. The percentages of similarities and differences found in each dialect were used to calculate the results. In each group, the proportion of comparable stress patterns is around 50 Percent. More differences have been encountered in these dialects than similarities Humanity Publications M.phil, Department of English, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Riphah International University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/patterns-of-change-in-phonological-juxtapositions-a-case-of-stress-in-english-dialect-spoken-in-faisalabad https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-I).13 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Students' Attitude and Perceived Needs towards the use of L1 in English Classes Zohaib Ahmad Qudsia Ishaq Aneela Ejaz Learners' Perception Teachers' Perception L1 (Urdu) L2 (English) Usage of L1 The purpose of this study is to investigate learners' perspectives on language of teaching in English classrooms at the University of AJK, Jhelum valley campus. It is an attempt to ascertain the learners' perceptions about the need of first language (L1) in classrooms. The research study was designed to be a case study in which quantitative data gathering methods were used. The participants were 98 students randomly selected from the English department except first semester. A learners’ questionnaire was used to gather information.The outcomes of study have revealed learners supported the use of Urdu in English classrooms. Students thought that Urdu could be used often in English classrooms. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, Department of English, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan. MPhil. Scholar, Department of English, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/students-attitude-and-perceived-needs-towards-the-use-of-l1-in-english-classes https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-I).14 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Conversation Analysis: A Methodology for Diagnosing Autism Irfan Abbas Khalid Ahmed Muhammad Asad Habib Autism Conversation Conversation Analysis Diagnosis Turn Overlap The present study examines the conversational turn-taking patterns in autist-neurotypical talk. The objective of the study is to find out the distinctive features of autist-normal conversations. This study is cross-sectional, descriptive and qualitative in its nature. Recordings are done in anautism center in Lahore for a period of ten days. It is mainly a qualitative study in its nature. Five autistic children of different ages are selected from an autism center in Lahore. The data for the study is collected through video recording of the conversations between autists and speech therapists. The sample is selected through convenient sampling and analysis is done by following the methods of conversation analysis. The results of the analysis highlight certain distinct features of autist child-therapist talk which are not observed in the normal ordinary conversation. However, there is not a total violation of the conversation rules on the part of autists. Moreover, the findings of the research show that conversational patterns in autist-normal conversation are also affected by the chronological age of the autists. Finally, the research concludes that conversation analysis can be used as a tool for the identification of autism. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Principal Lecturer, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/conversation-analysis-a-methodology-for-diagnosing-autism https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Masks of National Liberation: A Study of The Weary Generations and Basti Waheed Ahmad Khan Imran Ali Imdad Ali Colonisation Decolonisation Imagined Communities The Colonised Bourgeoisie The present paper analyses issue of the power relationship between the privileged class and the mass who struggled for liberation from British Raj. This power relationship manifests itself first during partition of United India which resulted in emergence of imagined communities. The imagined communities could not remain homogeneous due to a lack of harmony in their priorities and different social backgrounds. It also examines the pitfall of national liberation by highlighting military dictatorship and ethnic politics which widened crevices among the people of East Pakistan and West Pakistan. The war of 1857 has been compared with the war of 1971 in order to unearth the drawbacks of decolonisation which paved the ground for the emergence of ethnic politics. Ethnic politics promoted exploitation,inequality, and political marginalisation, which led to the separation of East Pakistan in 1971. Benedict Anderson’s theory about imagined communities has been included in the study in order to prove the weak bond of collectivity in the form of nationalism. Frantz Fanon’s views about the emergence of the elite class after decolonization have also been linked with the issue under study. The paper highlights the weak nature of bondage among various ethnic communities which do not maintain their status of collectivity and leads to regionalism after decolonization. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor and Head of Department (Linguistics) University of Haripur, Haripur, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department (Linguistics) University of Haripur, Haripur, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department (Linguistics) University of Haripur, Haripur, KP, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/masks-of-national-liberation-a-study-of-the-weary-generations-and-basti https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Extension and Continuation of the Colonized Misrepresentation of the Pakhtun Society: An Analysis of the selected Narrative Muhammad Zahid Muhammad Arif Humaira Riaz Co-Optation Pakhtuns The Wandering Falcon Misrepresentation Jamil Ahmad There has always been a huge debate about the misrepresentation of Pakhtuns. Pakhtuns have always been depicted as barbaric, exotic and uncivilized. Such kind of depiction disenfranchised their actual image throughout the world. Such misrepresentation basically paralyzed the identity and image of the said community. The present study explores Saidian' Co-Optation'' (self-orientalism) as a concept, following the footsteps of colonizers and contributing to the cultural misrepresentation of Pakhtuns. The primary text for the research is The Wandering Falcon (2011) by Jamil Ahmad. Such sort of misrepresentation carries different meanings andserves multiple purposes for the colonizers. The uni-polar, stereotypical and generalized misrepresentation unquestionably clouded the image of Pakhtuns. The research method used for the analysis of the selected text is textual analysis. It argues that howthe said work is keeping the promises of the colonizers to misrepresent their own people. The present study also highlights that how Pakhtuns are still under colonial suppression and are misrepresented by their own people. Humanity Publications Research Scholar Lecturer, Department of English, NUML, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan City University of Science and IT, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/extension-and-continuation-of-the-colonized-misrepresentation-of-the-pakhtun-society-an-analysis-of-the-selected-narrative https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Subject-Verb Agreement in Lasi and English: A Morphosyntactic Analysis Muhammad Azam Zahid Ali Shahida Lasi English Subject-Verb Agreement Inflections X' Theory This study investigates the phenomenon of verb agreement (subject-verb agreement) in Lasi and English. This study focuses only on transitive and intransitive verbs of simple tenses to analyze the subject-verb agreement in Lasi. The data have been collected through unstructured interviews with the Lasinatives. The X-bar theory of Haegeman (1994) has been applied as a theoretical framework. Descriptive and exploratory research designs (Creswell, 2014) are used in the study. The results of this study show that transitive verbs in Lasi agree with subjects in number,gender, and person in the present and future tenses, but not in the past. However, intransitive verbs do agree with their subjects in the past tense. English verbs show agreement with their subjects in the present simple tense, but their past and future tense inflections remain the same. The results show that Lasi allows omission of subjects in the surface structure; however, they are recoverable in deep structure. Humanity Publications Faculty of Languages and Literature, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal, Balochistan, Pakistan. Faculty of Languages and Literature, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal, Balochistan, Pakistan Faculty of Languages and Literature, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal, Balochistan, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/subjectverb-agreement-in-lasi-and-english-a-morphosyntactic-analysis https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Juxtaposing Urdu to English Captions of Facebook/ Metaverse: A Neural Machine Translation Study Zafar Ullah Muhammad Farooq Alam Wishma Ihsan Facebook/ Metaverse Machine Translation (MT) Neural Machine Translation (NMT) Artificial Neural Networks Facebook/ Metaverse is a world-leading social networking platform that is equally popular in the world that is equally popular globally Due to the diversity of its users, Facebook is dedicated to improving its Machine Translation (MT) to refine the communication process and remove linguistic hurdles for efficient communication. Recently, Metaverse has started Neural Machine Translation (NMT) for the improvement of translation. NMT uses artificial neural networks to predict a more appropriate word choice and sequence. This research investigates the efficiency of Neural Machine Translation (NMT) in translating text from Urdu to the English language. The Oxford Urdu English Dictionary and FARHANG E AASFIA dictionaries have been used as validation parameters in translation. The semantic and syntactic errors have been segregated and categorized with Antoine Berman’s Twelve Deforming Tendencies for rectification. Major findings reveal that the most frequent errors result from transliteration that damages the semantic and syntactic structure of the text. Humanity Publications Instructor, Virtual University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, University of NUML, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil English Scholar, University of NUML, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/juxtaposing-urdu-to-english-captions-of-facebook-metaverse-a-neural-machine-translation-study https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Resistance or Complicity: An Analysis of Ondaatje's Running in the Family as a Postcolonial Text Firdous Khan Ejaz Mirza Memona Fida Resistance Hybridity Mimicry Complicity Ambivalence Postcolonial According to Homi K. Bhahba, mimicry and hybridity are subversive strategies applied by colonized subjects to resist colonial domination that emerged as an ambivalent entity in its Janus faced mission of civilization and subjugation. This paper aims to explore the said postcolonial subversive strategies with reference to Micheal Ondaatje's memoir Running in the Family. Although Ondaatje's memoir is an emblematic diaspora's personal quest for his roots and identity in pre and post-colonial Sri Lanka, there is enough material in it in the form of characterization as well as direct insights which is open to analysis through a postcolonial lens. Using Bhahba's concepts of mimicry,hybridity, and ambivalence as theoretical/analytical frame of reference, this article is an attempt to investigate how various fictive characters and their bearings in the selected memoir reflect these concepts:whether they are being used by the characters as resistance against the colonizers' hegemony or are merely being employed as strategies to survive and thrive under colonial rule. Humanity Publications Lecturer, National University Of Modern Languages, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, National University Of Modern Languages, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, National University Of Modern Languages, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/resistance-or-complicity-an-analysis-of-ondaatjes-running-in-the-family-as-a-postcolonial-text https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Code-Switching in English Language Classroom: A Socio-Pragmatic Study at Undergraduate Level Maria Sundas Anser Mahmood Shoaib Mehmood Code Switching Undergraduate Students Socio-Pragmatics Bilingualism English Language Learning The present study is concerned with the significance of code-switching as an inevitable pedagogical tool for language learning at the undergraduate level. This research deals with the understanding of language, particularly in the classroom, keeping in view, the context of language learning, using code-switching as a language learning technique to fulfil the socio-pragmatic needs of students. Code-switching is inevitably significant in language learning as many of students come from diverse backgrounds. The participants of the study were undergraduate students at the University of Lahore Sargodha campus. Data was collected through a questionnaire distributed among the participants. The results of data analysis revealed that there is a significant relationship between the students' attitudes towards code-switching and learning language in an English language classroom. Codes witching is beneficial for both teachers and learners because code-switching in English language classrooms can enhance students' socio-pragmatic understanding and acts as abridge between teachers and students. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, Department of English (Applied Linguistics), University of Lahore, Sargodha Campus, Punjab Pakistan. Head of Department of English Language and Literature, University of Lahore, Sargodha Campus, Punjab Pakistan. Head of Department of English, Government Associate College Lalian, Chiniot, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/codeswitching-in-english-language-classroom-a-sociopragmatic-study-at-undergraduate-level https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Reflections on English Speaking Anxiety of Engineering Students: Pilot Project Inayatullah Kakepoto Muhammad Saeed Akhter Quratulain Talpur Reflections English-speaking Anxiety Engineering Students Human beings scream for effective communication skills in this modern age of space technology. The 21st-century demands the engineering universities to address the speaking skill deficiencies of engineering students. This research discovers factors responsible for English speaking anxiety of engineering students. A qualitative research design was implemented and semi-structured interviews were piloted. A purposive sampling approach was employed.Outcomes revealed engineering students faced hesitation, poor confidence, poor mental approach,poor English, unknown fears, poor vocabulary, dearth of speaking opportunities, fear of criticism,nervousness, stress, lack of motivation, poor communication skill, poor language, and low self-esteem as English-speaking anxiety factors of engineering students. Additionally, they used deep breathing, giving space for thinking and code switch in gas strategies to overcome English-speaking anxiety. Humanity Publications Department of English, Quaid-e- Awam University of Engineering Science and Technology, Nawabshah, Sindh, Pakistan. Department of English, Riphah International University, Faisalabad Campus, Punjab, Pakistan Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Campus Khairpur Mir's, Sindh, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/reflections-on-english-speaking-anxiety-of-engineering-students-pilot-project https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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University Students' Orientations of Motivation for Learning English Language: A Comparative Study Shaista Irshad Khan Muhammad Saeed Khan Saddaf Ayub Autism Conversation Conversation Analysis Diagnosis Turn Overlap This study aims to identify and compare students orientations of motivation for learning English language at tertiary level. The quantitative techniques were used to collect and analyze data. The sample of the study was randomly selected from twelve undergraduate programs four universities. The sample was comprised of 500 students, twenty (20) students,from each program of the above three universities of the sample. The researcher developed a questionnaire comprised of 16 items having students integrative (4 items), instrumental (6 items), resultative (3 items),and intrinsic orientations of motivation (3 items). The collected data were tabulated and analyzed in terms of frequency of responses for each statement of the questionnaire. The mean scores, standard deviation,standard error of mean and ANOVA for comparison.The levels of students integrative, instrumental,resultative and intrinsic orientations of motivation are high for learning English language because of their more inclination to learn English at university level. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of Education, The University of Haripur, Haripur, KP, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of Education, The University of Haripur, Haripur, KP, Pakistan 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/university-students-orientations-of-motivation-for-learning-english-language-a-comparative-study https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).09 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Analysing Meaning Potential in Verbal Art: A Discourse-functional Perspective on Faiz Ahmad Faiz Tazanfal Tehseem Rabia Faiz Sana Nawaz Systemic Functional Grammar Verbal Art Faiz Ahmad Faiz Transitivity Analysis and Ideology This paper aims to explore the construal of socio-political meanings in Faiz Ahmad Faiz with a focus on his artistry work titled 'mujh se pahli si Mohabbat' to help unfold higher patterns of organization at the level of transitivity choices to reflect the underlying perspective.Drawing on the Systemic Functional Grammar (SFG) for the transitivity analysis (Halliday and Matthiessen, 2014) the study highlights the meaning potential encoded through the process types. As referred above, the selected poem comprises twenty-nine clauses that were written originally in Urdu language but for the ease of the readership, the transliterated text is adopted from Hasan (2009). She (ibid) proposes a theory of verbal art that extends the higher level of linguistic patterns to encode sublime meaning potential. The analysis shows that apparently, the poem appears to express the plight of circumstances but it is a tragic tale of misery and despair propounded at the crossroad of love and revolution. The findings also reveal that the dominant process type in the poem is the existential one with the male protagonist narrating the tale of socio-cultural agonies and the subsequent is the material process type which posits the significant meaning potential regarding inflicting pain in apolitical turmoil. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/analysing-meaning-potential-in-verbal-art-a-discoursefunctional-perspective-on-faiz-ahmad-faiz https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).10 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Islamic Mysticism and it's Elements in the Poetry of Abdur Rahman Baba Shahab Ahmad Paracha Muhammad Arif Ibad Ullah Islamic Mysticism Love of Allah Belief in Allah Love of Prophet Muhammad Morality Tasawwuf Sharia Renunciation of world Love for fellow human beings. Abdur Rahman Baba, a Pashto Poet, has not been discussed in international literature, very little. The aim of this study is to look deep into the poetry of Abdur Rahman Baba, to find out Islamic Mystical elements like love and subjugation towards Allah, devotion towards Prophet Muhammad, the last messenger, then love, care and concern for humanity. Few characteristics and thoughts from the philosophy of a well-known Islamic Mystic and scholar Maulana Rumi have been used to give a theoretical structure to this paper. These three points were tried to extend from his poetry. The verses were selected and examined through lenses of Islamic Mysticism and the way they are embedded in his poetry.By the end of this research paper, the readers will come to know about the Sufi poet Abdur Rahman Baba and his contribution to the local literature Humanity Publications Department of English Language and Literature, National University of Modern Languages (NUML), Islamabad, Pakistan. Lecturer in English, National University of Modern Languages (NUML), Rawalpindi, Pakistan Lecturer in English, National University of Modern Languages (NUML), Rawalpindi, Pakistan 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/islamic-mysticism-and-its-elements-in-the-poetry-of-abdur-rahman-baba https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).11 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Reconstructing Identity: Self-fashioning in City of Spies by Sorayya Khan Sajid Hussain Muhammad Ali Muhammad Ahmad Javed Self-Fashioning Self-Identity Cultural Identity Postmodernism Current Study analyzes the reconstruction strategies of identity adopted by the protagonist in City of spies by keeping the idea of self-fashioning by Greenblatt. The qualitative methodology has been used for analysis in the present research. The primary source of data is Sorayya Khan's novel City of Spies. Data analysis includes the self-fashioning of the protagonist according to the dominant culture of her surroundings.The researcher has analyzed the data related to self-fashioning and factors that promote the protagonist's self-fashioning and identity crisis, drawing upon Greenblatt's theory of self-fashioning. Greenblatt sees authority preserve identity and self-fashioning in society. Greenblatt believes in the powerful consequence of identity formation and self-fashioning.This current examination endeavors to see identity through the viewpoint of self-fashioning and its ensuing impact on awareness, prompting an identity formation of the protagonist. Humanity Publications Lecturer in English, Government Graduate College, Chowk Azam Layyah, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer in English, Government Graduate College, Chowk Azam Layyah, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer in English, Kaims International Law College Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/reconstructing-identity-selffashioning-in-city-of-spies-by-sorayya-khan https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).12 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Opinion Mining of Online Reviews about Certain Islamabad Hotels: A Business Intelligence Study Zafar Ullah Muhammad Uzair Aiman Tahir Business Intelligence Social Mention Tool Hotel Reviews Sentiment Analysis Opinion Mining Online reviews exert significant influence on the sale and purchase of any product. They not only play a prominent role in the selection of hotels but are also eye openers for the hotel managers because they expose problem areas which need dire attention for the upgradation of quality. Browsing big data from multiple online platforms to find reviews is a time-consuming task. Consequently, Business intelligence is a field which collects and analyses data for customers and managers. This study analyses reviews of 7 hotels in Islamabad through the Social mention tool which gives a visual representation of the strength, sentiment,passion, and reach of each. Multi modal Sentiment Analysis theory has been applied to identify the nature of the reviews. The major findings reveal sentiment analysis of the hotels' reviews from social media. There search helps individuals in decision making and selection of hotels; and guides the management staff for rectification. Humanity Publications Virtual University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Dean Faculty of Arts and Humanities, NUML, Islamabad, Pakistan. BS English, NUML Islamabad, Pakistan 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/opinion-mining-of-online-reviews-about-certain-islamabad-hotels-a-business-intelligence-study https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).13 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Social Injustice causes Frustration in a postmodern era in the Context of John Osborn's play, Look Back in Anger Raees Khan Kamran Zeb Farman Ali Alienation Anger Anxiety Social Injustice Identity The current study explores social injustice reflected in John Osborne’s play, Look Back in Anger(1956). John Osborn (1929-1994) is considered to be one of the striking postmodern playwrights. Osborn shrewdly reflects contemporary society in his literary works. His play, Look Back in Anger, is an exact depiction of postwar English society, with all its anxiety and uneasiness. The framework for the current study is a theory presented by Thomas W Simon in his book Democracy and Social Injustice: Law, Politics, and Philosophy (1995). Thomas W. Simon asserts that democratic theory shall deal with the social inequalities inflicted upon disadvantaged groups. By shifting theoretical sights from justice to injustice, Simon reshapes the nature of democracy and provides a totally new perspective on social problems. He unfolds the causes and effects of injustice, victims' responses to injustice, and historical theories of disadvantage,revealing that those theories have important repercussions for the current policy.The play depicts the social imbalance, lack of understanding, injustice and desperation of post-war English society. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, University of Buner, Buner, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, University of Buner, Buner, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Government Degree College No.2 Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/social-injustice-causes-frustration-in-a-postmodern-era-in-the-context-of-john-osborns-play-look-back-in-anger https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).14 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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A Contrastive Analysis of Ideational, Interpersonal and Textual Themes in English and Urdu Humaira Yaqub Ansa Ahsan Mubashir Iqbal Thematic structures Thematic Progression Corpus English Urdu The present study deals with metafunctional diversity of thematic relations i.e. ideational, interpersonal and textual in English and Urdu. The objectives are: (1) to describe the functional significance particular to thematic progression (McCabe, 1999) of thematic structures in the English and the Urdu texts, and (2) to discuss how effectively the English thematic structures have been translated into Urdu. The English text Things Fall Apart by Achebe(1994) and its Urdu translation, Bikharti Duniya byUllah (1991) have been annotated through the annotation scheme of the UAM Corpus Tool(O`Donnell, 2008). The annotated English and Urdu clauses are analyzed to discuss their the maticstructures. The results show that the functional significance and thematic progression patterns are identical, but because of the unmotivated displacement of themes, the translation choices become ambiguous.To resolve ambiguities, possible translation choices have been suggested. Humanity Publications PhD Candidate, Department of Applied Linguistics, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan Lecturer, University of Narowal, Narowal, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-contrastive-analysis-of-ideational-interpersonal-and-textual-themes-in-english-and-urdu https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).15 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Stylistic Analysis of Ode to the West Wind by PB Shelley Sana Gul Kamal Saeed Nimra Tariq Stylistics Deviation Linguistics Analysis Figurative Language Semantic Analysis Syntactic Deviation Stylistics is concerned with the analysis of variation and characteristics of language. Stylistics has gathered imminent role in ascertaining language use, especially poetic language. In this research paper,I have explored the intentional deviation from the conventional rules in the poem Ode to West Wind by P.B Shelly. The poem is rich from a stylistic point of view because the application of deliberate misspellings, creativity in style, the irregularity in the syntax patterns, and the phonological and graphological deviations make the poem a fascinating read. I have noticed that Shelly has freed himself from the structural and traditional norms of language and has presented a new dimension in poetry.This article is the analysis done against the backdrop of deviations at syntactical, morphological, and grammatical levels. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Riphah International University, Gulberg Greens, Islamabad, Pakistan Lecturer, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan Mphil Scholar, Department of English, NUML, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/stylistic-analysis-of-ode-to-the-west-wind-by-pb-shelley https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-II).33 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Comparative Componential Analysis of Semantic Density of Selected Lexical Items in Surah al Fatiha (the Holy Quran) with Special Reference to Various Translations in English Muhammad Ishtiaq Nasim Gul Ihtisham Ul Haq Semantically Condensed Vocabulary Comparative Componential Analysis Under Translation This study using a qualitative paradigm, investigates certain lexical items of the Holy Quran, employing Newmark's model of Componential Analysis. No two translations of the selected lexical items are the same in the 62 English-translated versions. The Holy Quran, being the language of ALLAH Almighty,has a special semantically loaded vocabulary which is hard for other languages to be completely encompassed, transferred or transmitted. Generally, the Target Language (English) tends to miss the semantic core or only marginally related to these items in a narrow sense, which results in a translation.It is worth noting that the gap between the semantic content of the Source and the Target codes is not due to extra-linguistic factors (e.g., cultural, religious, political); rather, it is due largely to the vast expanse of semantic components encompassed by these items as used in the Holy Quran. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, Govt. Degree College Takht-e- Nasrati Karak, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Kohat University of Science and Technology (KUST) Kohat and FATA University, Kohat, KP, Pakistan Department of English, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/comparative-componential-analysis-of-semantic-density-of-selected-lexical-items-in-surah-al-fatiha-the-holy-quran-with-special-reference-to-various-translations-in-english https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-II).34 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Language Acquisition Theories, Process and its Stages Hafiz Abdul Majid Masood Rashida Rani Safura Fatima English Language Theory Language Acquisition It has been an interesting field for researchers of language to find out ways to acquire a language efficiently and effectively. The last few decades have been critically important from the viewpoint of enunciation of theories on the acquisition of language. Some pioneers of linguistics have strive to bring forth certain factors which are conducive to accelerating the acquisition of a language. Though in recent decades, the acquisition theories have evolved and have assumed new shapes, however, all of them stand defined against the theoretical frameworks projected by B.F Skinner and Noam Chomsky. It has also been established that for the acquisition of language, one has to undergo the specific process of stepping ahead stage-wise before one acquires efficiency in speech and script. The study in hand incorporates to determine the milestones in the way of acquisition of language. Humanity Publications Visiting Lecturer, Department of English, Bahawalnagar Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan Visiting Lecturer, Department of English, Bahawalnagar Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan PhD Scholar, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/language-acquisition-theories-process-and-its-stages https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-I).15 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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The Dialectics of Utopia and Utopian Impulse Muhammad Mahmood Ahmad Sohail Ahmad Saeed Ahmad Naeem Communitarianism Dialectics Literary Utopia Marxism Utopia Utopian Impulse. This paper aims to offer a dialectical view of Utopia and utopian impulse in utopian theory. Politically, Utopia is associated with a reductionist leftist politics which overlooks essential human diversity and psycho-social conflicts by imposing harmony and progress through implicit violence. In aesthetic representation, Utopia is seen as an ideal society which offers a glorious transformation of mankind living in a society free of wants and conflicts. However, Utopian theory is essentially different from such meta narratives about Utopia and its pr-axis. Instead of focusing on the political or aesthetic concept of Utopia, it brings forth a dialectical analysis of Utopia and Utopian impulse to understand its aesthetic, political and theoretical dimensions. This paper claims that the utopian impulse is the central subtext of diverse utopian manifestations, which offers a narrative of critique and a continual process of theoretical sublimation and pursuit of an ideal society free of systemic ills. Humanity Publications Shaheen Assistant Professor, Department of English, Government Sadiq Egerton Graduate College, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English Literature, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English Language and Literature, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/the-dialectics-of-utopia-and-utopian-impulse https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-I).16 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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A Communicative Competence Perspective of the Role of English as Linguistic Capital: An Analysis of the Pakistani Job Market Ali Anwer Aneela Gill Communicative Competence Linguistic Capital Job Performance Job Satisfaction In Pakistani corporate set-ups, proficiency in English is taken as competence in communication; other important aspects of communicative competence are overlooked. The research carried out so far is from the point of view of Management and Organizational Behavior and none from the linguistic perspective. The current study is an attempt to find out the relationship between English as linguistic capital as part of Communicative Competence and employees' job performance via job satisfaction and promotion in the Corporate Sector. As a theoretical framework for this study, a hybrid model has been established by combining the model of communicative competence by Celce-Murcia (2007) and the model of types of Capital by Bourdieu (1986). The model includes competence in five areas, viz. Socio-Cultural, Discourse, Linguistic, Formulaic and Interactional. To see the effect of communicative competence on the employees' performance, i.e., job satisfaction and promotion, both quantitative and qualitative approaches have been used. Humanity Publications National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-communicative-competence-perspective-of-the-role-of-english-as-linguistic-capital-an-analysis-of-the-pakistani-job-market https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-I).17 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Lexical Meanings and Mistranslation: an Analysis of English Translation of Munshi Premchand's Short Stories Muhammad Younas Beenish Pervaiz Babar Riaz Lexical Meanings Mistranslation English Translation Analysis Short Stories This study is qualitative in nature and aims to highlight a genuine difficulty with the translation that many foreign translators have. Put another way,idiomatic expressions and cultural terms cannot be translated easily. They need to be translated very carefully, keeping in view the intercultural subtleties. In this study, Munshi Premchand's three short stories originally written in Urdu and translated into English have been selected for qualitative analysis. These shore short stories are Eidgah, Qazaaqi, and Kafan respectively translated into English by KhuswantSingh, Fatima Rizvi and Frances W. Pritchett. The study concludes that the translators, especially those whose own mother language is other than the source language, have a hard time translating idiomatic expressions and cultural terms embedded in the very culture of the source language because they are not fully aware of the intercultural transnational intricacies and the intercultural pragmatics. This is what creates mistranslation and misleading meanings. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, English Higher Education Department, Government of Punjab, Pakistan Lecturer in English, University of Education Lahore Jauhar Abad Campus, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan MPhil in English, University of Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/lexical-meanings-and-mistranslation-an-analysis-of-english-translation-of-munshi-premchands-short-stories https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-I).18 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Exploration of Idealism and Realism in Arthur Miller's Play, Death of a Salesman Raees Khan Kamran Zeb Sanaa Malaikah Noor Idealism Realism Postmodernism American Dream Existentialism Capitalism Emptiness The current research examines the elements of Idealism and Realism in Arthur Miller's play Death of a Salesman. Miller's play is opted through purposive sampling technique. Primary source, a Play, Death of a Salesman, and secondary sources, such as dissertations, articles, thesis, and newspapers are used as an instrument for data collection. Plato's Idealism and the realism of Aristotle are used as a framework for the present work. Idealism is revealed through the analysis of the hero, Willy Loman's Character. The protagonist misunderstands American Dream, he is a dreamer salesman. He wants to become a successful businessman, but he fails. Willy lives in illusions,while the real world is absolutely different. He is the echo of postmodern American society. Realism is an important theory identified in Miller's play, Death of a Salesman. Charley is a practical character in the play, his approach is rational, practical and realistic towards life. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, University of Buner, Buner, KP, Pakistan Lecturer, Department of English, University of Buner, Buner, KP, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Department of English, Islamia College Peshawar, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/exploration-of-idealism-and-realism-in-arthur-millers-play-death-of-a-salesman https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-I).19 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Role of Direct Method Vs Grammar Translation Method in Teaching English to Adult Learners in Pakistan Muhammad Sabboor Hussain Sheeza Akbar Khan Aisha Farid GTM/DM Adult Language Learners Descriptive/Qualitative Study Emotional/Psychological Factors This paper traces the impact of Translation Method and the Direct Method on adult language learners in Pakistan. It points out the major emotional and psychological factors related to the medium of instruction in the class. It explores whether L1 use in the class negatively or positively impacts adult English language learners. Since it is a descriptive/quantitative study, a survey has been administered to the teachers and students. With the help of statistical data analysis, this research explores the impact of DM-GTM. The study highlights the current situation and gives food for thought to language learners, teachers,administrators, and policymakers to improve English language teaching/learning in Pakistani colleges and universities. The article opens the doors for future research on diverse aspects of the issue. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, GC Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. Department of English, GC Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor (English), GC Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/role-of-direct-method-vs-grammar-translation-method-in-teaching-english-to-adult-learners-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-I).20 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Impact and Influence Of Literary Figures and Philosophers on Jacques Derrida: A Detailed And Critical Study Akeel Ahmed Iqra Iqbal Samina Yasmin Literary Figures Philosophers Jacques Critical Study Derrida In the paper, a detailed study has been undertaken on how Jacques Derrida has propounded his theory of deconstruction and how creme de la creme writers cum literary figures have impacted and influenced Jacques Derrida either partially or outright. Plenty of men of letters in the course of their intellectual, literary and philosophical detour are influenced by other illustrious writers, and Jacques Derrida is no exception to that. No doubt, Derrida was influenced by many great names of literature and philosophy,such as Plato, Soren Kierkegaard, Karl Marx,Sigmund Freud, Roland Barthes, and Ferdinand De Saussure, Samuel Beckett, Martin Heidegger,Edmund Husserl, Friedrich Nietzsche and James Joyce to name but a few. And some of them have an everlasting and galvanizing impression on Jacques Derrida in developing his theory of deconstruction. Humanity Publications Lecturer in English Language and Literature, Government Graduate College, Pasrur (Sialkot), Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer in English, Department of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan Lecturer in English, Department of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/impact-and-influence-of-literary-figures-and-philosophers-on-jacques-derrida-a-detailed-and-critical-study https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-I).21 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Colonial Epidermalization: A Thematic Study of Sherman Alexis's 'The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven' Misbah Tariq Khush Bakht Harmain Rukh Epidermalization Franz Fanon Identity Crisis Native Americans Sherman Alexie Colonialism led to the fabrication of certain inferiority complexes on the part of the colonized subjects.The colonizers succeeded in doing so through the inclusive diffusion of racial stereotypes. This perpetuation made colonized nations like Native Americans lose their indigenous voices, and they soon assimilated themselves into the Euro-American world and its identities. The articles crutinises how the colonized subjects were not only physically persecuted, but their identities were also distorted, disfigured, and then misrepresented to the world. The colonisers shaped and sculpted these identities through an exploitive mechanism which Franz Fanontermed 'Epidermalization' in one of his famous works,Black Skin White Masks. The paper employs the conceptualization of Epidermalization with reference to' The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven' by Sherman Alexie. While using the concepts of Epidermalization of inferiority and internalization, the paper highlights how the continuous confrontation of binaries and inferiority during the process of Colonialism caused a heightened sense of desperation and frustration among the Native Americans along with the internalization of white supremacy. Humanity Publications M.Phil. Scholar, National University of Modern Languages (NUML), Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, National University of Modern Languages (NUML), Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan Lecturer, National University of Modern Languages (NUML), Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/colonial-epidermalization-a-thematic-study-of-sherman-alexiss-the-lone-ranger-and-tonto-fistfight-in-heaven- https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-I).22 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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A Study of Anxiety among Novice ESL Teachers at Higher Secondary Level Sehar Akram Ayesha Butt Saima Farah Anxiety Novice English as a second language (ESL) Teachers The present work is a study of anxiety among novice ESL teachers at higher secondary levels in the Pakistani context. In particular, this study using a quantitative approach, tried to detect different causes of anxiety among novice ESL teachers inside and outside the classroom environment. A closed-ended questionnaire was used to collect data from 87 ESL teachers working in higher secondary institutes of the Lahore district. The analysis of data revealed that almost every teacher felt anxiety in one way or another. Moreover, this study brings into light the strategies used by these novice ESL instructors to cope with such psychological issues as anxiety, which is causing a very bad impact on their performance as novice ESL teachers. The results of the study highlighted that teachers' mental health and issues must be given importance for abetter learning environment for both teachers and the students. Humanity Publications Scholar, Lahore College for Women University (LCWU), Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of TESOL, Lahore College for Women University (LCWU), Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil., Applied Linguistics, Kinnaird College for Women, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-study-of-anxiety-among-novice-esl-teachers-at-higher-secondary-level https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-I).23 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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A Structuralist Study of Guy de Maupassant's The Necklace Abdur Rahman Naeema Shah Asia Khatoon Binary Oppositions Cultural Determinism Freud Structure Synchrony Diachrony Structuralism was a reactionary approach that concentrated on signs, structure, language,synchrony, and a unique technique while challenging the independent subject. The works of Gestalt,Saussure, Strauss, Barthes, Marx, and Freud all reflected the concepts of structuralism, but The Necklace by Maupssant is the first book to do so. The scholars used structuralist ideas advanced by Dosse,Sanders, Sturrock, etc. to study one of Maupssant's masterpieces within the framework of structuralism.The current study assessed the existence of structuralism's principles The Necklace's in a hitherto-unstudied location. The aim of this research is to look into the principles of structuralism, The "words and phrases" of Maupssant's story were examined in the context of structuralism, the results of this qualitative investigation were examined using textual analysis.Binary oppositions of poverty and wealth, Id (irrational desire), Superego (sensibility), and syn-chronic and diachronic system in showing Matilda's life of a young beautiful and intuitive lady at one stage and his family background and character's comparison of Matildaand Forestier, components of the narrative's structure. Humanity Publications M.Phil. (English Researcher), Department of Linguistics and Literature, Qurtuba University of Science and Information Technology, Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan. M. Phil Researcher Scholar, Department of English, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women University Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan Lecturer in English, Department of Linguistics and Literature, Qurtuba University of Science and Information Technology, Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-structuralist-study-of-guy-de-maupassants-the-necklace https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-I).24 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Comparative Analysis of Twilight in Delhi and A Passage to India through the Lens of Stylistics and Postcolonialism Aseem Majid Rizvi Aisha Khan Javeriya Hussain Ahmed Ali E.M. Forster Postcolonial Discourse Subcontinent Orientalism Stylistics Language While focusing on the postcolonial discourse, a comparative analysis of A Passage to India(1924) and Twilight in Delhi (1940) has been carried out.The former writing was composed by western author E.M. Forster while the latter was written by South Asian author Ahmed Ali. In both writings, the center of focus is the effects left by colonizers on colonized land,specifically in terms of culture, norms, and values. In order to complete the study in a profound manner, a qualitative approach has been employed in which description, analysis, narrative devices and definitions are utilized as research tools to affirm the deductive approach of the study. The paper is analyzed through postcolonial perspectives with a focus on discourse and stylistics viewpoints of the texts. Political, cultural,communal, social, and religious conditions of the subcontinent are unfolded from the standpoints of informant and colonizers with the implication of dichotomous critique while looking at the miserable situation of the Asian colonized region. As one author belongs to the class of colonizers and the other has its roots in colonized land, the study has explored various similar as well as contrasting elements from the novels. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, English Department, Iqra University, Karachi, Sindh Instructor, English Department, FAST- National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan Instructor, English Department, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/comparative-analysis-of-twilight-in-delhi-and-a-passage-to-india-through-the-lens-of-stylistics-and-postcolonialism https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).16 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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The Portrayal of Violence in the Re-enactment-based Crime Shows: A Case Study of Jurm Bolta Hai and Crime Patrol Syeda Mahnoor Shah Amir Hamza Marwan Ayesha Anwar Portrayal Violence Re-enactment Crime Shows Crime Patrol Jurm Bolta Hai This research study examines the content of re-enactment-based crime shows to understand how violence-based crime events are portrayed to the viewers. Quantitative Content Analysis has been executed by the researchers on the two leading T.V.shows of Pakistan and India - Jurm Bolta Hai and Crime Patrol. All the episodes of the selected shows on-aired from the 1st of November 2016 to the 31st of December 2016 have been studied, coded, and analyzed.The findings reveal that Crime Patrol on-aired more episodes and showed more violence. The data confirmed that both the shows discussed the crime events in a similar line by focusing on the murder,kidnapping, and robbery. There is a space for improvement in the language of both the shows to tell the crime story to the audience in a more decent way. It is also much needed that Jurm Bolta Hai should respect the privacy of different characters involved or affected by the crime. The findings of this research study are grounded in the Cultural Criminology Theory. Humanity Publications MA, Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, College of Home Economics, University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/the-portrayal-of-violence-in-the-reenactmentbased-crime-shows-a-case-study-of-jurm-bolta-hai-and-crime-patrol https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).17 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Impact of Oral Participation on Learning English as a Second Language According to the Learners' Perception at University Level Bakht Bibi Naz Khatoon Nagina Gul Oral Participation English as a Second Language Learner's Perception Higher Education Institutions The present research study aims to analyze the impact of oral participation in learning English as second language according to the perception of learner sat the university level. The theoretical framework used to substantiate the analytical grounds of the present study is based on the contribution made by Seed house's(2004) The International Architecture of the Language Classroom: A Conversation Analysis. The study follows a quantitative mode of inquiry. A random sample of 50students has been selected to analyze the nature of the main problem. Data has been collected through a questionnaire adapted by Ramirez (2010) and Verapornvanichkul et al. (2011). Data is analyzed through the SPSS program on a five-point Linkert scale.The analysis in the present research context can prove to be beneficial to educational psychologists, linguists,and policymakers with regard to taking initiatives in the field of learning and teaching English as a second language. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Balochistan University of Information Technology Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan Lecturer, Department of English, Balochistan University of Information Technology Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. Public Administration, Department of English, Balochistan University of Information Technology Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/impact-of-oral-participation-on-learning-english-as-a-second-language-according-to-the-learners-perception-at-university-level https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).18 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Discovery of Existential Paralysis, Death, and Resolve in Autoethnographic Poetry of Taufiq Rafat through Poundian Image: A Study of Poetic Therapy Saba Rasheed Sahar Javaid Autoethnographic Poetry Poundian Image Existential Themes Poetry Therapy Poetry therapy is a very useful technique tocope with extremely unbearable emotional experiencesin the lives of poets by manoeuvring autoethnographicpoems as a form of self-therapy. It engages a process ofself-disclosure to transform the developmental changestaking place in the affective domain of humans to bringemotional equilibrium. The poetic techniques ofconjuring subjective images in superposition withobjective metaphors  -Poundian Image - imply theexistential themes of loss, death, dread,meaninglessness, void, resolve, etc., to relate theotherwise inarticulable emotional states. This paperseeks to investigate Taufiq Rafat's autoethnographicpoems about loss and death in his family from hisanthology Half Moon: Poems (1979-1983) to discoverhis existential thematic dimensions - fear of death,existential paralysis, the journey towards death,existential resolve through spiritual relief, andeverlasting memories - to come to term with theultimate reality of death using Ezra Pound'stheorization of Poundian image. Moreover, the studyalso takes into account the use of ethnographic poemsas self-therapy. Humanity Publications Teaching Assistant, Department of English, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan Lecturer, Department of English, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/discovery-of-existential-paralysis-death-and-resolve-in-autoethnographic-poetry-of-taufiq-rafat-through-poundian-image-a-study-of-poetic-therapy https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).19 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Style In Literature: A Stylistics Analysis of the Poem "The Sari" by Moniza Alvi Marina Khan Saddam Ul Islam Sanaa Malaikah Noor Stylistic Analysis Language Features The Sari This paper probes a stylistic analysis of poem of eminent Pakistani English Poetess Moniza Alvi. The well-known poem by Moniza Alvi is titled"The Sari." Alvi received a Cholmondeley Award for Poetry in 2002, and Bloodaxe released Alvi'sretrospective collection, Split World: Poems 1990-2005,in 2008. Her voice is restrained, indirect, fantastical,kind, and unique. She possesses a special understanding of cultural and emotional splits. Here,the researcher tries to approach Alvi's poetry "The Sari"from the perspective of stylistics. The paper also analyses the poems using linguistic methods in order to elucidate their meaning. It is significant to emphasize that many who teach and research the English language and literature find stylistics to be a very helpful scientific field. Whether English is your first language, second language, or third, stylistics can help native English speakers as well as overseas students.Both linguistic and literary talents can be acquired. Humanity Publications Lecturer in English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. MPhil. Scholar, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Islamia College Peshawar, KP, Pakistan 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/style-in-literature-a-stylistics-analysis-of-the-poem-the-sari-by-moniza-alvi https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).20 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Students' Attitude and English Online Teaching during COVID-19 at Secondary School Level Muhammad Asif Shahzad . Namra Munir Navid Jamil Malik Students' Attitude Online Teaching English Student learning attitude is a crucial element in modern education. Studying attitudes helps students' learning process. The objective of the study is to find out students' attitudes about online English teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic. The researchers used a quantitative research design for the study, and that was a descriptive study in nature, and all the female public secondary schools and students in Punjab province made up the study's population.Sample of the study comprised four hundred students from five districts of Punjab province. A questionnaire was designed to collect data from the respondents, and after data collection from four hundred secondary school students, it was analyzed through SPSS and found the statistical techniques of frequency, mean score and standard deviation. The study concluded that most English teachers provided English newspapers to their students to educate them better on the English language. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Education, Lahore - Vehari Campus, Punjab, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Education, Lahore - Vehari Campus, Punjab, Pakistan Chairman, Department of Education, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/students-attitude-and-english-online-teaching-during-covid19-at-secondary-school-level https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).21 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Educators' Perceptions Towards Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL) Aqsa Halepoto Niaz Ahmed Bhutto Inayatullah Kakepoto Educators Perceptions Mobile Assisted Language Learning This paper presents the findings of a case study about university teachers' perceptions regarding Mobile assisted language learning (MALL) and the fences associated with it. Five English language teachers from public sector universities were surveyed respondents for this study project. Researchers used the purposive technique for data collection. This technique is the fittest research method since participants were drawn on specific criteria of only English language educators. The research mode was qualitative, and the data collection instrument was semi-structured interviews. The content analysis approach was employed for data analysis purposes.Miles and Huber man's (1994) qualitative data analysis method was employed. Results exhibited that mobile-assisted language learning played an indispensable role in English language learning. Nonetheless, a few barriers influenced it, i.e., 'teachers' inadequate knowledge, absence of devices, expensive internet packages, electricity load shedding, poor network coverage, de-motivation, boredom, small screen,sluggish internet speed, and data storage deficiency. Humanity Publications Scholar, English Language Development Centre, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan. Department of Sociology, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan Department of English, Quaid-e- Awam University of Engineering Science and Technology, Nawabshah, Sindh, Pakistan 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/educators-perceptions-towards-mobile-assisted-language-learning-mall https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).22 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Challenges Faced by English Language Teachers During Covid-19 Pandemic Ayesha Saman Ayesha Butt Shaista Irshad Khan COVID-19 Pandemic Primary Level English Teaching Challenges Online Teaching Blended Approach COVID-19 pandemic interrupted all the activities of normal life. In order to avoid the risk of awidespread pandemic, the whole world moved towards lock down. Pakistan was one of the first countries that announce school closure during the pandemic. It became stressful for institutions, teachers and parents to meet the educational needs of learners during the pandemic. Online teaching-learning was the best solution to continue with education. This research was done to investigate issues and problems faced by primary-level English language teachers in teaching online during the pandemic, in the context of Pakistan. The targeted population of this study was primary-level English teachers from schools located in Lahore and Faisalabad who taught during the pandemic in an online mode. Findings revealed that teachers encountered challenges like internet issues, limited time and resources, lack of digital awareness, and limited interaction.They also encountered challenges in content creation and in using pedagogical methodologies online. Humanity Publications Research Scholar, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Chairperson TESOL, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/challenges-faced-by-english-language-teachers-during-covid19-pandemic https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).23 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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English to Urdu Transliteration AS A Major Cause of Pronunciation Error in L1 and L2 Urdu Speakers of English: A Pedagogical Perspective Muhammad Ishtiaq Nasim Gul Yasir Khan English-to-Urdu Transliteration Pronunciation Standard English L1 This study aims to investigate the internalization of the transliterated English words in Urdu by Urdu speakers. In Urdu, words are spelt the same as they are pronounced. Consequently,everyday Urdu speakers presume the same as holding true also for English pronunciation and its orthography. Hence, the study explores the ways and processes influencing the pronunciation of certain English words by fresh undergraduate L1 and L2 Urdu speakers at university or college levels. A comprehensive list of 197 English words has been listed, along with the transcription of deviant as well as Standard British English. It can evidently be observed that educated L1 and L2 Urdu speakers articulate the words in a different or, in some cases,incorrect way. No doubt, they may be influenced by the negative transfer of features from L1. However, a considerable negative role is also found due to the transliteration of English words into Urdu. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, Government Degree College Takht-e- Nasrati Karak, KP, Pakistan Lecturer, Department of English, Kohat University of Science and Technology (KUST) Kohat, KP, Pakistan Lecturer, Department of English, FATA University, Kohat, KP, Pakistan 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/english-to-urdu-transliteration-as-a-major-cause-of-pronunciation-error-in-l1-and-l2-urdu-speakers-of-english-a-pedagogical-perspective https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).24 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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The Portrayal of Spatial Experiences in Selected Native American Women's Writings Fasih ur Rehman Asma Iqbal Hazrat Bilal Native American Woman Spatiality Identity Experience of In-Placeness Experience of Out-of-Placeness The theme of space and place is pivotal to Native American women’s writing. The present study aims to explore the representation of spatial experiences in selected Native American writers’ works. The present study occurs at the crossroad of diverse fields such as literature, gender, geography,space, and place. Hence, the consequent theoretical framework is a juxtaposition of interdisciplinary theories ranging from literary theories to spatial studies, and gender theories to geographical concepts. The foundations of the present study are erected upon Louise Erdrich’s Tracks, Diane Glancy’s the Reason for Crows, and Polingaysi Qoyawayma’s No Turning Back. The reinterpretations and re-readings reinforce the notion that Native American woman has experienced a certain spatial subjugation throughout history that has resulted in a fractured and destabilized spatial identity. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Khushal Khan Khattak University, Karak, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Gandahara University, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/the-portrayal-of-spatial-experiences-in-selected-native-american-womens-writings https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).25 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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The Impact of the Rotation Model of Blended Learning on Creative Writing Skills of the EFL Learners in Pakistan Ahsan-ul-Haq Farooqi Masood Ahmad Ijaz Hussain Blended Learning Rotation Model Creative Writing Skills EFL Learners The study was conducted to investigate the impact of the rotation model of BL on the creative writing skills of EFL learners in the Pakistani context.The main purpose of this experimental research is to enhance the English writing skill of the learners and the instructional approaches used by the teaching faculty members. The paper offers experimental research on EFL learners of four Federal Government Secondary Schools, including male and female. The researcher used pre-test, post-test, lesson plan and scoring rubrics as a tool. The paper discovers that the rotation model of blended learning is more suitable for the English writing skills of EFL learners than the conventional method. The results suggest that the application of the rotation model of blended learning in writing skills helps the learners produce significant and better performance compared to the conventional method of instruction. The findings also indicate that female EFL learners performed better than male EFL learners in the experimental group. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of Educational Training, Islamia University of Bahawalpur (IUB), Punjab, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Training, Islamia University of Bahawalpur (IUB), Punjab, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/the-impact-of-the-rotation-model-of-blended-learning-on-creative-writing-skills-of-the-efl-learners-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).26 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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A Lexico-Syntactic Analysis of Urdu Riddles Syeda Sarah Ali Kazmi Shahida Khalique Syeda Afifa Hassan Kazmi Urdu Riddles Lexico-Syntactic Patterns Morphological Patterns Phonological Patterns Culture This study aims to identify the Lexi-co-Syntactic patterns along with their functions in Urdu riddles in the framework of Alabi (2007) for stylistic analysis. In order to achieve this aim, a qualitative and descriptive method was adopted for the study. The data were randomly selected from the weekly magazine 'Jagmag moti', the Urdu riddles book 'Paheliyon ki dunia' and the internet.Forty-five Urdu riddles were analyzed under stylistic levels mentioned by Alabi (2007). In lexicon-Syntactic analysis of Urdu riddles, findings showed that language in Urdu riddles is skillfully manipulated through several lexicon-syntactic devices, including anastrophe, ellipsis, asyndeton,anaphora, epizeuxis, hyperbole, personification,synecdoche, simile, metaphor and archaic. It was found that Urdu riddles use these Lexi-co-Syntactic devices in order to confuse the listeners and to create an impact on them. Humanity Publications Lecturer Department of English, The University of Haripur, KP, Pakistan Assistant Professor Department of English, The University of Azad, Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan Elementary Teacher Department of Education Government of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-lexicosyntactic-analysis-of-urdu-riddles https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).27 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Caught in Transition: Ama Ata Aidoo's Search for a New Ghanaian Woman Sohail Ahmad Saeed Ahmad Naeem Muhammad Mahmood Ahmad Shaheen Womanism Colonization Commodification Motherhood Liberation This paper brings out the Womanist perspective in Aidoo's No Sweetness Here and Other Stories. The term 'Womanism' encapsulates the varied dynamics of the black woman's literary experience as it distinguishes itself from the feminism of the White Woman. The predicament of women in postcolonial Ghana is the focus of Aidoo's attention. Aidoo's vision is historical, also. In her short stories, she explores the challenges faced by women in post-independence Ghana. In the period of transition, the African woman's identity is brought into conflict with traditions and cultural modernization. Aidoo's predominant concern is to reflect on women's increasing alienation in contemporary African society with the help of tradition and modernity. In Aidoo's vision, Africa's progress is inseparable from the social, economic,political and psychological liberation of women. No Sweetness Here and Other Stories attempts to make African women aware of their agency, which is the first step towards their liberation. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English Literature, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan Lecturer, Department of English Language and Literature, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Department of English, Government Sadiq Egerton Graduate College, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/caught-in-transition-ama-ata-aidoos-search-for-a-new-ghanaian-woman https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).28 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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The Exploration of Women's Suffering Under Patriarchy in the Work of Waris Dirie's Desert Dawn Haider Ali Muhammad Saqib Kamran Zeb Race Religion Woman Father Waris Dirie Patriarchy Culture World The history of the sufferings of a woman is tricky, turbulent but therapeutic as well. Women through the ages has suffered either at the hand of religion or culture. Male dominancy has reduced woman mostly into a second-class denizens of the world. One-half of the human race is still living amidst cruel practices. Is she really so helpless or impotent? In the character of Waris Dirie, we see she is not. Yes, she does become one when she doesn't have an understanding of her strength. She is exploited in the name of patriarchy. She falls prey to certain prejudicial practices ordained by culture or tradition or providence.This research is meant to highlight the travails of Waris Dirie and dispel the impression of a woman being 'an incomplete being' as promoted in a male-identified society.It is time, in the words of Mary Wolston Craft, that a degree of reason, virtue and knowledge should replace outdated cultural practices against women. (Wollstonecraft, 1796). Humanity Publications Assistant Professor of English, Government Post-Graduate Jahanzeb College, Saidu Sharif, KP, Pakistan, Pakistan. Lecturer in English, University of Buner, KP, Pakistan Lecturer in English, University of Buner, KP, Pakistan 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/the-exploration-of-womens-suffering-under-patriarchy-in-the-work-of-waris-diries-desert-dawn https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).29 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Destructive Innovation to the Unsustainability of the Environment Nayab Sadiq Maliha Sarfraz Amara Javed Environment Unsustainability Innovation Destructive This article explores the causes of environmental degradation and aims to explain the interconnection of state, capital, and masses as enhancing environmental degeneration. Innovation and production processes have progressed under the guise of economic gains, and entrepreneurs' efforts to produce new things, coupled with capitalistic mottos,added to the hazardous environmental pollution. My argument is backed up by the theory of tread mill production as a political-economic explanation of the causes of environmental degradation. This stance refers to the extensive capitalistic search of the state and masses as getting stuck on a "treadmill" where they have not improved economically, yet their pursuits for economic development lead them to damage the environment. Using the narrative of New York 2140, this study warns about the possible menace thwarted back by the environment. This study highlights how the innovation process under capitalistic goals leads to unnecessary over-consumption, which ultimately results in environmental unsustainability. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan Associate Professor, Government Graduate College, Women, Sahiwal, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Government College Women University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/destructive-innovation-to-the-unsustainability-of-the-environment https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).30 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Exploring Social and Cognitive skills of Students in Online Classes: A Case Study under Bandura's Theory Mehreen Zafar Qamar Khushi Efficacy Forethought Self Regulatory Social and cognitive skills and Online Classes The current research study in the paradigm of mixed method research tried to explore the social and cognitive skills of students in online classes. Social skills guide students to get a positive attitude in life (Sorlie, 2021)and cognitive skills help students to develop intelligence gain (Colling, 2022). The qualitative (content analysis) and quantitative (statistical means) interpretation of the data collected through surveys and online classroom observation was discussed under Bandura's social cognitive theory(2018). The discussion explored the sub-skills of social and cognitive skills practiced by the students in online classes of Pakistani universities and identified the role of social and economic factors affecting highlighted skills. In online classes, students practiced 37.5 Percent social skills and 62.5 Percent cognitive skills, which reflected the self-regulatory,forethought, self-efficacy and self-reflective capabilities of the students. Female students represented more social talk,whereas male students were more refined in their cognitive skills. The present research helped to unfold the techno features of online classes. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan Professor, Department of English, Bahauddin Zakariya University University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/exploring-social-and-cognitive-skills-of-students-in-online-classes-a-case-study-under-banduras-theory https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).31 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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An Evaluation of Elementary Level (Grade 1) English Textbook with Reference to SNC Framework Sufia Azad Nighat Bashir Text-book Evaluation SNC Document Elementary Level Poetry The present study aims at evaluating the Elementary level (Grade 1) English Textbook of Punjab Curriculum and Textbook Board Lahore in the light of the ideological, psychological and social foundations of the curriculum and the objectives stated of the said class in SNC 2020. The evaluation was done through document analysis and a rubric developed by the researchers themselves. The objective was to do the evaluation of contents of the prescribed book, its layout and design, and its alignment with the ideological, social, and psychological foundations and SLOs of grade 1 mentioned in the SNC document. The aim is to ascertain whether the textbook remained true to its learning outcomes and competencies mentioned in the Curriculum document by the Ministry of Education. The findings confirm that the book met most of the criteria set in the curriculum documents.Still, there are a few shortcomings for which the researchers have suggested certain recommendations. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Education, Islamabad, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Education, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/an-evaluation-of-elementary-level-grade-1-english-textbook-with-reference-to-snc-framework https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).32 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Perception of Corrective Feedback in Pakistani ESL Universities Classroom Afshan Shahzadi Sadia Irshad Corrective Feedback Perception ESL Classrooms Scholars' findings on corrective feedback in their empirical studies show the use of written or oral corrective feedback in university classrooms. The study focuses on examining the effectiveness and learners' perception of oral O/WCF respectively in the university classroom to check to what extent written and oral OCF are used with L2 learners at the BS level and the second aim is based on learners' perceptions, which feedback is viewed more effective and why? Observation data were collected from the classroom. Six lessons have been observed using a structured observation checklist. For OCF teacher-learner interaction has been observed. Observational points were noted in the checklist and WCF learners' assignments have been assessed. Semi-Structured interviews were conducted to know the perceptions of the learners. The study employed a Mixed Method Research approach with a pragmatism paradigm. The findings of this study show, teachers use OCF more compare to WCF. Learners found WCF more effective than OCF. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology, Abbottabad, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Abbottabad University of Science & Technology, Abbottabad, KP, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/perception-of-corrective-feedback-in-pakistani-esl-universities-classroom https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).33 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Factors Affecting Secondary Level Students' Goal Achievement Performance and Self-Worth in L2 Learning in Pakistan Choudhry Shahid Ishfaque Ahmed Abbasi Safia Asif L2 Learning Self-Worth Lack of Concentration Classroom Logistics and Goal Performance Achievement Education at secondary and higher secondary levels serves a crucial role in helping students create their careers. However,the role of the teachers is crucial in the growth of new future professionals. This study investigated the self-awareness role in inspiring upper secondary school teachers and students in Pakistan. This study used a qualitative approach and interviews were used to gather the data to grasp the opinions of (6 males and 6 females = 12) secondary and higher secondary teachers at six different institutions.This study has identified the factors: lack of logistic support, extensive use of mobile phones,discrimination based on abilities and rote learning affecting the Pakistani secondary students’ goal achievement performance and self-worth. With an adequate supply of logistics, training to use technological aids for productive purposes and individual support can help to overcome the problems to help students excel in education. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, Acting Dean of Faculty of Arts and Humanities Superior University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Maths & Social Sciences Department, Sukkur Institute of Business Administration University, Sindh, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of the English, University of Education, Multan Campus, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/factors-affecting-secondary-level-students-goal-achievement-performance-and-selfworth-in-l2-learning-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-I).25 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Analysis of the Difficulties Faced by Teachers in ESL Assessments at the University Level Ammara Iqbal Asma Shahid Kazi Language Assessment ESL Reliability Washback This research aims to study tertiary English language teachers’ experience and perspective of ESL assessment in a public sector university in Lahore. Being a core responsibility and of primary importance in the teaching and learning process, language assessment employs a variety of methods. This research gives an insight into the various difficulties and issues faced by teachers during an assessment. The objective of this research is to explore the hindrances faced by language teachers during the process of assessment. Following the interpretive approach, data were collected from twelve teachers teaching English at the undergraduate level through in-depth interviews. Teachers from a public sector university in Lahore were interviewed till a point of saturation was reached. The interviews of these twelve participants were later transcribed and coded and themes were extracted from them thereafter. The data analysis reveals that the obstacles teachers have to face during assessment can be removed from the system through the adoption of systematic policies. In this way, the best assessment practices according to teachers can be emphasized for the purpose of ESL assessment at the tertiary level. Many improvements can be brought into the whole system to make it better for all stakeholders. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English Language and Literature, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Elementary and Teacher Education, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/analysis-of-the-difficulties-faced-by-teachers-in-esl-assessments-at-the-university-level https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-I).26 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Foundations of Language Fear and Anxiety as Internal Communicative Barriers among L2 Learners at Graduation Level Humaira Akbar Saeed Ahmad Dilawar Khan Anxiety Communicative Barriers Fear Second Language Learners The sole objective of this research was to find out 'the sources of fear and anxiety as internal communicative barriers among L2 learners' and 'the impacts of fear and anxiety as internal communicative barriers.' Data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The majority of the foreign language learners responded that due to internal communicative barriers such as fear and anxiety, their foreign language communicative ability is badly disturbed as the effect of these two internal/affective factors increases, and the communicative ability of L2 learners of BS English decreases. On the contrary, as the influence of these factors decreases, the interactive communication of foreign language learners increases. Favourable teaching conditions and teachers' assistance are the only courses to overcome or minimize the injurious effect of these two internal hindrances. Humanity Publications Visiting Lecturer, Department of English, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Department of English, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalnagar Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Government Graduate College, Jampur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/foundations-of-language-fear-and-anxiety-as-internal-communicative-barriers-among-l2-learners-at-graduation-level https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-I).27 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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English Grammar Rules as an External Barrier Faced by EFL Students for Effective Communication Humaira Akbar Zeshan Hakeem Saeed Ahmad English Grammar Rules External Barrier EFL Students Effective Communication The key objective of the study was to 'investigate English grammar rules as an external barrier faced by EFL students for effective communication and to examine the impact of English grammar rules as an external barrier faced by EFL students for effective communication'. To fulfil the preceding purpose this research utilizes the mixed method approach and for the proper execution of this work, the researcher collected data through a questionnaire. Research data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The results of data analysis illustrate the respondents of the study responded with medium to low degree mean values. The results of the current study reveal that most of the foreign language learners indicated that in the two preceding situations and atmospheres the external barrier such as silent letters, difficult spellings, wrong pronunciation, variation in pronunciation due to complex spelling systems, pronunciation of words matches with their spellings, and lengthy words learners feel a high degree of difficulty and English grammar rules work as a hurdle for effective communication. Humanity Publications Visiting Lecturer, Department of English, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. PST, Government Standard Model Primary School, Multan School Education Department, Punjab Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalnagar Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/english-grammar-rules-as-an-external-barrier-faced-by-efl-students-for-effective-communication https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).34 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:393767 2021-06-30 glr

Lexical Stress and Semantic Range: A Comparative Componential Analysis of Pahari and English Words Mahwish Ashiq Shahid Hussain Mir Sehrish Shafi Language Comparison Pahari Lexical Stress Semantic Field Meanings Componential Analysis Stress is a unique feature in any language's phonology, serving various purposes. The study explores the function of lexical stress in Pahari by presenting a contrast between English and Pahari. In English, stress changes the syntactic category of the word; unlike English, the stress in Pahari not only changes the syntactic category but manages to put the lexical item in an entirely different semantic field with a sharp contrast of meaning. Documented data is insufficient for studying stress in Pahari, as it needs more established literature. Therefore, native Pahari speakers are the participants in exploring the phenomenon. Data analysis revealed that a stress shift in Pahari alters the entire organization of the lexicon in terms of a particular word as the word becomes representative of the different semantic fields. The feature distinguishes Pahari from English and many other languages where the stress changes only the syntactic category, not the semantic field; as a result, the lexical item carries the same conceptual field. An example of the change in the semantic field in Pahari is the word "mundi". Stress on the first syllable, /mÊŠndi/, will occupy the feature of the body part where it means ‘neck’. Stress onthe second syllable /mÊŠnˈdi/ carries the feature of the remaining portion of the trunk of the chopped tree, where it means ‘tree stump’. The study presents a list of such words and their meanings through componential analysis (CA), indicating the same word with two different stress realizations stands for two different semantic fields. This prosodic feature of lexical stress in Pahari is similar the languages like Hebrew. Humanity Publications Lecturer, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. Lecturer, University of Kotli Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Mirpur, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/lexical-stress-and-semantic-range-a-comparative-componential-analysis-of-pahari-and-english-words https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-II).35 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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A Morphosyntactic Analysis of Pronouns in Jatki Language Mehwish Haider Morphosyntactic Features Pronouns Jatki dialect Description Pronouns are morpho-syntactically bounded elements (Gruber, 2017); these word-forms require analysis for clarity in usage and understanding.Generally, languages are constrained in account of their ‘pronominal paradigms’ that results in a fairly systematic usage of these parts of speech (Harley & Ritter, 2002).Across languages pronouns morphologically mark some information regarding their referents, typically person,number, and gender information. Keeping these perspectives in the forefront, the current study aims at investigating the morphosyntactic features of pronouns.It presents a description of the pronouns of the Jatki; a dialect of Punjabi to reveal a systematic usage of these units. The Jatki dialect majorly belongs to the areas of Jhang, Khanewal and other peripheral areas. For this paper, data were gathered through elicitations from the native speakers. Findings of the present study elucidate the distinct forms of pronouns and their varied functionality with reference to their referent nouns in Jatki dialect. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Air University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-morphosyntactic-analysis-of-pronouns-in-jatki-language https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-I).28 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Softening the Propositional Claims: Investigation of Appropriate Use of Hedging Strategies in Academic Writing Tania Laghari Tahreem Akhter Inayatullah Kakepoto Hedging Strategies Discussion Section; Doctoral Dissertations; Academic Writing The current study examines the appropriate usage of hedging strategies in the discussion sections of doctoral dissertations in applied linguistics produced by American and Pakistani writers. To do this, a corpus of 50 discussion sections from doctoral dissertations completed between 2018 and 2020 has been compiled. The primary objective of the current study is to examine the hedging strategies utilized in the discussion part to soften the propositional assertions. Martin’s (2008) taxonomy of hedging strategies was utilized to categorize the various types of hedges found in the texts. A computer concordancing tool (AntConc 3.4) was used in order to analyze two corpora for quantification, which was further supplemented with manual analysis. The findings indicated that American writers utilized more hedging devices in their discussion sections, whereas Pakistani writers used fewer hedging tactics. The findings of this study have implications for academic writing and EFL writing instruction. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Shaheed Benarzirabad, Sindh, Pakistan. Language Academy, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, University Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur. Department of English, Quaid-e- Awam University of Engineering, Science & Technology, Nawabshah, Sindh, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/softening-the-propositional-claims-investigation-of-appropriate-use-of-hedging-strategies-in-academic-writing https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).35 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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A Syntactic Analysis of Null Subjects in Academic Discourse Muhammad Saleem Ayaz Ahmad Aryan Bahramand Shah Classroom Minimalism Null Subject Syntactic Structure Teachers This study uses a minimalist approach to explore the syntactic structures of teachers at the undergraduate level. It aims to find null subject(s) used in the sentence structure of lecturers who teach English in undergraduate classes. For the data collection, two universities of Federal territory in Islamabad were chosen by the researchers. The lectures [of English teachers] delivered in classes were recorded through an audiogenic device which was transcribed word by word manually. The data were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. In qualitative analysis, the transcribed material was analyzed with the help of parsing and a tree diagram. In quantitative studies, the occurrences of the syntactic parameters are shown with tabulations. The data analyzed reveals that the undergraduate teachers use language with three types of null subjects in their syntactic structures, i.e., Imperative Null Subject, Non-finite Null Subject, and Truncated Null Subject. The minimal sentence structure pairs impact a different level of language, changing its dimensions. Humanity Publications Subject Specialist (English), Department of Elementary and Secondary Education, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Area Study Center, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-syntactic-analysis-of-null-subjects-in-academic-discourse https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-I).29 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Deconstructive Intertextual Presentation of Psychological Fragmentation and Alienation in the Selected plays of Edward Albee Faiza Zaheer Ayaz Ahmad Aryan Bahramand Shah Deconstruction Intertextuality Psychological Fragmentation Alienation Multiplicity of Interpretations This paper explores the deconstructive analysis of trauma and alienation keeping in view Julia Kristeva’s Theory of Intertextuality and Jacques Derrida's Theory of Deconstruction to analyze the selected plays of Edward Albee. This paper tries to establish a relationship among various aspects of old and new American Dreams, thematic explorations of different American Playwrights and the existential approaches of Albee and other contemporary American playwrights. This paper has tried to offer an analysis of the selected plays of Edward Albee (1928-2016) to depict the social, personal, and familial emptiness, psychological fragmentation and stagnation while exploring the multiplicity of the texts. This paper will help future researchers to appreciate the texts of different authors while applying deconstructive intertextuality. This paper will also help them to understand the multiple approaches of the texts to develop different theoretical interpretations. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English , Forman Christian College, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Area Study Center, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/deconstructive-intertextual-presentation-of-psychological-fragmentation-and-alienation-in-the-selected-plays-of-edward-albee https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).36 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Learner Autonomy in BS English Classrooms of Southern Punjab: A Learner's Perspective Shahid Ullah Mamuna Ghani BS English Southern Punjab Education Learner Autonomy Students Learner autonomy is a modern approach to language learning that requires maximum involvement of students in all the second language learning activities. This innovative concept has been successfully applied in the second language learning environment in Europe and many countries of Asia. This participation by language learners builds motivation and improves language proficiency. In this research, the researcher has endeavoured to measure the level of learner autonomy among BS English students of Southern Punjab. For this purpose, the researcher has accessed public and private sector universities of Southern Punjab as his population. These universities are Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, BZU Layyah sub-campus, Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Ghazi University DG khan, Emerson University Multan, and Institute of Southern Punjab Multan. The learner autonomy questionnaire by I.P Egel (2003) was adopted to collect data from 600 learners from six universities in Southern Punjab. Data so collected was analyzed with the help of SPSS files version 22. Results have been presented in the form of graphs and tables. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of English Linguistics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Director ETC, Former Dean, Faculty of Arts/ Chairperson, Department of English, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/learner-autonomy-in-bs-english-classrooms-of-southern-punjab-a-learners-perspective https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).37 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Psychological-Distress Effects of Memes: A Critical Discourse Analysis Qurat-Ul-Ain Ayyaz Suman Khursheed Sadia Aslam Depression Meme Manipulation Negative Impact Social Media Psychology The main purpose of this study was to explore the negative impacts of humour-created memes that disturb people’s psyche and their normal routine; it leads them towards depression through imitation and parody in an ironic way to exploit their personal life in the Pakistani context. It manipulates social ideologies, beliefs, thinking and practices. Some popular Facebook pages are Lateetfon Ki Dunya, and Pakistani Political memes are created and spread memes on social media. Memes often serve the purpose of puns and humiliating others (Irfan, 2021). To meet the objective of this study, ten badly effective memes were analysed. The content of these memes plays a crucial role in the production of memes' multimodal discourse because memes discourse is owned by the masses. Internet memes stimulate crowd engagement because they might be seen as a common language (McCulloch, 2019; Milner, 2016). Data were analysed under Fairclough's theoretical framework to elucidate the data detection. This research study indicated that layman uses those platforms to influence the behaviour and living of famous personalities and destroy their individuality by character assassination and they find no escape in this digital age. Humanity Publications Visiting Lecturer, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil. Student, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. Visiting Lecturer, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/psychologicaldistress-effects-of-memes-a-critical-discourse-analysis https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).38 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Pedagogies and Challenges in English Language Learning in Undergraduate Programs in Pakistan: A Review Pedagogies Language Success Learning Challenges Academic Excellence Pakistani EFL Context English has become a universal language for education, commerce, and research. In Pakistan, universities educate in English. This study examines prior research on developing learner self-direction and success in second language learning to help students confrontacademic and professional challenges. This research will look at the present condition of English language education in Pakistan, the challenges instructors and students experience in the EFL setting, and recommendations for policymakers and teachers to increasecommunicative competency and learner autonomy in Pakistan's higher education system. Undergraduates in colleges and universitiesemploy a variety of learning methods to improve their communication abilities. University students are responsible and mature. Teachers' instructional techniques and linguistic skills may make pupils competent and responsible for learning. Learner autonomy promotes responsibility, planning, reflection, and strength- weakness identification. Proficiency in a second language promotes learning, independence and decision-making abilities. By offering social and physical space for language learning, students may progress well in EFL. Humanity Publications 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/pedagogies-and-challenges-in-english-language-learning-in-undergraduate-programs-in-pakistan-a-review https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).39 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Pedagogies and Challenges in English Language Learning in Undergraduate Programs in Pakistan: A Review Choudhry Shahid Safia Asif Rehan Muhammad Pedagogies Language Success Learning Challenges Academic Excellence Pakistani EFL Context English has become a universal language for education, commerce, and research. In Pakistan, universities educate in English. This study examines prior research on developing learner self-direction and success in second language learning to help students confront academic and professional challenges. This research will look at the present condition of English language education in Pakistan, the challenges instructors and students experience in the EFL setting, and recommendations for policymakers and teachers to increase communicative competency and learner autonomy in Pakistan's higher education system. Undergraduates in colleges and universities employ a variety of learning methods to improve their communication abilities. University students are responsible and mature. Teachers' instructional techniques and linguistic skills may make pupils competent and responsible for learning. Learner autonomy promotes responsibility, planning, reflection, and strength- weakness identification. Proficiency in a second language promotes learning, independence and decision-making abilities. By offering social and physical space for language learning, students may progress well in EFL.   Humanity Publications Chairperson, Department of English, Acting Dean of Faculty of Arts and Humanities Superior University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, University of Education Lahore, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Emerson University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/pedagogies-and-challenges-in-english-language-learning-in-undergraduate-programs-in-pakistan-a-review https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).39 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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The Nuptiality of Arranged Marriage Traditions Leading to Generational Gap and Modernity in How it Happened by Shazaf Fatima Haider Faiza Ishfaq Arshad Nawaz Kalsoom Saddique Arranged Marriages Generational Gap Modernity Rigidity Tradition This paper aims to explore the conflict between the younger and older generation due to the two extreme beliefs and rigidity towards their notions. It attempts to achieve the objective of exploring the idea of arranged marriage and other marriage traditions as portrayed in How it Happened by Shazaf Fatima Haider. Using the qualitative method of research, this paper uses multiple secondary texts to analyze the primary text in light of tradition and modernity and generational conflict. It critically analyzes the chosen novel in the light of three different texts focusing on modernity and tradition. The primary text is evaluated in the light of texts by famous critics, that include Social and Cultural Transformations in a Muslim Nation by Mohammed Abdul Qadeer, ‘The Problems of Generations’ by Hungarian sociologist Karl Mannheim and The Consequences of Modernity by English sociologist Anthony Giddens. This paper finds out that it is due to the generational gap and modernity that the younger generation is standing against the older generation in the pursuit of pre-arranged marriage traditions resulting in a clash between them. Humanity Publications Visiting Lecturer, Department of English, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Government College University Faisalabad, Sub-Campus Hafizabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Minhaj University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/the-nuptiality-of-arranged-marriage-traditions-leading-to-generational-gap-and-modernity-in-how-it-happened-by-shazaf-fatima-haider https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).40 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Barriers and Facilitators in Developing Higher-Order Thinking Skills among Students in English Classrooms Shaista Irshad Khan Shawana Fazal Haleema Bano Barriers Critical Thinking Facilitators Higher-order Thinking Skills (HOTS) This qualitative study investigates teachers' and students’ perceptions regarding barriers and facilitators in developing higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) among undergraduate students before and after undertaking the Functional English (FE) course. For data collection, semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions were administered in two phases before and at the completion of the FE course. Thematic analysis was carried out using the NVivo version 10. Analysis revealed that teachers and students considered teachers the most influencing factor for fostering HOTS in English classrooms. A teacher can exemplify, provide a classroom environment in terms of opportunities of asking and responding to questions, and attach value to such thinking skills. Students’ previous experience and exposure in enhancing thinking skills were also mentioned as a potential factor for the aforementioned. The present study implies inculcating HOTS in language classrooms for life-long learning. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Education, University of Haripur, Haripur, PK, Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/barriers-and-facilitators-in-developing-higherorder-thinking-skills-among-students-in-english-classrooms https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-I).35 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Socio-Cultural and Historico-Political Crisis in Harris Khalique's "Between You and Your Love" Maliha Sarfraz Amara Javed Muhammad Iqbal New Historicism Sectarianism Violence Ethno-Cultural Conflicts This paper examines the socio-cultural and political crisis in Between You and Your Love (2012) by the Pakistani Anglophone poet Harris Khalique.Employing Greenblatt's concepts of new historicism as a theoretical framework, this research attempts to establish the embedment of the selected verses in Pakistani society. As the selected poetry collection has not been analyzed through the lens of new historicism, this research will also fill this gap. The study reveals that the people of Karachi have been facing ethnocultural violence, sectarian clashes, and native-migrant conflicts since the inception of Pakistan. The shrinking space for cultural expression and thriving terrorism due to politico-sectarian division on the one hand, and Pakistan's involvement in the War on terror in the context of 9/11 on the other hand, have pushed the country into a perpetual state of crisis. Khalique has given voice to such dire issues related to regional identities and marginalized communities who are either not represented or misrepresented in the officialnarrative. Humanity Publications Associate Professor, Department of English, Government Graduate College (Women), Sahiwal, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Government College Women University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Govt. Graduate College, Abdullahpur, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/sociocultural-and-historicopolitical-crisis-in-harris-khaliques-between-you-and-your-love https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-I).30 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Two Tales of a City: Lahore in the Literary Narratives of Bapsi Sidhwa and Mumtaz Shahnawaz Amina Ghazanfar Fayaz Ahmad Kumar Lahore Partition Mumtaz Shahnawaz Bapsi Sidhwa Partition Literature This paper analyzes two novels of Pakistani female authors i.e. Bapsi Sidhwa’s Ice Candy Man (1988) and Mumtaz Shahnawaz’s The Heart Divided (1957). Both the authors present Lahore as a metropolitan that was the center of all the political happenings; a city space that provided women the opportunity to participate in the public sphere. The central theme of the selected novels is the Partition of the Indian Subcontinent. Sidhwa and Shahnawaz reconstruct the experience of Partition in their works. Both novels are set in the city of Lahore in which authors are engaged with the recent political and social history of the Subcontinent. Both authors chronicle Partition through their female narratives. Their fictional characters document the role of women in the Partition movement. Sidhwa’s novel provides the inclusive view of the diverse feminine role of women during Partition. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English (UGS), National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan Lecturer, Department of English (ELT), National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/two-tales-of-a-city-lahore-in-the-literary-narratives-of-bapsi-sidhwa-and-mumtaz-shahnawaz https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).41 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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The Discursive Representation of Proletariat Subjectivity: A Critical Discourse Analysis of the Working Class in Hard Times, and Oliver Twist Saba Siddique Nazish Irfan Ullah Discourse Analysis Representation Proletariat Oliver TwistHard Times This research is a social study of poverty and the way Charles Dickens's Hard Times (1992), and Oliver Twist (2003) specifically addressed the poor. This study will focus on socially disadvantaged members of Victorian society, including poor children and underprivileged adults. This critical analysis of Dickens' selected novels will demonstrate that Dickens was a realist and naturalist writer in some way; As a result, the subject of this research is the traces of bourgeois exploitation of the poor and working class through various means, most notably through language in his social novels in relation to Marxism. This study will also use Norman Fairclough three-dimensional model of critical discourse analysis. This research concludes the analysis by presenting the gap between the higher class and lower class and its impact on the lower class. Humanity Publications Visiting Faculty, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Women University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/the-discursive-representation-of-proletariat-subjectivity-a-critical-discourse-analysis-of-the-working-class-in-hard-times-and-oliver-twist https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).42 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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An Analysis of the Concept of Survivance in Shadows of the Pomegranate Tree and The Heirs of Columbus Amir Turky Ghani Rahman Mariam Bibi Survival Resistance Moors Red Indians Anarchism The current research explores the concept of survivance in The Heirs of Columbus by Vizenor (1991) and in Shadows of Pomegranate Tree (2014) by Ali. The selected novels were analyzed through the qualitative content analysis technique under the concepts of the theoretical framework of anarchism. The analysis shows that the Moors in The Shadows of Pomegranate Tree and the Red Indians in The Heirs of Columbus have always survived through anarchist survivance (survival through resistance) when they were expropriated of their lands, properties and culture by the Euro-American colonizers. The analysis shows that Moors and Red Indians in the late fifteen century as depicted in the novel had survived through resistance for securing their unique civilizations against foreign oppression. The dispossession of their properties was openly resisted in spite of the acceptance of other types of dispossessions. The protagonists Zuhayr-al-fahl and Stone Columbus at the end of both novels symbolize the concept of survivance as a tactic through continued struggle against colonial encroachment. It was concluded that the cruelties of the colonizers were resisted by the colonized people with an anarchist concept and spirit of survivance. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, University Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, University Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, University Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/an-analysis-of-the-concept-of-survivance-in-shadows-of-the-pomegranate-tree-and-the-heirs-of-columbus https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-I).31 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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An Analysis of Intonation Patterns of English Interrogative Sentences Produced by Undergraduate Students in District Mansehra Touseef Ahmed Ghani Rahman Shahabullah Intonation English Interrogatives Patterns ToBI Model Native Non-native This research intends to discover the tonal configurations of English Interrogative sentences used by undergraduate students of English in District Mansehra. The intonation patterns of English interrogative sentences used by undergraduate students were compared with those of native speakers of English. An experimental design was used to collect data from a sample of eighteen students (nine female and nine male) in the form of recordings and was run on PRAAT software to identify the intonation configuration of the recorded utterances. The analysis showed that non-native speakers used a variety of intonation patterns in the utterances of English language. In the comparison with the results of utterances by native speakers, it was observed that in yes/no questions, there was a slight difference between the percentages. Contrastively, in wh-questions, a significant difference was observed, as native speakers used a High-Low pattern whereas non-native speakers used the opposite one. Humanity Publications M.Phil. Scholar, Department of English, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology, Abbottabad, KP, Pakistan 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/an-analysis-of-intonation-patterns-of-english-interrogative-sentences-produced-by-undergraduate-students-in-district-mansehra https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).43 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Commodification and Alienation in Edward Albee's Play The Sandbox Abdul Rasheed Soomro Syed Mushahid Hussain Shah Rubina Arain Edward Albee The Sandbox Alienation Commodification Karl Marx This research paper delves into the themes of alienation and commodification in American culture as depicted in Edward Albee's one-act drama, The Sandbox. Albee, known for his cynical observations of American society and the illusory American Dream, uses the play to explore the complexities of modern life through the perspectives and interactions of its characters. Through a close examination of the family members' dialogues and the symbol of the sandbox, this study aims to reveal the various ways in which the characters experience alienation and commodification. The significance of this research lies in its ability to shed light on the ways in which these behaviours manifest in contemporary society and how they are portrayed in literature. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Institute of English Language & Literature, Shah Abdul Latif University, Kharipur. Sindh, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English Language & Literature, Shah Abdul Latif University, Ghotki Campus, Sindh, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Institute of English Language & Literature, Shah Abdul Latif University, Kharipur, Sindh, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/commodification-and-alienation-in-edward-albees-play-the-sandbox https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-II).44 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Hamlet from the Perspective of Holy Quran, Hadith, and Buddhism’s Dukkha: An Analytical Study of Language Learning Process Akeel Ahmed Misbah Ashraf The Holy Quran Hadith Tripitaka Hamlet Soliloquies The prime objective of this study is to find traces of the Quran, Hadith, and Buddhism in Shakespeare’s Hamlet, an eponymous play. Certain critics term it a religious allegory or religious play, but all of them have commented in a sweeping manner. The paper has investigated what elements of these two different religions are found in the play. The paper referred to certain relevant segments of Quranic verses and Hadith. But the references to Buddhism and Buddha will be in a general manner. The soliloquies, asides, and dialogues of Hamlet with different characters especially of Gertrude shall be taken into account. The main focus shall be on the relevant Holy Quranic verses whose deeper meaning and superficial meanings find a touch in the witty but obtuse dialogues of Hamlet. The paper will further undertake the study of whether Shakespeare has ever studied the religious books: The Tripitaka, the Holy Quran, and Hadith. Humanity Publications Department of English, Government Graduate College, Pasrur Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. Visiting Lecturer, University of Education Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/hamlet-from-the-perspective-of-holy-quran-hadith-and-buddhisms-dukkha-an-analytical-study-of-language-learning-process https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-I).32 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Dialectal Phonology: The Analysis of American and Pakistani English Pronunciation by Balochi Speakers at SBK Women's University Quetta, Balochistan Gul Aizaz Gul Khanda Orientalism Othering Role Conflicts Self-Transformation Native languages frequently interfere with English, the study examines the phonetic distinctions between English (L2) and Balochi (L1), emphasizing the ways in which the former influences at the phonological difficulties in English consonants in Balochi-speaking students at Sardar Bahadur Khan Women University (SBKWU), Quetta. The study makes use of Kirkpatrick's (2010) Lingua Franca as a Multilingual Model, which promotes teaching English in a way that enhances rather than detracts from regional languages. The qualitative study centers how much L1 interference impacts Balochi speakers' ability to communicate and learn in English, as well as how these pronunciation issues effect their fluency and intelligibility. According to the study, the influence of Balochi phonology causes recurrent problems with articulating specific English consonants. The findings suggest that language education methods can be enhanced by a greater comprehension of L1-L2 interaction.  Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. PhD Scholars, Department of English Linguistics, at IIUI, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/dialectal-phonology-the-analysis-of-american-and-pakistani-english-pronunciation-by-balochi-speakers-at-sbk-womens-university-quetta-balochistan https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-I).33 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Intersecting Oppressions: A Marxist-Feminist Critique of Class Struggle and Gender Subjugation in Shirley Jackson’s The Lottery Gul Aizaz Memona Mujahid Marxist-Feminist Criticism Class Struggle Gender Oppression Ideological Control Shirley Jackson The Lottery This study presents a Marxist-Feminist critique of Shirley Jackson’s The Lottery, exposing the intersections of class oppression and gender subjugation within a rigidly hierarchical society. Through the lens of Marxist theory, the research examines how economic power structures manipulate individuals into accepting systemic violence, reinforcing capitalist control through ideological conditioning. The tradition of The Lottery functions as an instrument of coercion, ensuring that the working class remains subservient to an exploitative order. Meanwhile, feminist theory particularly radical feminism reveals how patriarchal structures marginalize women, rendering them voiceless and complicit in their own oppression. The analysis underscores how the villagers, despite momentary glimpses of dissent, remain bound by inherited traditions that sustain both class and gender inequalities. Employing an integrated theoretical framework that synthesizes Marxist and feminist perspectives, this study unpacks how The Lottery serves as an allegory for the perpetuation of institutionalized violence under the guise of tradition.  Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. M. Phil Scholar, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/intersecting-oppressions-a-marxistfeminist-critique-of-class-struggle-and-gender-subjugation-in-shirley-jacksons-the-lottery https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-I).36 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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The Impact of Emotional Valence on Lexical Choice in Social Media: A Corpus-Based Psycholinguistic Study Mudassir Zaman Emotional Valence Social Media Communication Psycholinguistic This paper examines the role of emotional valence (positive vs. negative emotion) in lexical choice in social media communication, using Twitter as an example. It makes such a comparison between personal (individual users) and professional (organizational accounts) situations based on the Affect Infusion Model (Forgas, 1995), Pollyanna Hypothesis (Boucher and Osgood, 1969), and Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis. A balanced corpus of 32 simulated English tweets was examined using a mixed-methods approach, using quantitative (lexical frequency, Type-Token Ratio) and qualitative discourse interpretation (tone, framing, figurative language) measures. Results showed that personal tweets had more lexical variety, figurative speech, and emotional variability; the professional tweets were more positive, formal, and relatively unemotional, especially in the negative contexts. Humanity Publications Secondary School Teacher/ ESL, Government Higher Secondary School Fatima, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 2021-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/the-impact-of-emotional-valence-on-lexical-choice-in-social-media-a-corpusbased-psycholinguistic-study https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-IV).14 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 4 Pakistan

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The Interplay Between Syntax, Semantics, and Pragmatics in Language Education: How Teaching Sentence Structure, Meaning, and Context Shape Effective Communication Skills Irfan Ullah Aqsa Goloona Syntax Instruction; Semantic Precision; Pragmatics Teaching; Communicative Competence; Efl Learners; Integrated Pedagogy; Classroom Intervention This paper addressed the issue of whether teaching syntax, semantics, and pragmatics simultaneously can enhance communication of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners. A quasi-experimental design had two groups of 60 intermediate-level college learners: an Integrated Instruction Group (syntax-semantics-pragmatics) and a Syntax-Only Group (grammar-focused). Through communicative activities, the integrated group acquired sentence patterns, meaning mapping and contextual applications in a period of eight weeks. The results of pre-test and post-tests on syntactic accuracy, semantic precision, pragmatic competence and overall speaking/writing performance indicated that both groups had improved, but the integrated group performed better than the syntax-only group, specifically in pragmatic appropriateness. The findings of role play showed that integrated instruction created superior contextual adaptation in terms of more mitigation strategies and less pragmatic mismatch. The research recommends that a teacher should teach syntax, meaning, and context more as a unit of teaching rather than as individual ones. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. BS Student, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/the-interplay-between-syntax-semantics-and-pragmatics-in-language-education-how-teaching-sentence-structure-meaning-and-context-shape-effective-communication-skills https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(VI-II).36 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Investigating the Tenets of Post-structuralism in George Orwell's Animal Farm Nazia Hassan Khan Marriam Bashir Raj Wali Khan Post-Structuralism Deconstruction Power Knowledge Logocentricism Allegory Decenter In literary theory, the term Post-structuralism is a prominent concept which is built upon structuralism and at the same time it negates the ideas associated with that. Though post-structuralists all present different critiques of structuralism, common themes among them include the rejection of the self-sufficiency of structuralism, as well as an interrogation of the binary oppositions that constitute its structures. Accordingly, post-structuralism discards the idea of interpreting media (or the world) within pre-established, socially constructed structures. The purpose of this research was to revisit Post-Structuralism by selecting George Orwell's Animal Farm as a target text for this research. Post-Structuralists like Derrida (1966),Foucault (1994), and Barthes (1975) argue that no ultimate truth can be found with the help of binary opposition. Power and knowledge change the truth and pre-existing realities into a new phenomena. This research endorses the ideas of poststructuralists and Animal Farm offers allegorical representation which indicates a multiplicity of truth. Humanity Publications M. Phil English Researcher, Department of Linguistics & Literature, Qurtuba University of Science and Information Technology, Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, School of English, Faculty of Languages, Minhaj University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Islamia College Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. 2022-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/investigating-the-tenets-of-poststructuralism-in-george-orwells-animal-farm https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-III).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Interior Monologue as a Stylistic Device in Constructing the Character of Santiago in Hemingway's The Old Man and the Sea Saima Perveen Shaista Ghazanfar Muddasra Nasir Corpus Stylistics Monologues Pronouns Character Analysis The current investigation takes up Ernest Hemingway’s The Old Man and the Sea and provides a corpus-based analysis by selecting monologues as data for this study. The focal point of this corpus analysis is to highlight and identify textual features in the construction of the character of Santiago. This study goes for a corpus stylistic analysis of the selected text and unravels textual features which were previously unnoticed. Only monologues are selected as corpus data and AntConc 3.5.8 (Anthony, 2010) is utilized as a tool for corpus analysis. The study displays the significant role of corpus-based approaches for a better understanding of a literary text. It is clear after this analysis, corpus-based approaches in studying Hemingway's monologues highlight linguistic features of monologues and provide new avenues and perspectives, thus enhancing the value of literary corpus stylistics. Humanity Publications Visiting Lecturer, NFC Institute of Engineering and Technology, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Division of Arts and Social Sciences, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Adjunct Faculty, Institute of Southern Punjab, Multan, Pakistan. 2022-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/interior-monologue-as-a-stylistic-device-in-constructing-the-character-of-santiago-in-hemingways-the-old-man-and-the-sea https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-III).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Analyzing the social and ideological effects of 9/11: A Meta-critical analysis of The Blind Man's garden and Kite Runner Sana Riaz Marina khan Saddam Ul Islam 9/11 War Traumatic effects of Tri-Nation War Islamic Symbols Resemblance Appearance Sikhs Muslims This study explains the social, economic, geographical and political imprints of an imposed war as a result of an unfortunate incident known to the world as 9/11.The study specifically unveils the traumatic effects of the identity that the West has related to symbolising Muslims and Islam. The purpose of the study is to bring under discussion the opinionated and judgmental approach of Western nations/media towards Islam and Muslims. The study purposes to frame a scheme against violence non-violently by highlighting the sense of hatred that has developed as a result of misapprehension between Islam and other nationalities. The basic purpose of the study is to clarify the image of Islam to the world that the ugliness of 9/11 has affected not only the West, as they picture it, rather Muslims specifically and other religions, The Sikhs for instance, have also faced the adverse circumstances because of an imposed 9/11 war. Humanity Publications Demonstrator in English, Department Of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer in English, Department of English & Applied Linguistics, University of Lakki Marwat, KP, Pakistan. 2022-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/analyzing-the-social-and-ideological-effects-of-911-a-metacritical-analysis-of-the-blind-mans-garden-and-kite-runner https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-III).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 3 Pakistan

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A Corpus-based Analysis of Lexical Cohesion in Charles Dickens's Great Expectations Muhammad Ajmal Samina Rana Safia Siddiqui Corpus Analysis Cohesive Devices Great Expectations Textual Meanings This study endeavours to dissect the lexical items in Charles Dickens's Great Expectations. The researchers applied corpus-based analysis to get the statistical results and the software which has been used as a tool in this study is AntConc 3.5.8. Three main features have been investigated in detail which are collocations, function words and their frequency of these. This statistical study will help the literary critic, further statistical results about the style of cohesive devices and it will also lead the students to consider the text from a more syntactical perspective. A quantitative analysis follows a qualitative one as the corpus-based results are shown in a statistical way and then interpreted qualitatively. Humanity Publications Associate Professor, Department of Linguistics & Literature, Qurtuba University of Science and Information Technology, Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan. Associate Professor of English, Higher Education Department, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English (Literature), The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-corpusbased-analysis-of-lexical-cohesion-in-charles-dickenss-great-expectations https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-III).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 3 Pakistan

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A Deconstructive Analysis of Mohsin Hamid's Moth Smoke Shamsa Faiz Iqra Fatima Muhammad Ajmal Binary Opposition Deconstruction Derrida Referance Signs Mohsin Hamid The aim of the current study is to deconstruct the foremost idea of individuals' struggle in Moth Smoke by Mohsin Hamid. Deconstruction theory states that language is a system of signs (signifier/signified) and, more distinctively, a system of binary oppositions, differences and contradictions. With the application of the Difference, as a tool, the study tries to investigate the non-centricity and free play of signifiers in the novel. The study also identifies the binary oppositions in the novel and destabilizes them by the application of deconstruction theory, given by Jacques Derrida. The result suggests that the deconstructive interpretation of Moth Smoke is rarely definite; instead, it seeks to always problematize the meaning of the text and suggest the depth to which the text operates. The new standpoints regarding man's great effort to survive in society, desire, death, depravity, power, jealousy, redundancy, insatiability, desire, and injustice of our judiciary system are deconstructed. Humanity Publications M. Phil English Researcher, Department of Linguistics & Literature, Qurtuba University of Science and Information Technology, Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, English Language Centre, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor of English, Department of Linguistics & Literature, Qurtuba University of Science and Information Technology, Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan. 2022-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-deconstructive-analysis-of-mohsin-hamids-moth-smoke- https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-III).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Foreign Language Learners' Opinion about English Pronunciation as Communicative Hurdle Humaira Akbar Saeed Ahmad Muhammad Yousuf Communicative Hurdle English Pronunciation External Communicative Barrier Foreign Language Learners The study was conducted to 'investigate ESL students' attitudes about English pronunciation as a communicative hurdle and to explore the effects of ESL students' attitudes about English pronunciation as a communicative hurdle'. This research utilizes the mixed method approach and for the proper execution of this work, the researcher collected data through a questionnaire. Research data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Responding to eight statements the respondents showed complete disagreement and replied that difficult words create no difficulty in pronouncing them, they feel no confusion about silent letters like a knife, difficult spellings are less problematic to speak, variation in pronunciation due to complex spelling creates no problem, pronunciation does not depend on only spellings, pronunciation of words matches with their spellings does not become the cause of trouble for them, and lengthy words are less difficult to pronounce them correctly. Humanity Publications Visiting Lecturer, Department of English, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalnagar Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. English Teacher, Govt. Higher Secondary School Samina, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/foreign-language-learners-opinion-about-english-pronunciation-as-communicative-hurdle- https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-III).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Construal of Political Identity in News Headlines: An Inquiry into Memogate Scandal Tazanfal Tehseem News Reporting Political Identity Memogate Scandal Ideology and Transitivity This paper explores the linguistic construal of political identity in Memogate Scandal in Pakistan with a focus on its discursive construction in a way that portrays the main stakeholders: Government, Opposition and the former Pakistani Ambassador to the US. The linguistic choices which are significant to key aspects of identity discourses within a coherent framework reflect the underlying ideology of the journalists. Therefore, deconstructing texts to identify agents helps the analysts to uncover implicit interpretations and biases that media discourses exhibit. The paper draws on two analytical frameworks of discourse analysis i.e., transitivity analysis and kinds of entities (Martin and Rose, 2003). The reason for working with two frameworks is that the former helps in finding entities deployed in different roles on the cline of dynamism (Hasan, 1985) and the latter is done through participant representation at the level of nominal group, classified in three categories - concrete, abstract and metaphoric. The analysis has shown noticeable linguistic resources which help writers to refer to entities in an ideological way; for example, in the government category, the Pakistan leader has been referred as Zardari - a politician vs. the President and Presidency, and the ambassador has been shown likewise. In contrast, entities from the opposition have been deployed in individual capacities like Nawaz, Imran etc. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/construal-of-political-identity-in-news-headlines-an-inquiry-into-memogate-scandal https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-III).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 3 Pakistan

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A New Historicist Critique of Institutional Failure in Aatir's Straggling Through Fire: An Anthology of Proemistry Amna Nageen Riaz Muhammad Ijaz Pakistani English Poetry New Historicism Institutional Failure Proemistry Straggling through Fire is the creative critique of the deterioration of democratic socio-political institutions of Pakistan. Contemporary socio-cultural and political circumstances reflect the plight and sufferings of the masses. They are deprived of their fundamental human rights. New historicism propounds the idea of studying a text within its context. It comprehends literature in its socio-cultural and political context. This study is supported by the theoretical perspectives of Foucault, Greenblatt, and Montrose. Foucault’s concepts of power, subject, knowledge, discourse and the relationship between text, author and reader weave the fabric of the research. Greenblatt’s concept of resonance and wonder and Montrose’ concept of ‘historicity of text’ and ‘textuality of history’ help locate the issues responsible for institutional failure and social upheavals. The present work finds out that public suffers due to the malperformance and failure of democratic socio-political institutions. Humanity Publications Honorary Lecturer in English, Government Graduate College for Women Samanabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. M. Phil Scholar, Institute of Southern Punjab, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer in English, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-new-historicist-critique-of-institutional-failure-in-aatirs-straggling-through-fire-an-anthology-of-proemistry https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-III).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Perceptions of English Language Learners about E-Learning during COVID-19 Pandemic at Kohat University of Science and Technology Shabnam Parveen COVID-19 Perceptions E-learning English Language The COVID-19 Pandemic has had an impact on almost every sector including education, the economy, lifestyle, and health. Several educational institutions all over the world have totally shifted to virtual education. The goal of this study is to examine how English language learners in Pakistan's ESL (English as a Second Language) setting perceive online learning during the Covid-19 outbreak at Kohat University of Science and Technology in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The study was conducted at Kohat University of Science and Technology. Data for this study were gathered using an adapted questionnaire. 150 students from the BS English department were chosen using the convenience sampling method. A pilot study was conducted on 30 students of BS English last year students. The questionnaire's reliability and validity were tested using SPSS software version 22. It was found that English language learners have positive perceptions about e-learning and they further want improvement of e-learning not only in an emergency but also in a normal situation. Humanity Publications Mphil Scholar in applied linguistics, Department of English, University of Science and Technology, Kohat, KP, Pakistan. 2022-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/perceptions-of-english-language-learners-about-elearning-during-covid19-pandemic-at-kohat-university-of-science-and-technology https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-III).09 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Fear and Anxiety in the Novel: A Case of Exploding Mangoes Sara Khan Asmat A. Sheikh Anxiety Fear Psychology Stress This research investigates the atmosphere of anxiety and fear as prevalent in the novel A Case of Exploding Mangoes by Muhammad Hanif. To execute the current study the researcher applied Freud's theory of personality development and psychoanalysis. The major character of the novel General Zia ul Haq exercised his strong power and controlled the Government of Pakistan by the takeover of the military forces till his death in an air crash near Bahawalpur. The various conditions expose the level of anxiety he was suffering from. General Zia ul Haq's rising tone and anger well portray his psychological condition while giving orders to his Generals on different occasions. The study also exposes and makes it clear that ordinary people living in society are dragged by the drastic, unfavorable and most stressful conditions to face fear, stress, depression, and anxiety. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of English, Women University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of English, Women University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/fear-and-anxiety-in-the-novel-a-case-of-exploding-mangoes https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-III).10 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 3 Pakistan

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The Impact of Explicit Corrective Feedback on Learning English Conditional Sentences Khalid Shah Ghani Rahman Arif Khan Complex Structures Corrective Feedback English Conditionals Explicit Implicit This study investigates the impact of corrective feedback on enhancing the student's ability to correctly use English conditional sentences. The study used a quasi-experimental design for data analysis. The data was collected from a sample of hundred students selected through a convenient sampling technique studying English in 9th class in English medium schools in Upper Dir. The homogeneous results of the control and experimental group in the pre-test before intervention and better performance in the post-test by the experimental group confirmed through t-tests showed a positive impact of explicit corrective feedback on learning English conditional sentences. A significant effect was seen on the experimental group suggesting that explicit corrective feedback is required for students at secondary to learn the complex structure of English. In light of the findings, it is suggested that explicit corrective feedback focuses on students' deficiencies and might increase their drive to learn more about their mistakes and correct themselves in time. Humanity Publications M.Phil. Scholar, Department of English, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. M.Phil. Scholar, Department of English, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. 2022-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/the-impact-of-explicit-corrective-feedback-on-learning-english-conditional-sentences https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-III).11 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 3 Pakistan

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A Stylistics Analysis of Taufiq Rafat's Reflection Zaheena Ayaz Sardar Ali Nazish Style Stylistics Phonological Lexical and Morphological This paper aimed to elaborate Taufiq Rafat’s poem “Reflection” with the help of stylistic analysis.The method of this paper is qualitative and quantitative.Two type of data has been collected by the writer of this paper one type of data is primary data poem Reflection while another one is secondary data articles, other research paper and online website etc. This paper seens through the perspective of Lexical Level, Morphological Level, and Phonological Level. The author of this research paper also find out that the use of parts of speech Lexical Level the use of compounding and affixes Morphological Level and the repetition of vowel and consonant sound and rhyme Phonological Level. This elaboration or analysis is play important role in the understanding of readers. This analysis is also helpful in the revealing of the meaning of the poem. Humanity Publications BS Graduate, Department of English, University of Buner, Buner, KP, Pakistan Lecturer, Department of English, University of Buner, Buner, KP, Pakistan Lecturer, Women University Mardan, KP, Pakistan 2022-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-stylistics-analysis-of-taufiq-rafats-reflection https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-III).12 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Pakistan, Anti-Americanism and Talibanization In "Three Cups of Tea" Rafia Batool Samina Amin Qadir Zoomorphism Narrative Technique Greek Literary Term Animal-Like Quality Humanized Animal Little Bird Moth This study investigates the portrayal of Pakistan and Talibanization in American writer, Greg Mortenson’s Three Cups of Tea (2006). The study reveals how Mortenson treated Talibanization and anti-Americanism in Pakistan during his travel and stay in Pakistan. The text was analysed thematically through Braun and Clarke’s model, using Edward Said’s concepts of Orientalism as a basic framework. The selected work depicts that Talibanization and anti-Americanism as depicted by Mortenson do not correspond with the timeline of the travelogue. Moreover, unlike his claim of Pakistan is a dangerous place, he has been welcomed by the public and left totally unharmed. The only instance of hostility (his abduction) was unrelated to his nationality and Talibanization. To make his work more relatable to the time of its publication, the author has been involved in overstating as well as deliberate additions of events. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of English, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Professor Emeritus, Department of English, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/pakistan-antiamericanism-and-talibanization-in-three-cups-of-tea https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-IV).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Critical Analysis of Zoomorphism Narrative Language Technique: Little Bird Moth's attributes in the Characters of Moth Smoke by Mohsin Hamid Sana Nazir Ahmed Abrar Ajmal Adeel Khalid Zoomorphism Narrative Technique Greek Literary Term Animal-Like Quality Humanized Animal Little Bird Moth Zoomorphism is the literary Greek language term used for animal characteristics in people, divine creatures, and lifeless things that are not animals but act like animals. This research paper deeply analyzes the text of "Moth Smoke" which is written by Mohsin Hamid. The present research aims to explore how Zoomorphistic interpretations are created in literary content. The study uncovered the secret nature which is hidden in the habits, manners, and attitudes of the characters which whom they work in the story. The complete text of Mohsin Hamid's novel, "Moth Smoke" (MS), is the primary data analysis source. The researchers investigated the flying little bird Moth's attributes which exist in the various characters of the novel as applied to "humanized" animals. The present study presumes that the zoomorphism strategy can work as an analytical tool in the linguistics analysis of literary text which also can work as a useful systematic analytical tool for the consideration of a scholarly text of the novel's characters in Moth Smoke with the instinct of Moth. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English Language and Literature, English Language Center, Minhaj University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Minhaj University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, English Language and Literature, Forman Christian College, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/critical-analysis-of-zoomorphism-narrative-language-technique-little-bird-moths-attributes-in-the-characters-of-moth-smoke-by-mohsin-hamid https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-IV).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Attitude of English Language Teachers at Higher Education Institutions towards the Varieties of English Language in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan Ome Roman Mansoor Ali Syed Azaz Ali Shah Kachru Model Teachers Attitude Varieties of English Language World Englishes In English language education, the choice of an appropriate English language variety to be used in the classroom for second language learners becomes a controversial issue due to the global spread of the English language. This study aims to solve this puzzle of selecting which English language variety be used in universities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Most of the work focuses on learners and teachers’ attitudes towards varieties of the English language. The proposed study uses a mixed-method research design to obtain data. A structured questionnaire and a semi-structured interview have been selected for 78 lecturers. 46 EL instructors from KUST and 32 EL teachers from KKKUK completed the questionnaire. The study identify that English language teachers belief in British and Pakistani English's as the best varieties, while they have some positive attitude towards American English variety. The study finds out the clear differences among teachers attitude between two different groups. Humanity Publications Department of English, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, KP, Pakistan. Department of English, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, KP, Pakistan. Department of English, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, KP, Pakistan. 2022-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/attitude-of-english-language-teachers-at-higher-education-institutions-towards-the-varieties-of-english-language-in-khyber-pakhtunkhwa-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-IV).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 4 Pakistan

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The Psychological Aspect of Colours in Marketing: A Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis Sadia Aslam Qurat-Ul-Ain Ayyaz Suman Khursheed Colour Cognition Marketing Packaging Product Psychology Choosing a colour for designing a product and its packaging is one of the most crucial marketing strategies for attracting consumers in all businesses (Amsteus et al., 2015). This research offered some thoughts on the selection of colour in marketing, bearing in mind which colour attracts consumers' cognition and psyche. To know the impact of colours, multiple images of various products were taken as the source for critical discourse analysis semiotically to demonstrate how colours play a vital role in conveying a predetermined message. According to Khattak (2021), within 90 seconds, consumers can make their decisions regarding products while just seeing the product packaging colours. Approximately 62 to 90% of how consumer views product is based only on colour perception. This study determines the role of colours in designing a product and its packagingfor attracting consumers' attention. According to the findings, colours are crucial for the psychology of marketing to engage consumers. Humanity Publications Visiting Lecturer, Department of English, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. Visiting Lecturer, Department of English, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil. Scholar, Department of English, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/the-psychological-aspect-of-colours-in-marketing-a-multimodal-critical-discourse-analysis https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-IV).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Representation Of Sexual Exploitation In Bapsi Sidhwa’s Novel Water Shaima Gul Hussain Haider Ali Muhammad Saqib Bapsi Sidhwa Water Marriage Dowager Independence Deepa Mehta This research sheds light on SusancBrownmiller's literary theory "Against Our Will: Women,Men, and Rape" in the context of Bapsi Sidhwa's, novel ‘Water’. Rape is one of the most horrific crimes in our culture, and victims are often the only ones who are negatively affected by it. The evil of rape has so drastically affected the lives of women in a patriarchal society that it is no wonder to find its clear depiction in literature andsociety. The novel ‘Water’ (2006) has highlighted child marriage and the unprotected sorrows of Indian women before independence. This study examines how marriage becomes a turning point in the lives of female characters in the selected text. How they are tortured in ashrams inparticular and the ideological tensions they face in Indian society in general. The study is qualitative in nature, and the tool used for the analysis of the text is Content Analysis. Humanity Publications Student, Department of English, University of Buner, Buner, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Govt Post- Graduate Jahanzeb College, Saidu Sharif, Swat, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, University of Buner, Buner, KP, Pakistan. 2022-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/representation-of-sexual-exploitation-in-bapsi-sidhwas-novel-water https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-IV).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Vaccine Inequality and Hesitancy in Pakistan: a Multi-modal Analysis of Covid-19 Cartoons in Pakistani Newspapers Arooj Rana Tahir Ayoub Shazia Akbar Ghilzai COVID-19 Political Cartoons Vaccine Inequality Visual Communication Vaccine Hesitancy Political cartoons are humorous and graphical representations of specific situations, events, and thoughts that have the power to change individuals’ minds (Morris, 1992). The present study investigates the humorous and satirical depiction of vaccine inequalityand hesitancy in the Covid-19 political cartoons published in Pakistan. The cartoons have been qualitatively analyzed as a powerful medium for visual communication on the contemporary challenge of vaccination in Pakistan. In total, 8 political cartoons have been purposively selected from four Pakistani English Newspapers. The theoretical notions of Machin (2007) have been adopted to analyze the semiotic and linguistic resources present in the cartoons. The findings show that various semiotic and linguistic resources have been utilized to expose economic discrepancies, the dominant elite, and prejudiced policies of the government as reasons for vaccine inequality in the country. Moreover, owing to various conspiracy theories and anti-preventive agendas against COVID-19, individuals in Pakistan are vaccine-hesitant. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Tahir Ayoub Visiting Lecturer, Department of English, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Paksitan. 2022-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/vaccine-inequality-and-hesitancy-in-pakistan-a-multimodal-analysis-of-covid19-cartoons-in-pakistani-newspapers https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-IV).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Exploring Autonomous Learning of English Language through Digital Literacy: A Study in Pakistani Context Zara Naseer Mehreen Zafar Arooj Riaz Autonomous Language Learning Constructivism Computer Assisted Learning Digital Literacy Learner’s Autonomy The purpose of this mixed-method design research is to (1) investigate the factors that affect students to regulate their autonomous learning of language through digital literacy. (2) find out how digital literacy can be used to create an equal opportunity for all students to be successful autonomous language learners, and (3) analyze to what extent digital literacy helps students to improve their academic achievement. The quantitative data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, whereas the qualitative data was processed employing thematicanalysis. The outcomes indicated that the students participated in many out-of-class English learnin practices. The results of interviews reflected the results of the questionnaires, with learners reporting both external and internal reasons that affected their decision to switch to autonomous learning of English. Humanity Publications Visiting Lecturer, Department of English, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab,Pakistan. Visiting Lecturer, Department of English, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/exploring-autonomous-learning-of-english-language-through-digital-literacy-a-study-in-pakistani-context https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-IV).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Aligarh Movement: The Torchbearer of Modern Trends in Urdu Literature Attif Raza Bakht Munir Ekaterina Gavrishyk Aligarh Urdu Literature Trends Sir Syed Ahmad Khan Movement Aligarh Movement can rightly be considered as the torchbearer of modern trends in Urdu literature as it introduced new trends in Urdu literature hitherto non-existent therein. The efforts of the exponents of the movement expanded the horizons of Urdu literature beyond poetry that too, in the past, was limited only to the praise of the beloved; it enabled Urdu literature to open up its folds to embrace new realities of life, thus paving the way for a utilitarian view of literature. It is justifiably credited with for laying the founding stone for new movements in Urdu Literature like Romanticism, Progressive Movement, and Halqa Arbab-e-Zauq. This movement is so prolific and holistic in its nature that it lefts imprints on every field of Urdu Literature and even after the lapse of more than 150 years, it is still relevant while finding out historic and literary genesis of various trends in Urdu literature. Humanity Publications Assistant Director (Monitoring), Department Public Prosecution, Government of Punjab, Pakistan University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Institute of Languages and Linguistics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan 2022-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/aligarh-movement-the-torchbearer-of-modern-trends-in-urdu-literature https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-IV).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 4 Pakistan

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The Morphological Representation of /i:/ in Pashto Serat Shakir Ullah Rizwana Bibi Lexical Morphological Process Pashto Suffix Word Formation Pashto is widely spoken in different regions of Pakistan, Afghanistan, and other countries. Many researchers have studied the Pashto and revealed various interesting aspects of it. However, the purpose of the study is to investigate the use of the morpheme /i:/ as a suffix in Pashto grammar, particularly in nouns (masculine, feminine, singular and plural) and verb. For this purpose, the researchers adopted a qualitative approach and collected data from the native speakers of Pashto. The results of the study showed that the morpheme /i:/ is a very productive process in Pashto in the formation of noun and its plural, and past tense (verb). The results showed that /i:/ cause a morphological change in the root of masculine nouns (e.g., 'zalme' means 'young boy' and 'zalmi:' means 'young boys'), feminine nouns (e.g., 'wana' means 'tree' and 'wani:' means 'trees') and verbs in the past tense (e.g., 'kat̪ ali:’ means ‘saw’). The results revealed that this morpheme brings morphological change to the root of the nouns as well because it adds to the category of the noun ‘χa:n’ meaning ‘king/authoritative person’, and the category remains same (noun) ‘χa:ni:’ means 'wealthy/powerful' and the noun ‘É£ari:b’ means ‘poor’ into the noun ‘É£ari:bi:’ means ‘poverty’. Humanity Publications Department of English, University of Buner, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, University of Buner, KP, Pakistan. Department of English, University of Buner, KP, Pakistan. 2022-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/the-morphological-representation-of-i-in-pashto https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-IV).09 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 4 Pakistan

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"South Asian Woman's Identity: A Comprehensive Analysis of Zara Raheem's "The Marriage Clock" Rimsha Jabeen Harmain Rukh Syeda Kashf Zahra Naqvi Hybridity Transcultural Relationships Matchmaking Marriage Hybrid Identity Cultural Diversity Second-generation South Asian immigrants most often experience cultural hybridity where the task to balance between the home culture and the culture of the new world is gruesome for many. Understanding cultural hybridity signifies that transcultural relations are complex, processual and dynamic (Kraidy, 2002). This paper aims to find out the issues faced by South Asian women in embracing their home culture and its norms completely. It further notices how cultural diversity impacts a South Asian woman in shaping her identity and the perceptions of first generation immigrants with respect to the hybrid culture. The paper tends to observe how the traditional “matchmaking” process in association with marriage in South Asian culture works for a woman in the light of Zara Raheem’s “The Marriage Clock” (2019). A qualitative study is carried out for conducting the research where Bhabha’s “Theory of Hybridity & Third Space” (1995) is employed for interpreting the transcultural relationships present within the book. Humanity Publications Visiting Lecturer, Department of History, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Rawalpindi Women University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Mphil Scholar, Department of English, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/south-asian-womans-identity-a-comprehensive-analysis-of-zara-raheems-the-marriage-clock https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-IV).10 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Impact of Mind Maps on Student's Reading Comprehension at Secondary and Higher Secondary Levels in District Buner Shah Neela Shahabullah Aftab Hussain Mind Mapping Reading Comprehension ESL Learners This study aims to determine how mind-mapping strategies develop the reading comprehension of English language learners in grades ten and twelve. The study focuses on teaching English grammar and text, keeping in view their textbooks. The researcher has used a quasi-experimental design. The study sample comprised sixty students, thirty from the tenth and thirty from the twelfth grade. Thirty students were placed in the experimental group and thirty in the control group. The experimental group received the mind mapping treatment for one month, whereas the control group was given instructions via traditional methods. The researcher analyzed both qualitative and quantitative data from pre-and post-tests and an interview to test the impact of mind-mapping strategies on the participants' reading comprehension. The data were analyzed through a t-test. The statistical analysis showed a significant difference in the mean score of both groups and showed that mind-mapping strategies positively impact the students reading comprehension. Humanity Publications BS Graduate, Department of English, University of Buner, Buner, KP, Pakistan. Supervisor/Lecturer, Department of English, University of Buner, Buner, KP, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Department of English, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2022-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/impact-of-mind-maps-on-students-reading-comprehension-at-secondary-and-higher-secondary-levels-in-district-buner https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-IV).11 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Islam West Conflict in Post 9/11 Fiction: A Case Study of Falling Man by Don DeLillo Gulali Khan The Clash of Civilizations Western Imperialism Islamist Terrorism This study focuses on the clash between two civilizations, i.e., Islam and the West in works of fiction that were produced after the September 11 attacks and that deal with the attacks. The novel selected for this study is Falling Man (2007) by DonDeLillo. Through critical engagement by Samuel P.Huntington's "The Clash of Civilizations", this study tries to discover how the clash has been presented in the novel. The conflict portrayed in the novel has been analyzed qualitatively through Miles et al. 'Noting Patterns and Themes' and by using archival methods. Islamist terrorism, Religion Islam, Financial opportunities, and Western Imperialism are depicted as the bone of contention between the two civilizations. The writer tries to resist the notion that Western civilization is imperialistic and portrays Islam as a religion advocating terrorism. Humanity Publications Lecturer English, Quetta Institute of Medical Sciences, Quetta, Balochistan. 2022-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/islam-west-conflict-in-post-911-fiction-a-case-study-of-falling-man-by-don-delillo https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-IV).12 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Inter Semiotic Translation Analysis of South Korean Movie Tunnel Abdul Bari Khan Abeera Hassan Snober Zahra Inter Semiotics Translation Analysis South Korean Movie Tunnel Inter semiotic Translation is one of the most unexplored types of translation. It beholds the idea of translating verbal images into non-verbal ones. The author of this study has conducted this translation analysis and the main objective of this study is to see how, within the  medium of a film, linguistic and verbal elements are translated into the audio-visual imagery. The theoretical framework opted for this research belongs to the famous philosophical intellect of modern times. Jakobson’s (1959) theory of inter semiotic translations is considered as a model to analyse a particular movie. The data has been collected from the Korean movie Tunnel which was released in 2016. The movie is about the catastrophic incident of Tunnel collapsing. The methodology for this study is qualitative and within interpretive paradigm, the data of the film has been analyzed. The result of the study shows that the audio visual patterns of the movie stayed true to the linguistic aspect of the picture. There is no deviation between verbal and non-verbal elements and they seem to complement each other. Humanity Publications Faculty of language & Communication, Universiti Malaysia, Sarawak, Malaysia Department of English Language and Literature, Institute of Southern Punjab, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Department of English Language and Literature, Institute of Southern Punjab, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/inter-semiotic-translation-analysis-of-south-korean-movie-tunnel https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-IV).13 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 7, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Rebellion and Opportunism: Responses to Glocalization in Aslam's Maps for Lost Lovers Saira Zaheer Sana Zafar Ghulam Murtaza Glocalization Co-Existence Globalization Identity Diaspora Hybridity Pakistani Anglophone Fiction Glocalization has affected the lives of the Muslim diaspora population in North England.Diaspora communities struggle to live in a new lifestyle with a hybrid cultural and blended religious identity while coping with the problems of displacement as a result of the mixing and overlaying of eastern and western cultures caused by glocalization. Nadeen Aslam's Maps for Lost Lovers captures the sociological structure of the Diaspora and demonstrates how different ways of living inspire new forms of artistic expression. Roland Robertson popularised the idea of glocalization in social discourse.The thesis expressly addresses the problems of cultural displacement and generational gap among the characters of the novel as a result of their disparate responses to glocalization, leading to isolation one way or another. The gap between the first and the second generations of immigrants is brought about by the coexistence of values from both local and global cultures. While the second generationbecomes influenced by their local ideals, the first generation tries to fight against global conventions. Humanity Publications Teacher, Department of English, Government Girls Primary School, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Shiblee Group of Colleges, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Department of English, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/rebellion-and-opportunism-responses-to-glocalization-in-aslams-maps-for-lost-lovers- https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-I).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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The Dread and Media Craze of Postmodernism in Steel's Silent Night: A Cultural Study Critique Tariq Usman Waqar Ahmad Farooq Ahmad Postmodernism Dread Popular Culture Media Culture and Craze Freedom Fame Reality Circuitry Manipulation This study is about postmodern dread as present in Danielle Steel’s novel Silent Night (2019). This is the latest novel by Steel that has an emotional and gripping story that involves its reader from the first till the last word and the ray of light against all odds. Moreover, it is a story of resilience and family integration. The selected text Silent Night was interpreted with an insight taken from cultural studies. The theorist for this study is a famous Caribbean cultural theorist Stuart Hall. For this study Hall's ideas of popular culture and media, culture were taken for insight. These two ideas were simultaneously exploited for data interpretation. The primary text Silent Nights are fundamentally about the postmodern dread of technology along with the media craze and its use by the characters in the novel. He presents his model of encoding/decoding that deals with the reproduction of cultures by media. Hall’s framework in turn helps illuminate important characteristics of how journalism is ascribed meaning in a digital landscape. Humanity Publications University of Mianwali, Punjab, Pakistan. University of Haripur, Haripur, KP, Pakistan. University of Haripur, Haripur, KP, Pakistan. 2023-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/the-dread-and-media-craze-of-postmodernism-in-steels-silent-night-a-cultural-study-critique https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-I).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Ultimate Struggle for Liberation and Independence in the Patriarchal Norms and Values Presented in Henrik Ibsen's Selected Fiction Syeda Sughra Naqvi Nelofir Shaber Iqra khadam Feminism Marriage Divorce Liberation Liminal Space This research attempts to analyze Ibsen’s new women in the liminal space in his works A Doll’s House and Hedda Gabler. The present researcher studies the condition of women and their ultimate struggle for liberation and independence in patriarchal norms and values. The whole research sees the struggle of protagonists as Nora and Hedda by Henrik Ibsen. They become conscious of their rights and struggle to achieve meaningful life but at the same time, it becomes problematic. Both protagonists are trying to come out from the utter domination of their husband or patriarchal hegemony for establishing their own identity or autonomous self but they fall into the liminal space. While representing the new women like Nora and Hedda in A Doll’s house and Hedda Gabler, Ibsen put them in the space of liminality where women like Nora and Hedda neither discard the familial values nor are ready to succumb to oppressive patriarchal values in the late nineteenth century. They do not value the formality of both marriage and divorce. Humanity Publications PhD in Anglophone Languages, Literatures and Civilizations, La Rochelle University, France. Lecturer in English, Department of English, University of Okara, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer in English, Department of English, University of Okara, Punjab, Pakistan 2023-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/ultimate-struggle-for-liberation-and-independence-in-the-patriarchal-norms-and-values-presented-in-henrik-ibsens-selected-fiction https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-I).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Analyzing Metaphorical Extension and Connotational Associations in E. E. Cummings' "Humanity i love you" Azim Ullah Shaukat Khan Hayat Khan Mohammad Sohrab Khan Metaphorical Extensions Lexicological and Connotational Associations Interpretive and Evaluative Stylistics Emotional Intensity Humanitarian Traits This study critically analyses stylistic evaluation based on metaphorical extensions in E.E. Cummings’s poem “Humanity i love you”. It identifies lexicological and connotational associations by means of parallelism having pertinence to interpretive and evaluative stylistics. Analytically, the diction of the poem has associative meanings. The poem signifies verbal irony and emotional intensity for adherence and adoration to humanity that is the verge of extinction. The poet sarcastically applied stylistic facets for signification of structural repetition and indication of his determination towards preservation of humanitarian traits in society. Content analysis has been applied to explore to comprehend the basic themes of the poem. The analysis unfolds the manifestation of stylistics features that assist to understand the basic themes of the poem by referring to metaphorical juxtaposing thoughts in aesthetics in “Humanity i hate you”. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. English Language Instructor, English Language Center, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia. English Language Instructor, English Language Center, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia. 2023-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/analyzing-metaphorical-extension-and-connotational-associations-in-e-e-cummings-humanity-i-love-you https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-I).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Mental Conflict and Character Construction in "Egosentris" by Syahid Muhammad Samina Yasmin Sarfraz Shahbaz Khalid Tribal Belt Afghanistan 19th Century Central Asia British Russia This research examines how hate speech affects individuals and constructs the character of all ages. To explain the negative consequences that internet connections today have on people's mental health, this literature study makes an effort to analyse the psychological standpoint from which Syahid Muhammad's character Fatih is written in the novel Egosentris. This study employed literary psychology and Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory to analyse character development and inner struggle based on Nurgiyantoro's character theory (2007). Literature often references psychoanalytic theory's id, ego, and superego. The analysis included separating, categorising, interpreting, inferring, and verifying for accuracy. According to the study, Fatih is an empathetic, honest, self-aware, and critical character in Egosentris. Although it was found that Fatih's personalityoccasionally exhibited negative traits including stubbornness, spite, and a bad temper. The internal conflict that Fatih was going through is described in this article as involving his anger, fear, dread, remorse, pressure, and resentment. He has become more tolerant and gregarious as a result of his encounters with this kind of mental suffering. The study's conclusions, which are based on a psychological assessment of Fatih's personality, are intended to decrease the frequency of damaging speech and raise awareness of the need of paying attention to people's mental health. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, University of Education Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan Mphil Scholar, Department of English, Riphah International University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan Lecturer, Department of English, Riphah International University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/mental-conflict-and-character-construction-in-egosentris-by-syahid-muhammad https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-I).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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"Precarious Report of Sub-continent Partition" under A Critical Look on Sidhwa's Selected Writings Fatima Azhar Khalid Mehmood Ahmad Jonathan Caleb Imdad Partition Border Boundaries Nation Nationalism Self vs Other This study briefly describes the moral and immoral effects of National Boundaries which have been suffered by a nation. In different perspectives idea of partition and its political background has been discussed by sub continents writers. The present study has been done under the selected writing of sidhwa Ice Candy Man, The Crow Eaters and An American Brat. This research dissertation highlights that how boundaries unite and isolate people, it has an important role in our lives. It draws a special attention and detailed information with reference to the particular texts that how they put an impact on an individual and on a community. This research highlights that how forcefully people have been separated because of the migration, they have faced the physical and psychological disturbance. Although the border line has been created between both the nations, but the idea of independence has promoted the multicultural society which later becomes a progressive approach. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Lahore School of Accountancy & Finance, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan Lecturer, University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/precarious-report-of-subcontinent-partition-under-a-critical-look-on-sidhwas-selected-writings https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-I).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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The Poetics of Borders and Identity: Representation of Culture and Transcultural in The Shadow Lines Rana Abdul Munim Khan Mazhar Hayat Borders; transculturalism; Amitave Ghosh; the Shadow Lines The formation of an individual's identity is marked by a singular integration of borders and cultures. The phenomenon of transculturalism has contributed to an increase in the breadth of debate over the nature of the connection between the two. This analysis aims to analyze the novel The Shadow Lines by Amitave Ghosh from the viewpoints of boundaries, transculturalism, and the building of identities. It will be claimed that boundaries in this context imply both possibilities and restrictions, a point that is fully reflected upon in the contrasting viewpoints of nationalism and transculturalism. Epstein’s transcultural vision of "crossroads of civilizations," will provide the framework to debate interlinks of border and possibilities of being transcultural in a rigidly nationalist context. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of English, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab Pakistan. Chairperson, Department of English, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan 2023-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/the-poetics-of-borders-and-identity-representation-of-culture-and-transcultural-in-the-shadow-lines https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-I).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Posthumanism, Singularity and Transcendence: A Study of Kurzweilian Futurism in The Mothercode Aysha Fatima Ghulam Murtaza Transhumanism Posthumanism Technological Singularity Genetic Engineering Artificial Intelligence Transhumanism and posthumanism aspire to turn people into living machines. Transhumanism is a changed version of human with enhanced capacities to eradicate diseases and stop death; posthumanism is a highly transformed, enhanced, and amalgamated form of being. It focuses on moving beyond Transhumanism to create artificial humans whose biology is outmoded.This paper examines the scientific and technical advances needed to create a posthuman and examines posthuman influences and the technological vision in Stivers’ The Mother Code. It explores what it means to be human in the posthuman period, in which artificial human form has emerged. As such, this study analyses the potential alterations in characters' actions, minds, and bodies after metamorphosis. Humanity Publications M.Phil English Literature, Department of English, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil English Literature, Department of English, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Professor, Department of English, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/posthumanism-singularity-and-transcendence-a-study-of-kurzweilian-futurism-in-the-mothercode https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-I).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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The Placement of Adjectives in Pashto with Regard to their Change in Meaning Sair Khan Shakir Ullah Nasir Muhammad Pashto Adjectives Placement of Adjectives Meaning of Pashto Adjectives This paper examines Pashto adjectives to delineate their placement and order with respect to their morphological change and modification of meaning. The aim of this paper is to address the occurrence of Pashto adjectives at the initial, middle, and final positions at the sentence level. Furthermore, the main focus in these occurrences is to find the prenominal initial, prenominal middle, postnominal middle, and final positions of Pashto adjectives at the sentence level. For doing this, the researchers collected data from native speakers and focused on adjectives and their use in sentences. They also read different written materials and found adjectives at various positions. The finding of the study showed that three adjective orders are correct and normal in Pashto, including prenominal initial, prenominal middle, and postnominal medial adjective orders. The results also showed that the postnominal position of an adjective is rarely found in spoken, but not in written at the final position of a sentence. In addition to it, the postnominal adjective of Pashto brings emphasis to the sentence, causes incorrect syntactic order, and also affects the meaning of the sentence. Humanity Publications BS Graduate, Department of English, University of Buner, Buner, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, University of Buner, Buner, KP, Pakistan. BS Graduate, Department of English, University of Buner, Buner, KP, Pakistan. 2023-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/the-placement-of-adjectives-in-pashto-with-regard-to-their-change-in-meaning https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-I).09 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Evaluating English Language Learning Challenges among Graduating Nursing Students: A Comprehensive Analysis Narjis Unar Shahnawaz Tunio Fozia Gul Unar Nursing; ESL; ICT; Teaching English; Pakistan. This study aims to evaluate the learning complications encountered by nursing students in the English language at the undergraduate level. The study's sample comprised eight principals, eight English lecturers, and 200 students randomly selected from various nursing schools in Karachi. A descriptive and survey approach is adopted, which was subsequently analyzed using SPSS v-20. The findings revealed that 68% of the participants acknowledged that nursing students faced learning difficulties in the English language, while 32% of the participants expressed otherwise. Moreover, 66% of the participants confirmed that English teachers know to provide English language content, while 26% of the participants expressed scepticism, 47% of the participants using ICT-based teaching, and 35% of the participants held contrasting views. The study also revealed that most nursing teachers encountered challenges teaching the English language. The study recommends appointing competent and trained teachers for effective ICT-based teaching. Humanity Publications Institute of Business Management Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. College of Education, Zhengzhou University/Henan - China Shah Abdul Latif University Khairpur, Sindh, Pakistan. 2023-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/evaluating-english-language-learning-challenges-among-graduating-nursing-students-a-comprehensive-analysis https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-I).10 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Factors Causing ESL Students' Demotivation to Learn English Waqasia Naeem Zahra Ashraf Zeeshan Ali Afsar ESL Learners; Demotivation Factors; Qualitative Study; Course Content; Teachers' Attitudes; the Medium of Instruction Despite the importance of English language proficiency in Pakistan, many learners struggle to develop a positive attitude towards English language learning. Thereby, this qualitative research study aims to analyze the factors causing ESL (English as a Second Language) college students' demotivation to learn English. The researcher conducted semi-structured interviews with sixteen students from different colleges in Karachi. The study found that difficult course content, non- interactive teaching styles, using English as the medium of instruction, and teachers' attitudes were the major sources of demotivation among the participants. This study emphasizes the importance of motivation in English language learning among ESL students. These findings have implications for ESL teachers in designing effective interactive language instructions that can help students improve their motivation to learn English. Humanity Publications Associate Professor, School of English, Minhaj University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil, Department of Applied Linguistics, Lahore Leads University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Humanities, COMSATS University, Abbottabad Campus, KP, Pakistan. 2023-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/factors-causing-esl-students-demotivation-to-learn-english https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-I).11 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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A Postcolonial Reading of Novuya Tshuma's House of Stone Muhammad Hassan Shaikh Ajab Ali Lashari Shah Muhammad Farooq Rashdi Colonial Discourse Postcolonialism Othering Hyberdity Cultural Hegemony The current paper attempts to investigate postcolonial concepts in Zimbabwean writer, Novuya Tshuma’s debut novel, House of Stone (2018). The present study is built on the theoretical framework of Homi K. Bhabha who, in his, collected writings titled The Location of Culture (1994) mentioned key elements of postcolonial criticism like an identity crisis, othering, mimicry and hybridity. The textual analysis method has been applied to analyse the relevant text objectively. Findings suggest that the above postcolonial concepts like an identity crisis, othering/otherness, mimicry and hybridity are vividly available and have been objectively analyzed. Moreover, the novelist uses an ample amount of figure of speech (simile, metaphor, personification and oxymoron) to carry forward the story in a literary manner. In addition to the above aspects, the concept of feminism is found in an African setting, the character of Thandi promotes feminism through her words and action. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Institute of English Language & Literature, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur, Sindh, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Education, Sindh Madressatul Islam University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur, Sindh, Pakistan. 2023-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-postcolonial-reading-of-novuya-tshumas-house-of-stone https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-I).12 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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A Comparative Study of Ahmad Ali's Twilight in Delhi and Edgar Morgan Forster’s A Passage to India: A Feminist Perspective Sardar Ali Asad Ali Khan Exploitation Comparative Patriarchy Objectification The study was designed to do a comparative study of Ahmad Ali's novel Twilight in Delhi and E.M. Forster’s A Passage to India. The study is a comparative textual analysis in the light of Feminism. The focus was on finding similarities and differences between Ali and Forster. In both novels, women's exploitation is the main issue. Women are shown as voiceless and inhuman creatures.They are used as an object having no feeling or emotion. They are presented as the tool of sex for the men of society. They are portrayed as having no role in the social and political affairs of the family.The investigation has shown that both Ali and Forster have presented women as inferior to men but Ali is harsher as compared to Forster. Ali pictured only Muslim women while Forster portrayed Muslims, Hindus as well as British women. Which was the main focus of the study. The Comparative Feminist analysis was taken to give a new dimension to the study and carried out women's issues in society. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, University of Buner, Buner, KP, Pakistan. Graduate, Department of English, University of Buner, Buner, KP, Pakistan. 2023-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-comparative-study-of-ahmad-alis-twilight-in-delhi-and-edgar-morgan-forsters-a-passage-to-india-a-feminist-perspective https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-I).13 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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An Exploration of Code-switching and Borrowing in Pakistani YouTube Vlogs Maimoona Maliha Khan Tehreem Fatima Arshad Ali khan Code-switching Borrowing Pakistan YouTube Vlogs Digital Content Language Pakistan YouTube is an increasingly popular platform for sharing creative digital content. Vlogs, in particular, are becoming more and more commonplace as Pakistani creators share their stories with the world. Along with these stories come unique practices of code-switching and borrowing between various languages such as English, Urdu, Punjabi, and other scripts. This article explores how code-switching and borrowing in Pakistan YouTube vlogs convey speakers' identities, employ humour, and add emphasis while impacting the audience's perceptions. By analyzing the reasons behind why speakers code-switch and borrow, the impact of code-switching and borrowing on the audience, and how it reflects broader patterns this paper aims to provide insights into how code- switching and borrowing can influence the way we experience digital media. With the rise of digital media nowadays, YouTube has quickly become a popular platform for vloggers to express themselves. Humanity Publications MPhil Student, Department of Linguistics and Communication, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil Student, Department of Linguistics and Communication, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of Linguistics and Communication, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/an-exploration-of-codeswitching-and-borrowing-in-pakistani-youtube-vlogs https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-I).14 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Historical Negationism and Epistemological Misrepresentation of Jinnah and Muslims in the Film Viceroy's House Muhammad Ibrahim Khokhar Malik Mohammad Iqbal Mushtaque Ahmed Solangi Viceroy's House Partition Pakistan Jinnah and Cinema Viceroy’s House” by Gurinder Chadha is a 106 minutes long film released in English and Hindi in 2017. The film is about the last days of the British Raj and the subsequent partition of India in 1947. The film is based on the books "Freedom at Midnight (1975") and "The Shadow of the Great Game:The Untold Story of Partition (2005"). The film documents the period of the last Viceroy of India Lord Mountbatten who was missioned to handover freedom to India but unfortunately ended in the partition of India in his course of responsibilities. The current study discusses the misrepresentation of Jinnah the founder of Pakistan portrayed as an ambitious politician who wanted the division of India in line with imperial designs. This historical negationism and epistemological misrepresentation is in line with Corrigan's (2015) discussion about ideology in films where he discusses how films dominate and sometimes distort ways of seeing the world. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Institute of English Language and Literature, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur, Sindh, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, National University of Modern Languages NUML, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. 2023-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/historical-negationism-and-epistemological-misrepresentation-of-jinnah-and-muslims-in-the-film-viceroys-house https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-I).15 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Attitude to English Learning: A Study of Peer Group Influences during the COVID-19 Pandemic Muhammad Qasim Ali Rashid Minas Wattoo Fakhar ul Zaman Attitude English Learning Peer Group The aim of this study was to explore the students' attitudes toward learning English as a second language in Pakistan at the secondary school level during the COVID-19 pandemic. A quantitative research design was adopted for research and a descriptive research method was used for the research study because the descriptive research method was used to explain the attribute and characteristics of the population. Pakistan was considered as the population for the whole research but due to the COVID-19 pandemic it was not possible to select the whole population the study concluded that educational institutions have adequate knowledge of the pandemic threat and the situation of unexpected illness transmission. Friends enjoy English learning; friends believe that learning English is not essential; friends believe that English is difficult; friends think that studying English helps them progress in other areas of study, and friends motivate each other to improve their English during COVID-19. The study recommends that if students had the technology, they would not panic. Thus, technology may be used in general classes also. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Institute of Southern Punjab, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. Visiting Lecturer, Department of Education, University of Narowal, Narowal, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/attitude-to-english-learning-a-study-of-peer-group-influences-during-the-covid19-pandemic https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-I).16 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Gender and Cyber Communication: A Systematic Literature Review of Challenges Faced by Women in Pakistan Sibtain Bin Aslam Moazzam Ali Malik Muhammad Arif Khan Gender-harassment Cyberspace Cyber-criminals Cyber-threats Cyber- harassment Cyber communication and gender issues have been subjects of sociolinguistic discussions among researchers in recent years. Online gender harassment has become a common phenomenon in the internet era. This harassment is aggravated when sufferers face more persecution due to delay, denial, and in some cases, unavailability of justice from the country's criminal justice system. Though third-world countries have categorized laws dealing with cyber-harassment to deal with cyber- criminals, the same system paves the way for secondary persecution. Past studies show that law enforcement agencies trivializing problems further victimizes the victim. This study is an endeavour to answer the following questions. What kind of cyber threats do Pakistani women face? Why has a country's judicial system failed to control cyber-harassment cases? What steps are required to deal with cyber-harassment? For this purpose, the data is collected from ten online journals and blogs. The study reveals that gender discrepancies, cybercrimes, and increasing reports of violent misogyny on the internet highlight the weakness of the country's security mechanism requires instant measures to be taken by the government by making strict cyber laws and a quick cyber force. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of English, University of Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant professor, Department of English, University of Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English Language and Literature, Institute of Linguistics and Humanities, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan. 2023-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/gender-and-cyber-communication-a-systematic-literature-review-of-challenges-faced-by-women-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-I).17 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Effect of English Language Learning Anxiety on Learner's Interactive Language Activities at Matriculation in Punjab Fouzia Azhar Muhammad Amir Hashmi Shabana Zafer Psycholinguistic Language Anxiety Foreign / Second Language The psycholinguistic aspect of English Lexicon schooling as a foreign language plays a crucial character in the enlightenment of learners. Present-day research is focused to get an answer about the agitation and anxiousness level of English language learning in Matriculation students, both in public schools and private schools in Lahore, Punjab. To carry out this study, using FLCAS as a research instrument, data was collected from 800 participants, an equal number of learners from government and private institutions, as well as an equal number of female and male students. Data analysis was done by SPSS, it was found that learners experience moderate level to high levels of language anxiety in classroom situations. However, T-tests were adapted to figure out the difference in anxiety levels between government school and private school students. Similarly, a T-test was adapted to figure out the difference in anxiety levels among female and male learners. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, Superior University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Institute of Education & Research Punjab University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Senior Lecturer, University of Management & Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/effect-of-english-language-learning-anxiety-on-learners-interactive-language-activities-at-matriculation-in-punjab https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-I).18 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Critical Discourse Analysis of ESL Teachers' Oral Feedback Practices Huda Hameed Qureshi Sobia Mohani Khalil Zaib un Nisa Critical Discourse Analysis Verbal Feedback ESL Learners Interactive Feedback Corrective Feedback This study conducts a critical discourse analysis of verbal feedback patterns used by teachers in English as a Second Language (ESL) classrooms. The research focuses on four types of feedback: explicit corrective feedback, implicit corrective feedback, clarification-based feedback, and interactive feedback. The study finds that explicit corrective feedback, where teachers directly point out errors, is critical for students who may struggle with error recognition. Implicit corrective feedback and clarification-based feedback, on the other hand, guide students towards self-correction, fostering learner autonomy and deepening their understanding of English language rules and conventions. Lastly, interactive feedback, which promotes a dialogue between the teacher and the student about the student's performance, encourages active participation and self-reflection in students. These different feedback patterns, when employed judiciously and in balance, can greatly enhance language proficiency, confidence, and self-directed learning in ESL students. The study underscores the importance of effective verbal feedback strategies in shaping language learning experiences and outcomes in ESL classrooms. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, English, Government Graduate College, Baghdad Road, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil. (English Linguistics), Department of English Linguistics, Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Visiting Lecturer, Department of English, Government College University Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/critical-discourse-analysis-of-esl-teachers-oral-feedback-practices https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-I).19 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Exploring Identity and Belonging in the Context of Partition of 1947: A Social Identity Theory Analysis of 'Train to Pakistan' by Khushwant Singh Bushra Saeed Shahzeb Shafi Muhammad Hamzah Masood Identity Belonging Social Identity Theory Partition of India Categorization Social Comparison Identification Khushwant Singh Train to Pakistan This study explores the theme of identity and belonging in Khushwant Singh’s novel, ‘Train to Pakistan’, by investigating how the characters develop their sense of identity and belonging within the socio-political context of the Partition of India in 1947. The study employs a qualitative research methodology, analyzing the novel through close reading and thematic analysis. The study applies the Social Identity Theory to examine the novel’s categorization, social comparison, and identification processes. The research reveals that religious, cultural, and national affiliations significantly influence the characters’ identities and sense of belonging. It highlights the complexities of identity construction during conflict and demonstrates that characters’ identities are subject to external categorizations. However, the study also observes the characters’ agency in negotiating their identities and challenging societal expectations. The study explores identity dynamics, emphasizing the importance of social and contextual factors in shaping individual and collective identities, particularly within historical and cultural narratives. Humanity Publications M.Phil Scholar, Department of English Literature, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil. Scholar, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Linguistics and Communications, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/exploring-identity-and-belonging-in-the-context-of-partition-of-1947-a-social-identity-theory-analysis-of-train-to-pakistan-by-khushwant-singh https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-I).20 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Comparative Analysis of ESL Learning in Public and Private Sectors at Primary Level in District Khairpur Sonal Khan Maitlo Akbar Tumrani Perveen Akhter Farhat ESL Learning Primary Level Education Public Sector Schools Private Sector Schools Comparative Study The present study comparatively analysis of ESL learning in public and private sectors at the primary level in district Khairpur. The researcher used both qualitative and quantitative methods for data collection. This study was conducted in the district of Khairpur Sindh and the population of the study was educated persons from different areas of district Khairpur. The researchers face to face met 180 educated persons and asked the questions which they have included in the printed questionnaire. The data was gathered and analyzed by using mathematical analysis and presented in the tables. The findings of the study revealed that private-sector primary schools’ performance is better than public-sector primary schools’ performance regarding ESL learning. The findings also disclosed that the English language as a medium of instruction in private schools enhances ESL learning. While the public sector schools are not using English as a medium of instruction so far behind private sector schools. Humanity Publications M. Phil. English (Linguistics), Lahore Leads University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan PhD in Development Studies, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Lahore Leads University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/comparative-analysis-of-esl-learning-in-public-and-private-sectors-at-primary-level-in-district-khairpur https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-I).21 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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A Comparative Study of EFL Learners' Preferred Learning Styles for the English Language at the Secondary Level Sadia Waris Shahzad Ahmad Munwar Bagum Learning Styles Urdu EFL Learners English Learning The study examined secondary Urdu EFL students' favourite learning styles. This study compares public and private Urdu EFL learners' preferred English learning approaches. Descriptive quantitative research was used. All Pakpattan District public and private secondary school students were studied. The study used a learning styles questionnaire. EFL research employed a questionnaire, which was reliable. The study sample took the questionnaire. The most common statistical methods—mean score and standard deviation—were employed to assess the data. According to the survey, private secondary school students believe they can recall everything they hear. The study found that public and private school children learn languages similarly. Both prefer auditory and visual learning over tactile. Private secondary school kids learn English via lecturing and remember through listening. The study suggests that teachers recognize students' English learning styles and teach them accordingly. Humanity Publications M. Phil. Scholar, Department of Education, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Department of Education, The University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Institute of Southern Punjab, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-comparative-study-of-efl-learners-preferred-learning-styles-for-the-english-language-at-the-secondary-level https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-I).22 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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ESL Writing Anxiety and its Effects on Writing Performance of College Students in an Academically Disadvantaged Context of Pakistan: A Case Study Abdul Wahid Niaz Hussain Soomro Zahid Hussain Pathan ESL Writing Anxiety Cognitive Anxiety Somatic Anxiety Avoidance behaviour Writing Performance This study investigated the levels of ESL writing anxiety and its effects on the writing performance of 161 (85 male and 76 female) college students of Balochistan with a non-probability sampling. For data collection, the Second Language Writing Anxiety Inventory (SLWAI) of Cheng (2004) was used in addition to an essay writing task completed by the participants. The SLWAI results indicated that overall ESLWA was significantly high (M= 2.99, SD = .67). Somatic anxiety (SA) was the most prevailing one (M=3.39, SD = .90). The second most significant type was cognitive anxiety (CA) (M=3.11, SD = .82), whereas, the avoidance behaviour (AB) was the third in level (M= 2.45, SD =.87). The statistical analysis of writing tasks revealed an adverse association between the WA and WPof the college students of Balochistan. Humanity Publications M.Phil. Scholar, Department of English Literature Associate Professor, Department of English, Government College University Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Linguistics & Philology, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. 2023-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/esl-writing-anxiety-and-its-effects-on-writing-performance-of-college-students-in-an-academically-disadvantaged-context-of-pakistan-a-case-study https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-I).23 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Power And Identity In Taylor Swift's Song, 'Look What You Made Me Do': A Deconstructive Analysis Rida Khurshid Aisha Farid Deconstructive analysis Power dynamics Pop music Unstable identity Intertextuality Logocentrism. In this paper, we analyze Taylor Swift's song 'look what you made me do' using Derrida's deconstructive approach to identify hidden meanings and assumptions and explore the role of language in shaping them. We examine the lyrics to detect specificities that reveal tensions or contradictions within the text, using language and symbolism to deconstruct societal power dynamics and hierarchies. The lyrics suggest that the speaker is a victim forced to take certain actions, and the video features multiple versions of Taylor Swift, implying that her identity is fluid and constantly evolving. By employing deconstructive techniques such as repetition and intertextuality, Swift creates a sense of instability and ambiguity that encourages listeners to question their assumptions and think critically about how power operates in our society. This complex and multilayered song challenges traditional understandings of power, agency, and identity. Humanity Publications MS Scholar, Department of English, Govt College Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant professor, Department of English, Govt College Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/power-and-identity-in-taylor-swifts-song-look-what-you-made-me-do-a-deconstructive-analysis https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-I).24 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Examining the Dynamic Interplay between Humanity and Machines in Kazuo Ishiguro's Klara and the Sun Ansah Yameen Shahbaz Khalid Dynamic Interplay Humanity and Machines Posthumanism Transhumanism This research explores the dynamic interplay between human beings and machines. It highlights that in the near future machines will be able to control the world. He presents the dynamic interplay between man and machines through the lens of posthumanism. This research enriches the apprehension of the future belief that machines will dominate the whole world through automated instruction. This research analyzes Klara and the Sun in light of Nick Bostrom's viewpoints on posthumanism and transhumanism and Raymond Kurzweil's supportive arguments on future predictions that form the theoretical framework of this study. This research raises the most occurring question in the minds of human beings about the result of the dynamic interplay between humanity and machines. It is crucial to pay attention towards transhumanism instantly not only because of its current and ongoing rise from every aspect of life but also due to its prominent developments that are focused on transhumanism. Humanity Publications MPhil English Literature, Department of English Language and Literature, Riphah International University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English Language and Literature, Riphah International University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/examining-the-dynamic-interplay-between-humanity-and-machines-in-kazuo-ishiguros-klara-and-the-sun https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-I).25 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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English Major Students' Text Messaging Practices in Discourse Production: Language Proficiency Progression vs. Regression Abeera Sahi Zainab Nasir Muhammad Sabboor Hussain English Major Students Language Evolution Language Proficiency New Linguistic Forms SMS (Short for Short Message Service) Text Messaging This research investigates the impact of text messaging on language proficiency among English major students, particularly in discourse production. It aims to identify factors contributing to language progression or regression in students using text messaging for communication. Objectives include examining the relationship between text messaging frequency and language errors and investigating the effect of text messaging on language development. Adopting an epistemological approach, the study utilizes qualitative data analysis. Limitations involve a small sample size of fifteen English major students and one group chat. Findings reveal that text messages often mimic spoken language, facilitating friendly connections. The language used is understandable and suitable for communication purposes. Text messaging introduces abbreviations, acronyms, and new lexical forms, shaping contemporary communication practices. While some research participants argue that text messaging may hinder language proficiency, others see it as language creativity and adaptation. The influence of text messaging on language evolution remains an ongoing process that needs further research. Humanity Publications Undergraduate Scholar (BS – English), Department of English, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. Undergraduate Scholar (BS – English), Department of English, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. Professor, Department of English, University of Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/english-major-students-text-messaging-practices-in-discourse-production-language-proficiency-progression-vs-regression https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-I).26 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Impact of Using Non-Verbal Communication on Students' Learning at Secondary Level in Fazaia Schools System Muhammad Hamad Zaman Syed Azaz Ali Shah Naseeruddin Verbal Expressions Non-Verbal Communication English language learning Pedagogical Process Various researchers and educationists are of the view that effective use of teachers' non-verbal expressions has a positive effect on students' learning. The objectives of the study were to find out teachers' and students' perceptions towards the use of non-verbal expressions for effective English language learning and how helpful it is in making this process more productive. In order to achieve the desired objectives, a descriptive research method was chosen where data was collected through quantitative and qualitative methods. Moreover, data was analyzed through statistical and thematic analysis. Quantitative data was collected through questionnaires whereas qualitative data through classroom observations which were analyzed through SPSS and thematic analysis respectively. The analysis leads to the findings that both students and teachers have a positive perception and it is helpful for making the pedagogical process more productive. Both were of the opinion that efficient use of non-verbal communication leads to effective English language learning. Humanity Publications M.Phil. Scholar, Department of English, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor of English, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, KP, Pakistan M.Phil. English, Qurtaba University, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. 2023-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/impact-of-using-nonverbal-communication-on-students-learning-at-secondary-level-in-fazaia-schools-system- https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-I).27 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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English Speaking Problems Faced by ESL Students of Intermediate Level in District Chitral Shahid Wali Khan Iqra Aziz Sadia Amin Speaking Skill Speaking Proficiency Speaking Accuracy. Speaking Fluency College Level ESL Students. The present research study is an effort to explore the English-speaking problems faced by ESL students of intermediate level in district Chitral. The research is oriented on both quantitative and qualitative paradigms. The population of the study was five colleges of district Chitral and fifty ESL students were selected as research participants. Data was composed by using an online questionnaire. The questionnaire was sent to the participants via Email and WhatsApp. The collected data was analyzed in numerical form and presented in tables and graphs. The main finding of the research is that there is a lack of proper environment inside the ESL classrooms for speaking English and also a lack of basic facilities like English language laboratories and there is no separate programs inside the educational institutions for the development of language skill. Most of the English teachersteach English subjects in their native language. Some recommendations are also given by the researchers. Humanity Publications M.Phil. English (Linguistics), Lahore Leads University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Visiting Lecturer, Department of English, University of the Punjab, Jhelum Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil. English (Linguistics), Lahore Leads University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/english-speaking-problems-faced-by-esl-students-of-intermediate-level-in-district-chitral https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-I).28 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Impact of Metacognitive Strategies on Creative Writing of ESL Students at College Level in District Lahore Imama Sabir Rao Salma Jeevan Azhar Ahmad Creative Writing Critical Thinking Metacognitive Strategies ESL Students College Level The main focus of the present research study was to find the impact of metacognitive strategies on the creative writing of ESL Students at the college level in district Lahore. Metacognitive strategies teach creative writing, develop confidence and enhance the critical thinking of ESL students.By using quasi-experimental research design the researchers observed the effects of metacognitive strategies on creative writing. Sixty ESL students from a private college were selected as the research sample these participants were divided equally into two groups. The control group was taught by means of the traditional method while the experimental group was taught by using metacognitive strategies. The pre and post-test questionnaire was used as a research instrument for data collection. The collected data was analyzed through SPSS and an independent t-test was employed to analyze the results of pre and post-test. The results showed that metacognitive strategies are more effective than the traditional method because it has a positive impact on ESL students' creative writing. Humanity Publications M.Phil. English Linguistics, Lahore Leads University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil. English Linguistics, Lahore Leads University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil. English Linguistics, Lahore Leads University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/impact-of-metacognitive-strategies-on-creative-writing-of-esl-students-at-college-level-in-district-lahore https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-I).29 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Aamer Hussein's The Cloud Messenger: A Migratory Bird's Co-Existence in a Multicultural World Amara Javed Ghulam Murtaza Multiculturalism Contact Zone Ethnocriticism Autoethnography Pakistani Literature in English This article explores the transcultural contact zone in Aamer Hussein’s fiction through Pratt's concept of autoethnography in the cultural contact zone. Hussein presents residents of a multicultural world, coexisting with people of diverse nationalities and cultural backgrounds. The social positioning of his characters as a minority cultural group has been theorized through Kymlika’s description of social classes. Hussein portrays the identity issues of his characters in the multicultural, cosmopolitan world. His characters develop connections with their current habitus and their previous home to discover ways to translate their cultural identity to their mainstream society. Cultural traits, modes of life, and the nature of cross-cultural relationships of the characters have been explored through common grounds proposed by Pratt and Krupat in their theories of ethnography and ethnocentricism respectively. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of English, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan Professor, Department of English, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/aamer-husseins-the-cloud-messenger-a-migratory-birds-coexistence-in-a-multicultural-world https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-I).30 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Post-Colonial Impact on Language and Identity; A Pragmatics Analysis of Muniza Alvi's Selected Poems Hasan Ayaz Muhammad Zain Ul Hassan Imperial Centre Identity Pragmatics Presents Unknown Girl The subcontinent has been one of the well-known colonies of the vast British Empire. The colonial rule of the Britishers has put some everlasting impacts on every sphere of life in the subcontinent. Because of the dominance and superior nature of the British people they always have influenced other nations, especially African states and subcontinent: which ultimately has impacts on their social life, literature, identity, culture, and language. This sort of influence of the imperial centre on the peripheries has then reflected in the writing and literature they produced. So here the focus lies especially on Pakistani writing and the role of language and identity reflected in Muniza Alvi’s selected poems. The researchers explore the ways which reflect the conflicted identity of the speaker along with pragmatic analysis. For this purpose, the researchers have selected two poems “The unknown girl’’ and ‘’Presents from my aunts in Pakistan”. The study is qualitative descriptive in nature which opens up the research questions in a coherent manner. Humanity Publications M.Phil. in English Literature and Linguistics, Department of English, Air University, Islamabad, Pakistan M.Phil. in English Literature and Linguistics, Department of English, Air University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2023-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/postcolonial-impact-on-language-and-identity-a-pragmatics-analysis-of-muniza-alvis-selected-poems https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-I).31 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Exploring Identity Fragmentation, Victimization and Othering in HM Naqvi's Home Boy Muhammad Iqbal Ahsan Abdul Rashid Identity Fragmentation Victimization Migrant Identity Othering The catastrophic incident of 9/11 split the world into two halves, Muslims and non- Muslims. The Muslim identity came under the clouds of suspicion and caught global attention. Soon after 9/11, the Western self-concocted narrative portrays Muslims as terrorists, barbaric and uncivilized. However, Naqvi's novel deconstructs this stereotypical narrative. Home Boy is a counter-narrative against the horrendous narrative of Muslim victimization, fragmentation and Othering. Indubitably, this dominant stance influenced world literature and legitimized the war on terror which sabotaged Muslim identity worldwide. But the narrative of Pakistani writers in the form of 'Home Boy', 'The Reluctant Fundamentalist' etc. exposed Western so-called dominancy explicitly. The present study analyzes that Chuck the protagonist of 'Home Boy' was civilized and progressive before the fall of the Twin Towers but after 9/11 he was labelled negatively though he was not involved directly or indirectly in any terrorist activity. The current paper undertakes textual analysis as the main research method under the conceptual framework of Homi. K. Bhabha and Edward Said’s concepts for the analysis of the primary text. Humanity Publications M.Phil. Scholar, Department of English, Northern University, Nowshera, KP, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Department of Modern Languages and Literature (LILEC), University of Bologna, Italy. Lecturer, Department of English, University of Layyah, Layyah, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/exploring-identity-fragmentation-victimization-and-othering-in-hm-naqvis-home-boy https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-I).32 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Blurred Boundaries between Reality and Magic in Gaiman's The Ocean at the End of the Lane Razia Khalid Magical Realism Hyper-reality British Fiction This study explores the intricate interplay between reality and magical elements in Neil Gaiman’s novel The Ocean at the End of the Lane. Drawing upon Jean Baudrillard's theoretical framework, this study investigates how Gaiman challenges the traditional notion of reality through  the use of magical realism. Baudrillard claims that the postmodern individual lives in “the desert of the real” where there is no absolute reality anymore as the endless proliferation of simulacra marks  the end of reality and truth, leading to the emergence of hyperreality and marked by extraordinarilyvivid traumatic memories. By delving into the blurred boundaries between reality and magical realism, this research sheds light on the transformative and subversive potential of literature in transcending traditional realities. Non-recognition boundaries between reality and hyperreality create a world of blurred reality in the novel. This study explores the hyperreality and magical realism in Ocean at the  End of the Lane by British author Neil  Gaiman. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Government Municipal Graduate College, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/blurred-boundaries-between-reality-and-magic-in-gaimans-the-ocean-at-the-end-of-the-lane https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-I).33 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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An Extensive Examination of Canvas Learning Management System (LMS) Integration within EnglishWorks! Assessing Efficacy in English Language Enhancement Sabahat Parveen Anam Ikhtiar Asif Iqbal English Works! Learning Management System (LMS) Canvas Online learning Pedagogical dynamics A Learning Management System (LMS) widely employed to facilitate classroom activities is Canvas. To ensure a conducive environment for online teaching and learning, proficient administration of an LMS is indispensable. The primary focus of this inquiry is to explore the current utilization of Canvas in enhancing English teaching and learning methodologies. Notably, the investigation places heightened importance on EnglishWorks! students' perspectives regarding instructors' utilization of the Canvas platform. Employing a qualitative approach, this study drew insights from EnglishWorks! classroom observations, documentation, and a survey. The analysis's outcomes illuminate how Canvas, equipped with modules for resource sharing, discussion boards, assignment submission, online conferencing, and seamless integration with other platforms, has significantly enriched the process of teaching and learning of EnglishWorks! a US Embassy-sponsored project. These integral features have effectively facilitated the pedagogical dynamics inherent to English education. Despite encountering challenges, students expressed a sense of comfort, enthusiasm, and engagement. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil. English Linguistics Teacher, English Access, University of Education, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of Education, University of Education Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/an-extensive-examination-of-canvas-learning-management-system-lms-integration-within-englishworks-assessing-efficacy-in-english-language-enhancement https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-I).34 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Linguistic Diversity and National Identity in Pakistan: Parliament's Influence Chaman Hussain Mahboob Hussain Humaira Dar Linguistic Diversity National Identity Pakistan Parliament Influence Since its formation in 1947, Pakistan's linguistic diversity, where more than 70 languages are spoken, has had a significant impact on the country's national identity. This study uses a multidisciplinary method to analyse how Pakistan's parliament affects national identity in the midst of this diversity. It draws on linguistics, the study of politics, and sociology. The impact of parliamentary language rules on political discourse and unity is examined. This study examines how parliament promotes interlanguage harmony, protects rights, and builds a shared national identity through an extensive assessment of parliament debates, legislation, and their implementation.Additionally, it examines the challenges posed by linguistic diversity and how these impact cohesiveness and stability. This study provides insights to guide strategies that encourage unity in the face of variety, fostering a more inclusive and peaceful Pakistani society. It does this by shedding light on the interactions between diversity in languages, parliament, and national identity. Humanity Publications PhD. Scholar, Department of History and Pakistan Studies. University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Chairman, Department of History and Pakistan Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor/ Head of Department History and Pakistan Studies, Government Islamia College, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/linguistic-diversity-and-national-identity-in-pakistan-parliaments-influence https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-I).35 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Ghebi Stops: Inventory, Distribution and Voice Onset Time (VOT) Syed Najam-ul-Hassan Saghir Anjum Azmat Hayat Ghebi Plosives Minimal Pairs Acoustic Analysis VOT PRAAT This study focuses on the Ghebi dialect spoken in Pakistan's northwest. The study primarily examines stops of the Ghebi dialect at word initial, medial, and final positions while also investigating the Voice Onset Time (VOT) values of Ghebi stops. Through the analysis of minimal pairs, 16 plosive sounds have been discerned in Ghebi, characterized by a four-way voicing contrast and articulated at four distinct locations. The voiceless unaspirated plosives consist of /p, t̪, ʈ, k/, while the voiceless aspirated plosives include /ph, t̪ʰ, ʈʰ, kʰ/. Voiced unaspirated plosives are represented by /b, d̪, ɖ, g/, whereas voiced aspirated plosives feature /bʰ, d̪ʰ, ɖʰ, gʰ/. VOT values were quantified using PRAAT, with voiceless stops exhibiting shorter VOT values. It was found that /ʈ/ has the shortest VOT value, while /ɖ/ has the longest VOT value. This present study will greatly contribute to the documentation and exploration of the Ghebi dialect. Humanity Publications P.hD. Scholar, Department of English Language and Applied Linguistics, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan. P.hD. Scholar, Department of English Language and Applied Linguistics, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Urdu, Government Associate College, Pindigheb, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/ghebi-stops-inventory-distribution-and-voice-onset-time-vot https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-I).36 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Quest for self in McEwan’s Atonement: An Existentialist study Aliya Ayub Nailah Riaz Existentialism; Self-identification; Absurdum; Subjective; Objective; Appearance; Disappearance; Binary oppositions This study examines existentialism as a useful self-identification strategy. Existentialism emphasizes freedom, choice, and self. The study focuses on McEwen's Atonement's self-desire. The human condition is to define life. We'll demonstrate in this study how existentialism aids in self-definition. If there were no objective trends, this philosophical  perspective would be subjective. Examining existentialism's impact on self-identification, the study. Different approaches to self- identification are presented by Human Existentialism and Absurdum. Existentialism requires that every individual define and interpret their own life. According to McEwan, atonement alters one's viewpoint of the world. That's what this study will show. Personal characteristics and human existentialism. We'll look at existentialism's impact on the personal meaning in this study. Deconstruction will be used in this study's pragmatic analysis of existentialism. Instead of examining a logical totality, deconstruction theory examines conflicting meanings. The "Binary opposition" deconstruction lens is one of the most significant ones. Humanity Publications M.Phil English Literature, Department of English Language and Literature, The University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Head, Department of English Language and Literature, The University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/quest-for-self-in-mcewans-atonement-an-existentialist-study https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-I).37 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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The Relationship Between Morphological Knowledge And Writing Proficiency Among Pakistani IELTS Examinees Anmol Naveed Syed Kazim Shah Nelofir Shaber Morphological Awareness Argumentative Writing IELTS Test Takers Correlational Study The study examined the relationship between morphological knowledge and writing proficiency of Pakistani IELTS test candidates. The sample consisted of 131 (86 males and 45 females) Pakistani IELTS candidates. Two instruments (A test for morphological awareness and Prompt from IELTS writing task 2) were used to collect data. Pearson product-moment correlation was used to examine the correlation between morphological awareness and writing proficiency and the T-test to find the gender difference in both morphological awareness test scores and argumentative essay band scores. Further, the IELTS writing task 2 module was used to score argumentative essay writing. Findings revealed no statistically significant gender difference in argumentative essay writing band scores and a minor but statistically significant gender difference on the morphological awareness test. The results revealed females' superiority over males in morphological awareness. Likewise, Pearson product-moment correlation analysis showed no correlation between morphological understanding and writing proficiency. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Applied Linguistics Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, University of Okara, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/the-relationship-between-morphological-knowledge-and-writing-proficiency-among-pakistani-ielts-examinees https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-I).38 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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"Master Disciple Relationship in the Hindi Poetry of Amir Khusrow: An Analysis" by Tazeem Imran Tazeem Imran Indo Persian Fana Fil Shaykh Model Sufi Poet The Indo-Persian Sufi tradition emphasizes incommunicable, unbound, and unconditioned Divine love, evoking a bridal metaphor as a symbol of divinity. The spiritual path evolves through esoteric contemplation of Fana Fil Shaykh, characterized by complete trust and willingness to discover the miraculous powers of the Holy Guide. The Master emerges as the prime model for the seeker of divine love, and the relationship between the Master and Disciple is characterized by self-subjugation and meditation. Amir Khusrow, a distinguished Sufi poet, transcribed the intimacy and mutual love between Master and Disciple in his Hindi poeticarticulations and musical compositions, contributing significantly to Indian art and literature. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Pakistan Studies, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan 2023-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/master-disciple-relationship-in-the-hindi-poetry-of-amir-khusrow-an-analysis-by-tazeem-imran- https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-I).39 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Examination of Magical Negro Trope in Sue Monk Kidd's 'The Secret Life of Bees' Amara Khan Magical Negro Trop Post Colonialism Black Characters Black Women In a few years, the conversation about Negros has taken a new turn. The Ideal black characters portrayed in the film are often those who suffer from infinite pain and face humiliation to protect white people. These ideal black characters are portrayed by white writers mostly. In this study, we will explore the elements of post-colonialism and how black characters are portrayed by white writers in their books. This study focuses on the Examination of Magical Negro Trope in Sue Monk Kidd’s ‘The Secret Life of Bees’. This study will focus on how black women are portrayed in the book ‘The Secret Life of Bees. In the present, we will explore different black characters who are independent as well as self-sufficient. August Boatwright's character can be seen as strongly independent and compassionate, it breaks the stereotypical expectations of society of black women. Humanity Publications Associate Professor, Department of English, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/examination-of-magical-negro-trope-in-sue-monk-kidds-the-secret-life-of-bees https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-I).40 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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"Fractured Identity and Diasporic State of Parsee Community" under the Selected Writings of Bapsi Sidhwa Fatima Azhar Jonathan Caleb Imdad Khalid Mehmood Ahmad Culture Multiculturalism Diaspora Displacement Homelessness Exile As both, the issues of fractured identity and diaspora have been applied to archaeology over the course of the past decade they are usually treated exclusively. Occasionally, they have pertained together as the backdrop to many studies which aim to highlight political influences on contemporary state representations of the past. Both fractured identity and diasporic identity are central to this research and all the discussion about these concepts have been highlighted under the umbrella of Bapsi Sidhwa’s selected writings. An important and great deal of information has been gathered through the views of Edward Saeed, Smith and Fanon. This study discusses the role of identity in the partition of Pakistan and India and how it turns into splintered identity. This study relates the relation of identity which later on changes into diasporic identity and then changes into displacement which leads a person towards homelessness, which ultimately turns into exile. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Lahore School of Accountancy & Finance, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English Language and Literature, University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English Language and Literature, University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/fractured-identity-and-diasporic-state-of-parsee-community-under-the-selected-writings-of-bapsi-sidhwa https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Efficacy Of Blended Learning Technique in Enhancing ESL Students' Linguistic Skills Azhar Ahmad Bushra Iqbal Imama Sabir Rao Blended Learning Electronic-learning Face to Face Learning English Language skills Productive and Receptive Skills Experimental Research The present research was conducted to determine the efficacy of blended learning in enhancing ESL students' linguistic skills. The quasi-experimental research design was used, and as a research instrument pretest and posttest questionnaires were used for data collection. The population of the study was the ESL students of a private university in Lahore. Fifty-six students were selected from both genders as a sample to contribute to this research. The participants were divided into controlled and experimental groups; each group was comprised of twenty-eight students. The control group was taught in traditional style whereas the experimental group was taught by using blended learning techniques. The composed data was analyzed by using three techniques pretest, posttest, and independent samples of pretest and posttest. The results showed a significant difference between the scores of the experimental group, which suggests that blended learning is an effective technique in enhancing linguistic skills, thus study proved the efficacy of blended learning techniques. Humanity Publications MPhil, Department of English Linguistics, Lahore Leads University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil, Department of English Linguistics, Lahore Leads University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil, Department of English Linguistics, Lahore Leads University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/efficacy-of-blended-learning-technique-in-enhancing-esl-students-linguistic-skills https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Head Movement Operation in Academic Discourse: A Syntactic Based Analysis Muhammad Saleem Naseer Abbas Shaista Irshad Khan Discourse Head-Movement Minimalist Syntax Teacher This research study is an investigation of Head-Movement operation in the syntactic structures of classroom discourse of university level teachers in Pakistan. The head of one phrase is moved independently to attach to the head of a higher phrase in an apparently simple action known as head movement [X goes to Y]. The data was collected through recording of fourteen classes of the teachers. The recorded classes were transcribed manually for understanding the syntactic structures. Transcribed data of classes have total 27194 words [male transcribed words 14132 and female transcribed words 13062]. The frequency of the head-movement was analysed qualitatively and quantitatively through tabulations. The findings suggest that the syntactic structures of the selected fourteen teachers have head-movement with its two types; V-to-T and T-to-C. The result shows that the occurrences of head movement operation are 803 and the percentage is 2.952 %. Humanity Publications Subject Specialist (English), Elementary and Secondary Education Department, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. PMS Officer, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/head-movement-operation-in-academic-discourse-a-syntactic-based-analysis https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Challenges in Teaching Grammar to Secondary School English Learners in District Vehari Namra Munir Muhammad Bilal Ahmad Humera Bhatti Challenges Teaching Grammar English Learners Research demonstrates problems with secondary school English grammar instruction. The study's objectives are to (1) identify the challenges of teaching English grammar to secondary school students, (2) examine ways to improve it, and (3) prioritize solutions. This descriptive study was quantitative. All secondary public school English teachers in Vehari were studied. The researcher randomly sampled. The study used a nine-subscale questionnaire (Alam, 2005). Researchers administered a questionnaire to nearly 150 secondary school teachers during in-person visits.Percentage, mean score, and standard deviation yielded the findings. The survey found that secondary school English teachers dislike teaching grammar since they need a background. In secondary school, English grammar teachers require excellent training. The audio-lingual strategy also worked better for English teachers. Teachers think English grammar is complex. Teacher training may inspire secondary school students to study English grammar and language. This study may aid high school grammar teachers. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Education, Lahore, Vehari Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. BS English, Department of Humanities, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. MS Scholar, Department of Education, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/challenges-in-teaching-grammar-to-secondary-school-english-learners-in-district-vehari https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Impact of Ethnic Politics and Exploitation: An Analysis of Ice-Candy Man and Meatless Days Rubab Khalid Samina Yasmin Muhammad Naveed Akhtar Nationalism Neo-colonialism Ethnic Politics Exploitation Islamization Third-world nations have a problem with ethnic and religious violence, which is examined in this research by Frantz Fanon. Pakistan, a formerly colonised country, falls under this category. Numerous writers have written works that address this subject, including Sara Suleri and Bapsi Sidhwa. This investigation focuses on ethnic politics and religious issues in Pakistan. India was divided in 1947, and the new countries of India and Pakistan were born. Nonetheless, since East Pakistan (Bangladesh) broke out in 1971 due to ethnic politics, significant issues with national identity have been highlighted. This study's main objective is to explain why ethnic politics and religious conflicts have become worse in Pakistan after it broke apart from previous United India. Governmental elites in developing countries abuse their population based on their ethnicity. As a result, racial and religious tensions in the country erupted. It helps to comprehend Fanon's views on neocolonialism in this case.The book Ice-Candy Man and the memoir Meatless Days were closely read (textually analysed) forthis study. Humanity Publications M.Phill English Literature, Ripahah International University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, University of Education, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Administrative Officer, University of Education, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/impact-of-ethnic-politics-and-exploitation-an-analysis-of-icecandy-man-and-meatless-days https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Obstacles in English Learning: Perceptions of Science Major Undergraduates in Lahore Farzana Ilyas Shahid Hussain Shahid Muhammad Arif Khan Language Cognition Teaching Skills Science Students Learning a language is a cognitive activity, and most of our personality traits, like extroversion and introversion, have demonstration in our language. The present study was conducted to explore the issues of language learning by science students at the University of Lahore. A mix-method was used in which both quantitative and qualitative techniques were employed on a population size of 150 participants. A survey questionnaire was prepared to collect data for achieving the objective of thepresent study. The questionnaire was comprised of two parts. A close-ended questionnaire and one open-ended question were used for data collection. The goal of the 12-question survey was to find out what students thought about the problems science students had learning English in four main areas: reading, writing, listening, and speaking, as well as the overall learning environment in science classes. Based on the survey results, we calculated the mean and standard deviation of science major students' views on the challenges of learning English in their science classrooms. According to the qualitative findings, the poor English language proficiency of scientific students is attributable to the traditional teaching methods employed in science classrooms. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, Department of English, Lahore Leads University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Institute of Humanities & Arts, Khawaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English Language & Literature, Institute of Linguistics & Humanities, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/obstacles-in-english-learning-perceptions-of-science-major-undergraduates-in-lahore https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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The Question of Identity in Mohsin Hamid's The Reluctant Fundamentalist from Hegel's Perspective of 'Self and Other' Zia Ullah Khan Niazi Samina Ashfaq Hegelian ‘Self and Other’ Identity Self- realization The Reluctant Fundamentalist 9/11Event The present study aims to explore and analyze the Question of Identity in Mohsin Hamid's novel The Reluctant Fundamentalist (2007) from Hegel's perspective of 'Self and Other' by using textual analysis. A qualitative method has been used to interpret the novel by applying Hegel's concept of 'Self and Other' as a framework. Hegel's concept of 'Self and Other' further clarifies the process of Self-consciousness involving the factors of Desire, Recognition, Thinking and Reason. In TheReluctant Fundamentalist, the protagonist, Changez becomes the victim of questionable identity after the 9/11 event in America. He gets a series of untoward incidents during his stay in America. In the present research work, the researcher has become able to explore and analyze Changez’s process of getting self-realization in resolving the question of identity through Hegel’s perspective of ‘Self and Other’. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of Linguistics & Literature, Qurtuba University of Science & Information Technology, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. Professor, English, Qurtuba University of Science & Information Technology Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/the-question-of-identity-in-mohsin-hamids-the-reluctant-fundamentalist-from-hegels-perspective-of-self-and-other https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Effect of Code Switching on Bilingual Students' Success in Mathematics and Language Education Muhammad Sher Baz Ali Muhammad Ihsan Muhammad Ihsan G. Zainab Sherazi Code-switching Bilingual Students Mathematics Education Language Education Integrated Instruction The present research investigates the effects of code-switching techniques on the academic achievement of bilingual pupils in the fields of mathematics and language education. The study centres on the integration of English and Mathematics instruction. This research aims to determine effective methods for teaching bilingual students and identify the benefits and challenges ofincorporating code-switching in mathematics and language education. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative data from standardized tests and qualitative data from interviews and classroom observations. The results revealed a positive correlation between code-switching and bilingual students' mathematics and language performance, suggesting that integrated English and Mathematics instruction can enhance learning outcomes. Moreover, the study identified specific code-switching techniques that effectively support bilingual students in the mathematics classroom. These findings have crucial implications for educators working with bilingual students, highlighting the importance of tailoring teaching strategies to address the unique needs of this population while fostering their linguistic and mathematical abilities. Humanity Publications Visiting Lecturer, Department of Education, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. Visiting Lecturer, Department of Education, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. Visiting Lecturer, Department of Education, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Education, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/effect-of-code-switching-on-bilingual-students-success-in-mathematics-and-language-education https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Representation of Traumatization In Morrison's Beloved from A Caruthian Perspective Fatima Ghafoor Muhammad Shakil Ur Rehman Muhammad Ilyas Senior Trauma Theory Slavery Nostalgia Traumatization Textual analysis Marginalization The study analyzes traumatization as a process in Beloved (1987), written by an Afro-American writer, Toni Morrison,following Cathy Caruth’s (1996) trauma theory, which states that "a shock that appears to work very much like a bodily threat is, in fact, a break in the mind's experience of time" (Caruth 1996: 61). Traumatization can be used as a process in literature and is frequently and intricately linked to pain in ways one does not fully comprehend. This research study follows one of the types of textual analysis, i.e., the Content Qualitative Method introduced by Bernard Berelson (1952) in communication research, which demonstrates that ‘content analysis is a research technique for the objective, systematic, and quantitative description of clear content of the communication. It also analyzes the reactions of the victimized characters to the horrific incidents they encountered. As a result of being traumatized by slavery and murdering her own daughter, Sethe suffers the most visible split. It builds a bridge between the events in the narrative and the readers' imaginations to get to know the psychology of victims in an altered state of consciousness. Humanity Publications MS Scholar, City University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Higher Education Department, KP, Pakistan. Subject Specialist, English, Elementary & Secondary Education, KP, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/representation-of-traumatization-in-morrisons-beloved-from-a-caruthian-perspective https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).09 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Peer Feedback Practices in Improving English Vocabulary Learning among ESL Learners Nargis Noor Jalalzai Nagina Kanwal Zahira Ashraf Peer Feedback; English Vocabulary; ESL Learners; Vocabulary Games; Vocabulary Quizzes Improving one's command of vocabulary knowledge is essential for advancing English language skills. Hence this study was undertaken using a qualitative technique to investigate students' perceptions of the Peer feedback strategies their teachers employ to improve English vocabulary learning among them. The population of this study consisted of all the enrolled students in the high schools in the city of Multan. By using a convenient sampling technique, 22 students were recruited to collect the data from conducting interviews. The findings of the study indicate that ESL teachers incorporate various helpful peer feedback techniques in their teaching practices that enable students to reinforce their language knowledge and enhance their vocabulary knowledge. These approaches include vocabulary games and vocabulary quizzes. Along with ESL teachers, the management authorities must give support to the faculty members to ensure their success. Humanity Publications Department of Education, University of Loralai, Balochistan, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, University of Punjab Jhelum, Campus, Jhelum, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil Applied Linguistics, Department of English, Lahore Leads University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/peer-feedback-practices-in-improving-english-vocabulary-learning-among-esl-learners https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).10 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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A Mismatch between Interests of Students and Content of Grade XI English Textbooks Muhammad Asif Gul Students' Interests Content Textbooks Over two hundred thousand failed Part-I English in Annual Examination conducted by eleven Boards in 2014 (Punjab, FBISE, AJK Board) (Gul, 2016). One reason of such a large scale failure may be an inappropriate content of the textbooks. The study assumed that the content of Grade XI English (Compulsory) Textbooks did not cater to the interests of the students. Qualitative and quantitative data was collected by Questionnaire from 500 randomly selected students. The analysis demonstrated that content of the subject textbooks evoked antagonistic feelings in the learners which cause failure. The study suggests that a course-content that arrests and maintains attention of learners by designing such activities as are absorbing and inspiring is mandatory to make class environment lively and learning conducive. It is high time that we upgrade the standard of our English textbooks because to be poor in English costs substantially high due to its comprehensive market. Humanity Publications Lecturer, University of Central Punjab, Rawalpindi Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-mismatch-between-interests-of-students-and-content-of-grade-xi-english-textbooks https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).11 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Representing Gender Inequalities in the Curriculum of Punjab: A Content Analysis of Grade IX Textbook of English Muhammad Imran Saeed Muhammad Nasir Nimra Siddique Content Analysis Gender Specifications Visibility Textbooks Constitution of Pakistan The construction of gender and imaging gender as a reason for inequality is a well- established field of linguistic research. This study seeks to investigate the representation of gender in English textbooks for grade IX published by the Punjab Textbook Board (PTB), Pakistan. In order to assess the textbook from a gender perspective, the qualitative research method was employed. The text is examined using content analysis from a gender viewpoint. In this study, secondary data watches the main subject. According to the data, the grade IX English textbook from the Punjab textbook board has more phrases that are specifically slang for men. Additionally, there is a representation of female gender-specific terminology in the ninth-grade English textbook. Despite the Constitution of Pakistan of 1973's stated intention to reduce gender imbalances, male supremacy permeates all of the themes and sub-themes. It is observed that the government, textbook boards, and curriculum directorate should ensure an equal distribution of information for both sexes to boost women’s visibility in Pakistan. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Humanities, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Institute of Southern Punjab, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Department of Humanities, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/representing-gender-inequalities-in-the-curriculum-of-punjab-a-content-analysis-of-grade-ix-textbook-of-english https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).12 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Uzma Aslam Khan's Thinner Than Skin and Prospects for Aesthetic Appreciation Nida Nadeem Asim Karim Hafiza Rashna Ashraf Thinner Than Skin Pakistani Anglophone Fiction Aesthetics Schopenhauer The present study argues that the novel Thinner than Skin is not intended to be read as a depiction of the beautiful scenery of northern Pakistan. Instead, the beauty of the landscape's surface masks the bleak/painful reality beneath. As a result, aesthetic issues in Thinner than Skin revolves around whether or not the underlying sufferings that contradict the sublime should be taken into account when appraising the creative worth of works of fiction. When reading the story from Schopenhauer's point of view, this lends new meanings and an existential difficulty to the aesthetic beauty of the aforementioned locations. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, Department of English, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Professor, Department of English, University of Wah, Wah Cant, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, Department of English, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/uzma-aslam-khans-thinner-than-skin-and-prospects-for-aesthetic-appreciation https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).13 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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BS English Students' Lexical Assimilation Errors and Remedial Measures Faryal Gill Faqir M. Aslam Rana Muhammad Amir Abbas Lexical Errors Lexical Assimilations Remedial Measures English Language Teaching Vocabulary learning has gained much interest in second language acquisition research. Communication hinges on instinctive and precise word recognition skills, so a learner needs to be equipped with adequate vocabulary knowledge for fluency. Yet, this process of gaining fluency becomes suffocating for EFL (English as a Foreign Language) learners when they come across unknown words and this often results in giving up reading or making zero effort to understand the meaning of a text.This shows that learners lack the ability to gain knowledge of handling unknown words. For this purpose, various kinds of vocabulary tests have been constructed through time. This study aims to get together the notion of errors in vocabulary assimilation and use, the development of vocabulary assessment and the incorporation of some remedial measures that can help Pakistani BS learners improve their English lexical assimilation. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of English, GC Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, English Language Center, University of Technology and Applied Sciences (Salalah), Sultanate of Oman. English Language Center, University of Technology and Applied Sciences (Ibri), Sultanate of Oman. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/bs-english-students-lexical-assimilation-errors-and-remedial-measures https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).14 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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An Investigation to Design Course of English for Legal Purposes (ELP) from Viewpoint of CBI in Sindh Law College, Hyderabad Ali Siddiqui Ajab Ali Lashari Abdul Rasheed Soomro CBI Course ELP Hyderabad Guideline Law Sindh The course of English for legal purposes has greatly received acceptance in Pakistan. The courses of ELP are not concerned to teach particular terms and phrases to translate texts with the teaching technique of the Grammar Translation method (GTM). Pakistan has been active in participating in International Relations. Therefore, it is significant to expect the attached course of ESP that could facilitate learners in preparation for their career in international outlook. Under this principle, the current theme of the paper is envisioned to give the layout of ELP courses that could tailor to the needs of law undergraduate students in Sindh Law College, Hyderabad. This course is proposed to design its foundation on content-based instruction. The issues are perceived through various angles in different ELP settings. The proposed plan for ELP courses is expected beneficial for teachers and students that are involved in the development of ELP courses in various renowned Universities in Pakistan. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Institute of English Language and Literature, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Education Sindh Madressatul Islam University Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. Lecturer Institute of English Language and Literature Shah Abdul Latif University Khairpur, Sindh, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/an-investigation-to-design-course-of-english-for-legal-purposes-elp-from-viewpoint-of-cbi-in-sindh-law-college-hyderabad https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).15 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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A Comparative Study of Vocabulary Assessment in Public and Private Sector Universities in Karachi, Pakistan Yusra Anees Vocabulary Examination Papers Communicative Competence Assessment Testing The study evaluates 1st year English General Undergraduate (BS, B.E, and BA) semesters' examination papers and their respective aims and objectives collected from Karachi's public and private sector universities. A total of 15 papers were collected to compare vocabulary assessing practices of public and private sector universities. The research centres on checking how well the semester papers of English General assess the vocabulary knowledge compared to devised aims and objectives. The methodology preferred to conduct the study is case study methodology under the qualitative research approach's paradigm. The findings reveal that both universities' sectors test a fraction of words on a superficial level in reading and writing skills in examinations. Both universities follow the old method of testing vocabulary, which cannot guarantee communicative competence in students. However, Public sector Universities are giving more emphasis on checking vocabulary in examination papers. The study suggests revising the overall assessment criterion and course objectivesrelated to vocabulary, which entails updating current teaching and testing practices as a whole. Humanity Publications M.Phil. Scholar, ELT & Applied Linguistics, University of Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-comparative-study-of-vocabulary-assessment-in-public-and-private-sector-universities-in-karachi-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).16 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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English Language Learners (ELLs) in Urdu Main Stream: Resources for State-Run Secondary Schools in Punjab Province Ramsha Nazar Muhammad Asif Shahzad Sidra Saghir English Language Learners This research analyzed the materials used to teach English in Punjab province's public secondary schools (Pakistan). The objectives of the study were; 1) to find out the availability of resources in English teaching and 2) to explore the utilization of availing resources in the teaching of English. A descriptive research methodology was used for this study. The study's population consisted of all secondary school teachers responsible for instructing their students in English. A total of 400 secondary school instructors were chosen randomly for the study. The study relied on a questionnaire with 21 questions. In pilot testing, the questionnaire had an overall reliability of 0.83. Based on the findings, few modern resources are useful for English teachers in the classroom. Whiteboards, blackboards, charts, and other visual aids are commonly used in classrooms to teach English. English language teachers in Pakistan's Punjab province need more English language teaching (ELT) materials in their classrooms. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Education, Government Graduate College for Women, Chowk Azam, Layyah, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Education, Lahore, Vehari Campus, Punjab, Pakistan MS Scholar, Department of Education, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/english-language-learners-ells-in-urdu-main-stream-resources-for-staterun-secondary-schools-in-punjab-province https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).17 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Comparative Analysis of Syntactical Errors in the Writings of ESL Students at Secondary Level in Pakistan Azhar Ahmad Shahid Hussain Shahid Perveen Akhter Farhat Syntactical Errors Standard English Writings ESL Students Secondary School Level Private & Public Sector In this comparative study, the researchers analyzed the syntactical errors in English writings of secondary-level Pakistani ESL students; though syntactical errors are commonly found in each language, it is mostly committed by ESL students in English language writings. The present study was formed on the quantitative method. The population of the study was one government and one private secondary school in the district of Lahore. Due to ethical considerations, the schools' names were not mentioned. The researchers selected 60 students’ sample from both schools; the G-group 30 students represent government schools and P-group 30 students represent private schools; the questionnaire was divided among these students as a research instrument for data collection. The data was analyzed in statistical charts, and mentioned in numbers and percentages. The findings of this comparative study disclosed that private school students committed fewer syntactical errors than government school students justifying the role of medium of instruction. Humanity Publications MPhil English (Linguistics), Lahore Leads University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Institute of Humanities and Arts Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Sindh, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Lahore Leads University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/comparative-analysis-of-syntactical-errors-in-the-writings-of-esl-students-at-secondary-level-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).18 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Psychological Discursiveness in Language Use of Imran Khan's Speech on National Issues Muhammad Ramzan Zartashia Kynat Javaid Misbah Afsheen Khan Morphological Analysis Syntactic Analysis Cognitive Pragmatic Communication Imran Khan Speech The aim of the present study is to understand psychological discursiveness in the speech delivered by former Prime Minister of Pakistan Imran Khan on national issues. In this study, cognitive (schematic) and linguistic analysis are hybridized at lexical, syntactic and pragmatical levels to find out the results. The study is mixed in its nature and there have been utilized Atomistic Morphological Analysis Method, Syntactic Analysis (Jegede, 2020) and Cognitive Pragmatic Communication Theory (Sperber & Wilson, 2004). Frequent use of first-person pronouns, declarative sentences and other utterings denotes that the speaker is intended to keep the speech relevant to the aspects like power, hegemony and ideology. Furthermore, cognitive linguistic analysis reveals that the speaker is determined to present his agenda as positive ourselves and negative other-selves for the promotion of his own hegemonic agenda which is wrapped in the ideology. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of English Linguistics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan Lecturer, Department of Applied Psychology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English Linguistics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/psychological-discursiveness-in-language-use-of-imran-khans-speech-on-national-issues https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).19 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Learning Factors Causing Silence in English Language (L2) Classrooms at the Graduate Level Azizullah Amur Syed Uzma Paiam Bukhari Ajab Ali Lashari Student's Silence Confidence L2 Classroom The English language has been enjoying the status of an official, language of formal documentation and medium of teaching and learning in academic settings. The main object of the study was to find the factors to cause students' silence in English language (L2) classrooms at one of the Government Universities (CS 2nd year). Applying the qualitative real ethnographic research design; with effective classroom observations (using the observation sheet adopted from Jim King) and semi-structured interviews. The study analyzed that there are some notable learning factors, (such as anxiety, fear, lack of confidence, lack of L2 knowledge and L1 interference) that impact the student's participation in the L2 classroom resulting in silence. Such issues directly affect students' speaking proficiency, and confidence to talk and participate in activities in L2 classroom. The study will be helpful for teachers, curriculum designers and policymakers to overcome the factors causing silence. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of College Education, Government of Sindh, Sindh, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Sindh Madressatul Islam University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Education, Sindh Madressatul Islam University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/learning-factors-causing-silence-in-english-language-l2-classrooms-at-the-graduate-level https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).20 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Group Discussions Practices in Improving English Vocabulary Learning among ESL Learners Mehwish Jameel Farah Zahid Sami Ul Haq Group Discussions English Vocabulary ESL Learners Active Engagement Constructive Feedback Enhancing English language proficiency, particularly in vocabulary, is vital for students' academic success. Therefore, a qualitative study was conducted to examine students' perspectives on the strategies employed by their teachers to improve English vocabulary learning through group discussions. The study included all enrolled high school students in two schools in Hyderabad, and 20 students were selected through convenient sampling for interview data collection. The findings highlight the importance of group discussions in expanding ESL learners' vocabulary knowledge through various means. These include the active engagement of learners, their exposure to different perspectives, opportunities to practice speaking, and constructive feedback they receive from teachers.Therefore, ESL instructors are encouraged to incorporate group discussion practices in their classrooms. Educators can include those activities that stimulate active involvement, allow for peer relationships, and provide constructive feedback. Humanity Publications M.Phil. Applied Linguistics, Minhaj University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil. English Linguistics, Department of English Linguistics, Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil. Research Scholar, Department of English Literature and Linguistics, Lahore Leads University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/group-discussions-practices-in-improving-english-vocabulary-learning-among-esl-learners https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).21 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Ethics, Genes-Editing and Digital Immortality: A Posthumanist Reading of Ishiguro's Klara and the Sun Fatima Aysha Sahar Javaid Genetic Engineering Digital Immortality Posthuman Bioethics Mind- Uploading Technology has played its role in enhancing people's quality of lives by boosting their innate competence. Genetic Engineering and Digital immortality are recent developments in this field.This study intends to examine the darkside of advanced technology in Genetic Engineering and the complexities regarding digital immortality with textual references from Ishiguro’s Klara and the Sun.The analysis of text is dealt with under the theoretical paradigm of ethical debates on genetic engineering in Francesca Ferrando’s posthuman bioethics from her work Philosophical Posthumanism and Micheal Sandel’s The Case against Perfection. Moreover, the issues of consciousness and mind-uploading also make the base of the study. This study finds that these advance technologies have alsonegative impacts on humans and society. Humanity Publications M.Phil Scholar, English Literature, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil Scholar, English Literature, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Department of English, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/ethics-genesediting-and-digital-immortality-a-posthumanist-reading-of-ishiguros-klara-and-the-sun https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).22 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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The Experience of Bereavement in Sorayya Khan's We Take Our Cities with Us: A Psychosocial Analysis Sara Anam Rana Abdul Munim Khan Shahbaz Khalid Bereavement Human Behavior Ethical Morals Mourning Life Death Love This study examines the potential for caregiving to enhance an individual's social standing. They inflict suffering under the guise of providing aid to others. Some individuals strive to maintain their strength. Individuals who are inhuman exhibit a lack of emotional warmth. Loss examines the conventional practices of indigenous communities. This research project seeks to shed light on life and human behaviour for interested readers, researchers, and students. Family life can be demanding at times. It is inconceivable to lose loved ones. Sorayya Khan brilliantly portrayed the ugliness of society as well as its greatest difficulties. Her books, novellas, and autobiographies all continue to make an impression. The author's "We Take Our Cities with Us" is a study of grief theory. The story begins by introducing the protagonist, her Dutch mother, and her ancestry. There will be an analysis of the book based on the tenets of anthropology and philosophy. Humanity Publications M.Phil. Scholar, Department of English, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Riphah International University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/the-experience-of-bereavement-in-sorayya-khans-we-take-our-cities-with-us-a-psychosocial-analysis https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).23 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Impact of Online Chat Language on Second Language Learners' written composition: A Corpus Based-Study Alia Awan Aqsa Atta Online Chat Language SLL Linguistics Features Sociolinguistics Competence KWIC This study investigates the impact of online chat language on second language learners and has gained significant attention in the field of language acquisition. The study examines how online chat language influences learners' proficiency, accuracy, vocabulary acquisition, and sociolinguistic competence. By analyzing relevant research studies conducted using the corpus-based methodology, the study aims to provide insights into the advantages and challenges associated with online chat language for second language acquisition. A sample of the corpus of online chat conversations via WhatsApp chat will be compiled, representing various language learners' interactions and finding out the KWIC through online software programmer Sketch Engine. The corpus analysis will be complemented questionnaire conducted with a subset of participants. The findings of this study will contribute to our understanding of the role of online chat language in second language acquisition and provide insights for language learners. Humanity Publications M.Phill Scholar, Department of Linguistics & Communications, University of Management & Technology, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of Linguistics & Communications, University of Management & Technology, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/impact-of-online-chat-language-on-second-language-learners-written-composition-a-corpus-basedstudy https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).24 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Embodied Cognition and the Pedagogical Spaces of Paris: Unveiling the Influence on Hemingway's Literary Education in A Moveable Feast (2011) Mubashar Altaf Saima Yousaf Khan Hajra Umer Pedagogical space Ernest Hemingway Literary education A Moveable Feast Embodied cognition Parisian milieu Writing style and artistic vision This study explores the impact of pedagogical space in Paris on Ernest Hemingway's literary education as portrayed in his work, A Moveable Feast (2011) through a meticulous analysis of the text, it elucidates the significant pedagogical space, mentorship and collaboration that influenced Hemingway's cognitive development as a writer. It investigates his assimilation of the city's cultural heritage, historical backdrop, and diverse individuals into his literary creations, capturing the essence of Parisian life. By shedding light on the interplay between Hemingway's embodied cognition and the pedagogical spaces, this research offers insights into the significance of such environments in literary education. It emphasizes the enduring relevance of these insights for contemporary writing and artistic communities. The study is unraveling the relationship between pedagogical spaces and the development of his writing style. It underscores the transformative power of physical environments and embodied cognition in shaping the creative journey of a literary genius. Humanity Publications Ph.D. Scholar, Linguistics & Literature, Department of English, Air University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English Literature, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. Ph.D. Scholar, Linguistics & Literature, Department of English, Air University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/embodied-cognition-and-the-pedagogical-spaces-of-paris-unveiling-the-influence-on-hemingways-literary-education-in-a-moveable-feast-2011 https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).26 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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A Descriptive Study of EFL Learners' Attitude towards the English Language at the Secondary School Level Muhammad Qasim Ali Sana Alvi Ramsha Nazar English Language EFL Learners Secondary School The study highlighted EFL learners' attitudes toward the English language at the secondary school level. The study's main goals were to compare Urdu EFL secondary school students' attitudes and learning approaches toward English in public and private schools. It was a descriptive study. All public and private secondary school pupils were studied. The study employed a standardized questionnaire. Studies employed the above questionnaire, which was reliable. Samples were surveyed.The most common statistical methods—mean score, standard deviation, and t-test—were employed to examine the data. The study found that private secondary school students are more interested in learning and speaking English than public secondary school students—private secondary school students like English. Encourage and motivate pupils to have a positive attitude toward learning English to reduce their hesitation to speak and write English. Language-centred teaching and classroom involvement can improve English speaking and writing. Confidence boosts English learning. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Institute of Southern Punjab, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Government Graduate College for Women, Chowk Azam, Layyah, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Education, Government Graduate College for Women, Chowk Azam, Layyah, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-descriptive-study-of-efl-learners-attitude-towards-the-english-language-at-the-secondary-school-level https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).25 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Power and Resistance: A Critical Racial Study of Harris' The Other Black Girl (2021) Rimsha Sameen Aleem Gillani Sami Ul Haq Racism Resistance Power Novel Zakiya Dalila Harris’ masterwork The Other Black Girl (2021) examines black women’s experiences with racism. American civilization is matured, yet white-black inequalities have caused it to rethink rules and perceptions. Minority ethnic groups are subjugated, but the challenges are how to achieve equal rights under racism. This study explores black women’s lives in America and the “other side” of racism. The qualitative investigation is descriptive. Delgado and Jean Stefancic (2001) study American race and prejudice using Critical Race Theory. Racism also involves exploring race and seeking equal rights. Racism also involves contemplation and “creation of resistance” against racial behaviour. Resistance production seeks power and equal rights. Delgado and Jean Stefancic (2001) defined resistance as literature, media war, defensive behaviour, solidarity of minor ethnic groups, mainstreaming of black women, and fighting racial thought. Power, equal rights, and identity can make a society standardized, according to the study. Humanity Publications M.Phil. English Literature, Department of English. The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, IR/Deputy Director of Academics & Diplomatic Relations, Minhaj University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil. Research Scholar, Department of English Literature and Linguistics, Lahore Leads University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/power-and-resistance-a-critical-racial-study-of-harris-the-other-black-girl-2021 https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).27 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Discourse and Social Media Activism: Investigating the Role of Online Discourse in Promoting Social Change Mahr Muhammad Imran Noor Ul Ain Raza Online discourse Social media activism Linguistic strategies Communicative practices Mobilization Collective action This research examines the complex connection between online discourse and its role in fostering social change in an era when social media platforms have become powerful instruments for activism. We use a multi-method approach to studying the ways in which activists use language, discourse, and communication in online settings. We hope to learn more about how online speech helps to mobilize, raise awareness, and advocate for social causes by examining both quantitative social media data and qualitative conversation samples. We hope to learn how activists frame issues, interact with audiences, and inspire group action by studying the primary themes, rhetorical devices, and discursive methods they employ. We analyze how posts on social media on a wide range of social causes share common linguistic features, such as emotional language, storytelling methods, and the creation of collective identities. We also look into how activists use tactics like hashtags, viral campaigns, and audience participation to get their messages across. Humanity Publications Govt. School Teacher, Department of Education, Govt. of Punjab, Pakistan. Special Education Teacher, Department of Education, Govt. of Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/discourse-and-social-media-activism-investigating-the-role-of-online-discourse-in-promoting-social-change https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).28 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Error Analysis of Punjabi ESL Learners' Imperative's Direct and Indirect Narration Soha Farooq Aisha Farid Errors Analysis Narration Imperatives Interlingual Errors Intralingual Errors This paper aimed to identify and analyze errors in the direct and indirect narration of imperative sentences committed by Punjabi adult English language learners. For this purpose, 256 students of intermediate level were selected randomly from four tehsils of district Sialkot. The study based on Ellis' theoretical model followed the quantitative research method. The data was collected from both sexes, boys and girls, using convenient and simple random sampling techniques through written tests. The results reveal eight types of errors committed, primarily in Pronouns, Tenses, Imperative Verbs, and Infinitive To. The frequency analysis of the errors showed that the erroneous use of Pronouns was the most frequent, and the least number of errors were made in the use of the modal "Should". There were more errors of 'Omission' and 'Addition' than 'Mis-ordering'. It was also found that the highest number of errors were made in 'Alternating Forms'. Humanity Publications MS Student, Department of English, Government College Women University Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Government College Women University Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/error-analysis-of-punjabi-esl-learners-imperatives-direct-and-indirect-narration https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).29 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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A Critical Evaluation of Political Incorrectness in Pakistani Political Discourse Ali Abbas Muhammad Akbar Khan Aleesha Tabassum Political incorrectness Critical discourse analysis Twitter Political discourse This study examines instances of political incorrectness in the context of contemporary Pakistani politics. It investigates the strategies employed by certain Pakistani politicians and political activists to advance their political objectives with political incorrectness. The research population consists of individuals from the online community on Twitter, specifically political activists and politicians. The data collection process was conducted by the researchers, ensuring accuracy and reliability and then was carefully examined and analyzed in detail with the help of the three-dimensional model devised by Norman Fairclough (2015). The research methodology used was descriptive and qualitative, focusing on providing a clear understanding of the subject. The findings of the study highlight that utilizing political incorrectness can be an effective means of belittling, ridiculing, and mocking political adversaries. Additionally, it revealed that political incorrectness could sway less educated individuals in the desired direction. This strategy proves to be quite shrewd, allowing political parties to accomplish their desired political objectives by defaming opponents. Humanity Publications M. Phil. Scholar, Department of Languages, The University of Chenab, Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of Languages, The University of Chenab, Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan. M. Phil. Scholar, Department of Languages, The University of Chenab, Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-critical-evaluation-of-political-incorrectness-in-pakistani-political-discourse https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).30 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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A Lexical Analysis of Jargons in the Book Untold Tales of Pakistan Air Force by Kamal Ahmad Ijaz ul Haq Zafar Iqbal Bhutti Muhammad Alamgir Jargon Lexical Analysis Word Formation Literal Meaning Associative Meaning This study made an effort to achieve the goals of the study, which were to define the word formation and meanings of the military jargon used in the book Untold Tales of the Pakistan Air Force. The researcher has examined the lexical study of particular military jargon. By using the theoretical viewpoints of Gurage Yule (2010), this research intends to explain word formation and meanings via the lexical analysis of jargons and to discover the literal and associative meaning of chosen jargons used in Kamal Ahmad's book Untold Tales of the Pakistan Air Force. The study was conducted using a qualitative research approach. To accomplish the study goals, a variety of jargons were chosen through careful reading of the chosen book and thereafter analyzed in accordance with the models chosen. The research's conclusions reveal the uses and meanings of many distinct military jargons. It is important to note that several military jargon phrases have various interpretations; the military utilizes associative meanings, whilst the public interprets terms literally. Humanity Publications MPhil, Department of Applied Linguistics, Minhaj University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, School of English, Minhaj University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan MPhil, Department of Applied Linguistics, Minhaj University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-lexical-analysis-of-jargons-in-the-book-untold-tales-of-pakistan-air-force-by-kamal-ahmad https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).31 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Strategies for Translating Idioms from English to Urdu: An Analysis Mariam Bibi Liaqat Iqbal Zafar Nazeer Awan Translation of Idioms Translation Strategies Contextual and De-contextual Idioms Urdu English The purpose of this study is to investigate the translation strategies employed by undergraduate students in the translation of idioms from English into Urdu. To achieve this, a translation test was administered, incorporating Fernando's (1996) classification of idioms into three distinct categories: literal idioms, semi-idioms, and pure idioms. This test consisted of two parts: de-contextual idioms and context base idioms. Later on, an analysis of data collected from both de-contextual and contextual translations of idioms was analyzed employing translation strategies expounded by Baker and Newmark as the guiding framework. A significant number of students exhibited a lack of familiarity with the accurate use of translation strategies during the de-contextual translation of idioms, leading them to literal translation, resulting in numerous inaccuracies in their renditions of idiomatic expressions. Consequently, literal idioms are easy to translate but when it comes to semi-idioms and pure idioms, they get confused and lead to mistranslation. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/strategies-for-translating-idioms-from-english-to-urdu-an-analysis- https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).32 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Second Language Motivational Self-System of BS English Students at Khushal Khan Khattak University Karak, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan Maham Khan Khattak Syed Azaz Ali Shah Shah Zeb Anwer L2 Motivation Ideal Self Ought-to Self L2 Learning Experience The study in hand presents Pakistani undergraduate students' motivation towards learning the English language, applying Dörnyei’s (2009) model of the "L2 Motivational Self System".The purpose of the study is twofold; firstly, to find out the factors affecting the L2 Motivational Self System of BS English students at Khushal Khan Khattak University Karak (KKKUK). Secondly, to examine the factors that are different in male and female students while learning the English language at KKKUK. The study identified the influential factors that shaped the motivation of BS students at KKKUK in their English language learning process. It has highlighted the significance of factors such as international posture, cultural interest, attitude towards the L2 community, and instrumentality promotion. Furthermore, the study has revealed that female students have exhibited higher motivation in certain aspects compared to their male counterparts. Humanity Publications M.Phil. Scholar, Department of English, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, KP, Pakistan. M.Phil. Scholar, Department of English, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, KP, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/second-language-motivational-selfsystem-of-bs-english-students-at-khushal-khan-khattak-university-karak-khyber-pakhtunkhwa-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).33 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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The Effect of Teacher Personality on Student Performance and Engagement Madiha Liaqat Asifa Yasin Mariyam Nadeem Effect Teachers Personality Students Performance Engagement The present research investigates the significant impact of teacher personality on student academic achievement and level of involvement within educational settings. The objective of this study is to investigate the degree to which distinct aspects of teacher personality, including communication style, approachability, excitement, and flexibility, are associated with differences in student learning outcomes and classroom engagement. The study aims to identify significant personality qualities shown by teachers, evaluate their impact on student performance and engagement, and investigate possible approaches to enhance the teacher-student relationship. The study has great importance due to its ability to provide valuable insights for educational policy, better the effectiveness of teacher training programmes, and improve classroom practises by highlighting the crucial influence of teacher personality on student achievement. Utilising a mixed-methods methodology, this research  incorporates quantitative analysis of student metrics and surveys with qualitative insights derived from interviews conducted with teachers and students. In summary, this study enhances our understanding of the complex relationship between teacher personality and student academic performance, offering useful insights for the improvement of teaching practises and educational enhancement. Humanity Publications MPhil Education, Department of Education, University of Education Lahore, Faisalabad Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil English Linguistics, Department of English, Riphah International University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Government Graduate College Peoples Colony. 2 Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/the-effect-of-teacher-personality-on-student-performance-and-engagement https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).34 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Analysis of Males' Language Change through Power in Pakistani Dramas: A Multimodal Perspective Bibi Ranra Sheeba Sadaf Zainab Azmat Language Power Meta-functions Imperative Mood Indicative Mood Removed by Hafeez Sab on account of stolen content c/o Ramzan dated 5th of september 2023. The study aims to explore the differences in the language of male protagonists working in two TV dramas named “Parizad” and “Mere Paas Tum Ho". It adopted a purposive sampling technique as it suits the objectives of the study and 20 scenes have been taken: 10 from each drama (5 before gaining power and 5 after gaining power). Halliday's Social Semiotic Theory was used as a theoretical framework. The results revealed that in all scenes the most used theme is indicative before power and after power. However, the second most used theme is imperative and it has been used by protagonists after power. It is concluded that the language of protagonists changed after power in terms of giving orders, as their language after power shows most use of imperative mood but with negative characters only. Further, it is needed to investigate other meta-functions e.g., transitivity, theme and rheme etc. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, City University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English and Modern Languages, Pak Austria Fachhochschule, Haripur, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English and Modern Languages, Pak- Austria Fachhochschule: Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Haripur, KP, Pakistan 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/analysis-of-males-language-change-through-power-in-pakistani-dramas-a-multimodal-perspective https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).35 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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A Comparative Study to Evaluate ESL Learners' Proficiency and Attitudes towards English Language Athar Nawaz Jalbani Azhar Ahmad Sonal Khan Maitlo ESL Learners Learners’ Proficiency Learners’ Attitudes Standard English Language Intermediate Level The research aims to determine the proficiency of intermediate-level ESL learners regarding the English language and to know the attitude that was shown by them toward the English language. The population of the study includes all government colleges of district Khairpur Sindh, and the selected sample size was 150 ESL students from both genders and locations. For the purpose of evaluating ESL learners' proficiency and attitude, a comparison was made by the researchers. The results demonstrated that intermediate-level ESL students of district Khairpur Sindh have a normal level of English language. The results also displayed that becoming an expert and proficient in English is linked to the learner’s attitude. The present research showed that ESL learners of both rural and urban areas were inclined to learn the English language and there is no significant difference in the proficiency and attitude of male and female ESL learners of district Khairpur Sindh. Humanity Publications M.Phil. Scholar, Department of English (Linguistics), Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur, Sindh, Pakistan. M.Phil. English Linguistics, Lahore Leads University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil. English Linguistics, Lahore Leads University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-comparative-study-to-evaluate-esl-learners-proficiency-and-attitudes-towards-english-language https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).36 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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The Role of Proletarian Poetry in Peasant Movement of Pakhtunkhwa: A Critical Study of the Selected Poetry of Sayyid-Ul-Abrar Ghar Mohammad Ayaz Literature Maoism Proletarian Peasant Progressives Qitta and Socialism Sayyid-ul-Abrar (1948-79) alias, Ghar was one of the prominent proletarian poets of the former NWFP (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa), Pakistan, who’s poetry played a significant role in the evolution and growth of socialist realism in Pashtu literature. The historic Peasant Movement of 1970s especially the Hashtnagar Peasant’s uprising and agrarian struggle elsewhere in other parts of the province, were directly influenced through the proletarian poetry produced by Ghar and his contemporary Master Sultan Khalakyar. This study attempt to engage the selected poetry from Ghar’s two books; Sparghai [ Embers] and ‘Da Khwarikah Cheagha’ [ The cry of working class]as a case study to understand the links between poetry, art, and politics in a broader perspective of socialist realism. The important themes of these selected poetry, analysis of its contents with English translation, are also reproduced throughout this paper as evidence for better understanding of the subject interconnection of proletarian poetry with peasant’s struggle. Humanity Publications Lecturer/In-charge Chairman, Department of Pakistan Studies, Kohat university of Science and Technology, Kohat, KP, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/the-role-of-proletarian-poetry-in-peasant-movement-of-pakhtunkhwa-a-critical-study-of-the-selected-poetry-of-sayyidulabrar-ghar https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).37 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Comparison of Direct Method and Grammar Translation Method of Learning English on Students' Achievement at the University Level Sabahat Parveen Asif Iqbal Muhammad Faisal Farid Grammar Translation Method Direct Method Students’ achievement By comparing the effects of using the Grammar Translation Method (GTM) and the Direct Method (DM) on students' academic progress, this study digs into the area of education. The study uses a mixed-methods design for data collection. The performance of a sample consisting of 30 pupils  from an education university was assessed during a predetermined time period. Through pre- and post- assessments that gauge linguistic proficiency in terms of vocabulary retention, grammatical accuracy, and reading comprehension using quantitative data. Students shared their teaching approach opinions and experiences through interviews and surveys, collecting qualitative data. The results of this study revealed that the grammar-translation method has better performance when compared with the Direct Method. The quantitative analysis identifies each method's advantages and disadvantages in terms of language skill development. The qualitative data gave a more in-depth knowledge of how students are motivated, engaged, and feel about the two techniques. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of Education, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/comparison-of-direct-method-and-grammar-translation-method-of-learning-english-on-students-achievement-at-the-university-level https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).38 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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English Reading Difficulties Faced by Students at Primary Level: Cross Comparison of Teachers' Perception and Students' Perception Yasmeen Tahira Shafqat Ali Samra Mehmood English reading difficulties Primary level Students’ Perception Teachers’ Perception This research investigates the perspectives of teachers and students regarding English reading challenges encountered by primary school students in Gujranwala district, Pakistan, encompassing both public and private schools. The research categorizes the challenges into three aspects: pronunciation problems, speed problems, and comprehension problems. A total of 96 teachers and 320 students participated in the study. Findings indicate a notable difference between the perceptions of teachers and students. Teachers perceive a higher intensity of difficulties across all categories compared to students. Statistical analysis reveals a significant difference between the two groups' perceptions (p = 0.026), indicating that teachers have a more heightened awareness of the problems faced by students in English reading. These results emphasize the importance of addressing these challenges through improved teaching methodologies and resources, tailored interventions, and enhanced communication between educators and learners. Humanity Publications M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Education, Minhaj University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of Education, Minhaj University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Education, Minhaj University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/english-reading-difficulties-faced-by-students-at-primary-level-cross-comparison-of-teachers-perception-and-students-perception https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).39 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Review Of Factors Affecting English Speaking Skills Among Foreign English Learners Javeria Tayyab Zunaira Imran Muhammad Arif Speaking Skills foreign Learners Applied Linguistic Universities Speaking skills, for effective communication, are widely recognized as a formidable challenge for language learners (EFL). In Pakistan, at the university level, these learners face numerous hurdles which hinder the progress of their speaking abilities. The present study is based on a review of articles. The objective was to categorize and pinpoint problematic aspects and linguistic barriers encountered by university students, with a particular focus on applied linguistics students in Pakistan. The scrutinized papers delved into the details of speaking difficulties and weaknesses experienced by university-level learners, primarily those immersed in the realm of applied linguistics. In the previous studies, EFL learners, grapple with challenges spanning linguistic factors, psycholinguistic factors and sociolinguistic factors. Furthermore, problems based on education, such as designed-based courses and the inadequacy of proficiency of teachers, compound predicaments faced by these learners. The key findings from this study serve as a useful path towards resolving the difficulties and issues related to speaking skills. Humanity Publications Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Education, Superior University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Education, Superior University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Superior University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/review-of-factors-affecting-english-speaking-skills-among-foreign-english-learners https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).40 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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The Disintegration of Pakistan 1971: A Critical Study on The Role of Language Conflict In East and West Pakistan (1947- 1971) Roman Ali Ibrar Hussain Hanzibin Language Nationalism Separatist Language is a crucial aspect of human communication and identity, and conflicts between different inhabitants of regional spoken languages can be detrimental to a nation's unity and integrity. Pakistan, created based on religious demand, disintegrated due to regional language issues, which provided a platform for separatists. The Bangladesh freedom war can be traced back to the historical background of East Pakistan, which was not only due to geographical and economic factors but also a lack of sightedness on the part of political parties and leadership. The government believed that the demand for the Bengali language was driven by Hindus and fifth columnists. The language movement, which began in 1947 and culminated in the separation of East and West Pakistan in 1971, provided a foundation for Bengali nationalism. The government's misinterpretation of ground realities allowed separatists to divert patriotism and anti-Pakistanism. The current paper highlights the linguistic controversy responsible for the disintegration of Pakistan. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, The Institute of Middle Eastern Studies (IMES), Northwest University Xi'an, P.R. China. Assistant Professor, Department of Governance Politics/IR and Public Policy, Abasyn University, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. Professor, The Institute of Middle Eastern Studies (IMES), Northwest University Xi'an, P.R. China. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/the-disintegration-of-pakistan-1971-a-critical-study-on-the-role-of-language-conflict-in-east-and-west-pakistan-1947-1971 https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).41 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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A Study on the Usage of Communication Levels in Expository Composition by Pakistani ESL Learners: A Corpus-Based Research Anser Mehmood Ayesha Zahoor Wajid Riaz Communication Communication Levels Expository Composition Esl Learners Corpus Experimental Study The research is about expository compositions which are coherent with communication levels, and the important factors of discourse. Largely, students were found incompetent to produce good writing skills and low levels of proficiency. The research focuses on the expository composition and analyses 100 students' essays from an experimental point of view which are the corpora of the study, while the research is mixed, and the nature of the research is experimental. The researchers envisaged two groups; controlled and experimental from the University of Lahore, Sargodha Campus. The researchers used Siddique (2017) as a research model and suggested pre-tests and post-tests. It was found that students’ expository essays were full of errors in the pre-test and their level of understanding of communication was weak whereas in the post-test students proved to a greater level. The research suggests that expository essays are the repository of learning whereas all levels of the English language can be improved. Humanity Publications Associate Professor, Department of English, University of Lahore, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Govt Associate College Lalian, Chiniot, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, University of Lahore, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-study-on-the-usage-of-communication-levels-in-expository-composition-by-pakistani-esl-learners-a-corpusbased-research https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).42 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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A Psychoanalytical Study of Melancholia and Maturation in Perry and Winfrey’s What Happened To You Areesha Zahra Khan Nailah Riaz Maturation Melancholia Trauma Sociopaths Sigmund Freud Empathy Psychological Neuroscience According to Winfrey D. Perry's "What Happened to You" (2021), early-life trauma can contribute to maturity and depression. Addressing negative effects on people requires community and the environment. This study examines negative human events and child trauma rehabilitation. Consequently, some children become heroes, while others become cunning and lethal sociopaths. Using his expertise in brain development and neuroscience, Perry and Winfrey examine the effects of trauma on children's behavior through a series of true stories. Assist your children in meeting life's challenges. Freud investigated how tragedy affects the mental development of children. Also explained is the mental anguish of trauma and depression victims. Therapy may assist individuals in recovering from such experiences. What Happened to You as a Whole is a psychoanalytic analysis of childhood trauma that helps trauma survivors develop empathy, awareness, and healing by enhancing our understanding of the profound impact of early events on human development. Humanity Publications M.Phil English Literature, Department of English Language and Literature, The University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Head, Department of English Language and Literature, The University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-psychoanalytical-study-of-melancholia-and-maturation-in-perry-and-winfreys-what-happened-to-you https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).43 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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The Concept of Postcolonial Othering in The Reluctant Fundamentalist and Exit West by Mohsin Hamid Muzaffar Qadar Snobra Rizwan Zia Ahmad Post Colonialism Othering Fundamentalist The current study intends to explore the clash between East and West as depicted by Mohsin Hamid in his novels 'The Reluctant Fundamentalist' and ‘Exit West.’ The study looks at how far and how efficiently Mohsin Hamid has portrayed the concept of Postcolonial Othering in his literature, and analyzes its consequences on Asian and Western People. For this purpose, it has followed the qualitative interpretivism research methodology, in which the analysis is conducted through a review of Hamid's selected literature, as well as scholarly published articles. The collected data was further analyzed through inclusion and exclusion criteria, and findings were used to reflect the dimension of postcolonial literature towards highlighting the social and cultural issues, as well as the victimization of communities in the name of decolonization. Overall, the reason for conducting this research is to highlight the curse, which the world was facing due to the absence of legislative structure, policies, and social frameworks. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Professor Department of English, Government Graduate College Civil Lines, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/the-concept-of-postcolonial-othering-in-the-reluctant-fundamentalist-and-exit-west-by-mohsin-hamid https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-II).44 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Assessing the Translation Proficiency of ChatGpt: An In- depth Analysis of its Language Translation Competence Nouman Yousaf Izhar Shahbaz Khalid chatgpt machine translation human translators translation The study examines the precision of human and machine translation. Discussing these topics is crucial at this moment. Technology is an integral aspect of our daily lives, yet it has also led to some concerning issues. This essay examines the areas where machine translations excel and those that still necessitate human involvement. There are certain translations that machines are unable to execute. There are many places where only humans can translate texts perfectly. This study utilises ChatGPT as a translation tool, providing it with three types of random text: newspaper paragraphs, idiomatic expressions, and poetic verses. The best translation technique and the translation process of an AI tool are evaluated by cross-checking and examining the provided result. Is it reliable? It also discusses the role of machine translation and its impact on human translators. The study selected English and Urdu as its languages of focus. The target language is English, and the source language is Urdu. Humanity Publications Department of Foreign Language and Literature, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, China. PhD Scholar, Department of English Language and Literature, Riphah International University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Department of Foreign Language and Literature, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, China. 2023-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/assessing-the-translation-proficiency-of-chatgpt-an-in-depth-analysis-of-its-language-translation-competence https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-III).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 3 Pakistan

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A Study of Linguistic Features of Interjections in Pashto and English Syeda Faryal Sumbal Imran Sumaira Rauf Interjections Pashto English Morphology Pragmatics The study is intended to investigate the morphological and pragmatic aspects of interjections in Pashto and English languages. It is also concerned with the finding of likenesses and contrasts between Pashto and English interjections. In order to reach these objectives, a qualitative method of purposive observation and comparative analysis is carried out. Evaluation shows that Pashto and English languages do share some morphological traits with respect to interjections in spite of the fact that both have distinct morphological patterns. The pragmatic uses of interjections are also looked at in this study by examining the ways in which they are used in both languages for indicating emotions, mindsets, conversational management, courteousness and other pragmatic goals. The use of observation and contrastive analysis helps by offering useful insights into the linguistic characteristics of interjections in Pashto and English languages. Our comprehension of interjections and their functions in language is advanced by this research. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 2023-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-study-of-linguistic-features-of-interjections-in-pashto-and-english https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-III).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 3 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:395008 2023-09-30 glr

A Critical Study of Hester Prynne in The Scarlet Letter through the Lens of Radical Feminism Rukhsar Gul Khanda Feminism Radical Feminism Patriarchy Self-identity The study is an exploration of Hawthorne’ The Scarlet Letter (1851) using feminist lens. The present study seeks to investigate the women sufferings in the character of Hester Prynne in the novel The Scarlet Letter (1851). Moreover, the study also aims to explore the factors of women sufferings in the light of Morgan’s theory of Radical feminism (1992). The sttudy is qualitative in nature. Textual analysis is done to see the sufferings of Hester and the factors contributing to women sufferings. Findings of the present study indicate that woman suffered with their status in the society and the physical state of mind that is not accepted by the patriarchal society. Hawthorn’s novel The Scarlet Letter (1851) had depicted the real picture of women sufferings in a male dominated society and also the factors that led women towards suppression. Humanity Publications Graduate, Department of English, Sardar Bahadar Khan Women's University, Nushki, Balochistan, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Sardar Bahadar Khan Women's University, Nushki, Balochistan, Pakistan. 2023-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-critical-study-of-hester-prynne-in-the-scarlet-letter-through-the-lens-of-radical-feminism https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-III).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 3 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:395009 2023-09-30 glr

Reader's Response to Achebe's Civil Peace Faheem Abbas Behmissal Fatima Civil Peace Nigerian War Postcolonial Literature Reader's Response Theory  This study aims to explore the personal interpretation of the reader of the short story "Civil Peace" using Norman Holland's Reader's Response vehicle. The study is based on a qualitative method, where the text of the story is subjected to the reader's interpretation to identify personality traits, familiar character traits, familiar plot events, and familiar settings. Findings reveal that the reader's interpretation is highly influenced by the major character of the story, Jonathan Iwegbu. The reader connects himself with Iwegbu at the first stage. In the second stage, Iwegbu's struggle seems similar to that of a person the reader knows, Ahmad. In the third stage, Iwegbu's response at moments of miracles and crises connects the reader with events in his personal life, showing unity with this character. Lastly, the reader appreciates Achebe's use of vernacular language as the best tool to depict real events in a realistic style. This study is a significant contribution to the current literature, providing insights into the reader's experience of "Civil Peace. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, Department of English, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, Department of English, The Women University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/readers-response-to-achebes-civil-peace https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-III).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 3 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:395010 2023-09-30 glr

Fate or Fortune: Madame Loisel's Path in 'The Necklace' - A Debate of Destiny versus Choice Muhammad Izhar Sheeza Arbab Iqra Hameed The Necklace Existentialist The Necklace Free Will Social Position This research looks at fate and choice in Guy de Maupassant's "The Necklace" under the prism of existentialism. When Madame Loisel misplaces the pricey diamond necklace she was given to wear to a public function, her private life is completely turned upside down. Madame's conduct and perceptions of her surroundings are examined in this study using existentialist theories to understand her existential ideas about autonomy, freedom, responsibility, and the need for meaning in the world. This study reveals existence-based conceptions of authenticity and self-identity and investigates how her early beliefs in money and social standing will affect her decisions throughout life. This analysis demonstrates how Madame Loisel's tale illustrates the conflict between accepting one's fate and making one's owndecisions. Supplying a more profound comprehension of human nature and existence. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of English Language and Literature, Riphah International University, Faisalabad Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil, Department of English Language and Literature, Riphah International University, Faisalabad Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil Scholar, Department of English, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/fate-or-fortune-madame-loisels-path-in-the-necklace-a-debate-of-destiny-versus-choice https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-III).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 3 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:395026 2023-12-30 glr

Analysis of Morphological Errors in English Written Texts by ESL Learners Mahnoor Ahmad Sayeda Faryal Sumaira Rauf Language Morphology Morphological Errors. Syntactical Errors Pakistan has long studied English, thus it's critical to identify some typical mistakes made by ESL students so that they can develop more effective English language learning techniques. This study examines the morphological and syntactic mistakes made by ESL students when writing in English. The study aims to identify the different kinds of morphological errors that students make in their writing and to shed light on the causes of these errors. The current study determines morphological defects using both quantitative and qualitative methods. The children from Iqra Hoti School Mardan were chosen by the researcher. Dulay, Burt, and Krashen's (1983) theory was used to analyze the errors. The study's findings demonstrated that omission, addition, misformation, and misordering errors are common among students learning English as a second language. Humanity Publications M.phil scholars, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP Pakistan. M.phil scholars, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP Pakistan. M.phil scholars, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP Pakistan. 2023-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/analysis-of-morphological-errors-in-english-written-texts-by-esl-learners https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-IV).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 4 Pakistan

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A Critical Study of Text Interpretation in the Novel, "A Case of Exploding Mangoes in the Light of Historicism" Kiran Mengal Gul Khanda Text Interpretation Historicism History Cultural Context The study of Hanif's historic novel "A Case of Exploding Mangoes" (2008), involves interpreting history in the light of new realities and reflecting on the cultural context. Hanif effectively portrays the authentic historical context of Pakistani society, allowing for a more insightful and creative interpretation of history. This study examines the historical fiction "A Case of Exploding Mangoes" (2008) by Hanif, employing the New Historicism theory. The objective of the study is to analyze and evaluate literary texts in a critical manner, allowing students to have a comprehensive understanding of the text. The study is a qualitative analysis that applies Greenblatt's theory of "New Historicism" (1980) to examine a text within its socio-cultural and historical framework, including the cultural setting. The study found that understanding a work within the context of socio-cultural factors leads to the creation of more imaginative literary interpretations as a whole. Humanity Publications Graduate, Department of English, Sardar Bahadar Khan Women's University, Nushki, Balochistan, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Sardar Bahadar Khan Women's University, Nushki, Balochistan, Pakistan. 2023-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/a-critical-study-of-text-interpretation-in-the-novel-a-case-of-exploding-mangoes-in-the-light-of-historicism https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-IV).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 4 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:395028 2023-12-30 glr

Subjugation of the Female Body: A Phallocentric Study in the Short Story The Rock by Ismat Chughtai Ahad Anjum Muhammad Zain ul Abedin Saba Atta Subjugation of Female Body Phallocentric Structure Male Sirens This study looks at Helene Cixous's feminist interpretation of Ismat Chugtai's short story, The Rock. The feminist method aims to highlight the limited choices and autonomy given to women while exploring the gender roles, societal expectations, and patriarchal conventions prominent in the story. Use a qualitative approach to thoroughly understand the lived experiences of people in the phallocentric domain. Examine Helen Cixous's explanation of the individualized interpretations, sentiments, and meanings connected to gender roles, sexuality, and power dynamics. The phallocentric domains of Cixous explore how contemporary women contribute to a life that is diminished and the oppression they experience, illuminating the greater problems that stifle and constrain women. Using Helen Cixous's phallocentric framework to analyze the text, the research findings expose the severe entrenchment of patriarchal power systems that uphold the objectification and enslavement of the female body, underscoring the pressing need for feminist resistance and liberation. Humanity Publications M.Phil Scholar, Department of English Language and Literature, University of Management Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil Scholar, Department of English Language and Literature, Riphah International University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer Ummah International College, Faisalabad Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/subjugation-of-the-female-body-a-phallocentric-study-in-the-short-story-the-rock-by-ismat-chughtai https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-IV).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 4 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:395029 2023-12-30 glr

Stylistics Analysis of Lexical Categories in "Annabel Lee" by Edgar Allan Poe Muhammad Mubashir Kainat Jameel Ashvah Lodhi Edgar Allan Poe Annabel Lee Lexical Categories Stylistics Analysis The present study delves into the stylistic analysis of the poem, Annabel Lee" penned by Edgar Allan Poe. The study is based on the qualitative method, where the textual verses of the poem were examined to identify the peculiar qualities of the poet's style by analyzing his choice of vocabulary related to different lexical categories. The researcher used Leech and Short's (1981) model to do a stylistic analysis of the given poem at the lexical level. The lexical analysis shows the emotional narration of the tragic death of the poet's beloved. This lexical analysis further showed the choice and use of nouns, adjectives, verbs, and adverbs by the poet which supports his emotive attitude. The study provides the researchers with a new insight into analyzing the writer's style by doing a stylistic analysis of any literary work. Humanity Publications Masters (English Language and Literature), Department of English, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, Department of English, The Women University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, Department of English, The Women University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/stylistics-analysis-of-lexical-categories-in-annabel-lee-by-edgar-allan-poe https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-IV).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 4 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:395030 2023-12-30 glr

Unveiling the Subaltern Voices: A Study of the Bull and the She Devil Muhammad Irfan Iqra Hameed Subaltern Power Dynamics Resistance The tale "The The Bull and She Devil" by Zaibunnisa Hamidullah focuses on the experiences of people who are that are oppressed and marginalized by social structure, echoing the concept of subalternity as conceived in the work of Antonio Gramsci. This study explores how this story exposes voice of the subaltern, describing the difficulties and obstacles that people of lower status. Based on an analysis based on Gramsci's theories, this research explores the experiences of the characters as they struggle to resist the hegemonic power structures. Abstracts also highlight that the tale shows the desire of the marginalized of empowerment and agency even though they are enslaved by the dominant society forces. Humanity Publications MPhil, Department of English Language and Literature, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/unveiling-the-subaltern-voices-a-study-of-the-bull-and-the-she-devil https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2023(VIII-IV).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 8, Issue 4 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:395536 2024-03-30 glr

Understanding the formation of linguistic relativity: A Structuralist Analysis of Margret Atwood’s Handmaid’sTale Syed Waqar Hussain Shah Arooba Choudhary Linguistic Relativity Structuralism Metafiction Feminist Resistance The Handmaid’sTale is a dystopian fiction which has caught attention of many critics and metafiction readers for its stylistic and thematic approaches. The structuralist theory was morphing into post-structuralist theory at the time the novel came out. Thus, it is necessary to undergo the structuralist and linguistic relative analysis of this metafiction. This research paper attempts to understand the core essence of the predictions and connotations the novel has imbibed in itself. The research essay takes into account the studies that are already done on the novel and compare them to trace down the structuralist concerns that Margaret Atwood raises in her dystopian metafiction. This paper attempts to highlight the linguistic tools that uncover the underlying feminist resistance and rebellion that Atwood portrays in her female characters. Humanity Publications Graduate Scholar, Department of English, Faculty of Humanities & Social Sciences, The University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan. Undergraduate Scholar, Institute of English Language and Literature, Government College University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/understanding-the-formation-of-linguistic-relativity-a-structuralist-analysis-of-margret-atwoods-handmaidstale https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2024(IX-I).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 9, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:395538 2024-03-30 glr

Fiction as an Escape from Postmodern Existential Dread: How Fantasy Responds to Disillusioned World Waniya Masood Harry Potter Hobbit Postmodernism Fantasy The primary intent of this research is to investigate how fiction especially fantasy series like those of J.R.R. Tolkien's The Hobbit and J.K. Rowling's Harry Potter, offers to be a means to escape from the postmodern existential and pragmatic anxieties. Postmodernism is characterized by intertextuality and subjectivity in every domain of life leaving human beings in an abyss of searching for meaning and identity. The study examines how these fictional works through fictional plots and settings, irregular and unreliable narrations, and deep sketches of character arcs, provide the postmodern man with a coping mechanism against alienation, disillusionment, and existential dread. The magical idealism created by the postmodern authors navigates through the human journey of identity and existence. This paper explores how the postmodern narratives infuse a sense of disillusionment and discomfort for the readers and affirms how fantasy offers solace. Humanity Publications Graduate Scholar, Department of English Literature and Language, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/fiction-as-an-escape-from-postmodern-existential-dread-how-fantasy-responds-to-disillusioned-world https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2024(IX-I).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 9, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:395761 2024-03-30 glr

Gendered Spaces and Female Agency in Selected South Asian English Dramas: A Feminist Reading of Dattani, Padmanabhan, and Sengupta Kainat Taj Kainat Janat Sanam Tariq Gendered Spaces Female Agency South Asian Drama Feminist Theatre Postcolonial Criticism This paper investigates how gendered spaces shape female agency in contemporary South Asian English-language theatre. Playwrights such as Mahesh Dattani (Tara, Bravely Fought the Queen), Manjula Padmanabhan (Harvest), and Poile Sengupta (Mangalam) depict women negotiating domestic, social, and tokenized spaces constrained by patriarchal power. Drawing on feminist literary criticism and spatial theory, the study examines recurring themes of confinement, silence, commodification, and agency. Findings reveal that home and intimate spaces function both as sites of oppression and arenas for resistance, highlighting women’s strategies of subversion and identity reinvention. The plays problematize the binary of confinement and liberation, demonstrating that even restrictive spaces can foster rebellion. Overall, South Asian English drama contributes significantly to feminist and postcolonial discourse, offering critical insights into women’s lived experiences and imaginative forms of resistance. Humanity Publications Undergraduate, Department of English (Literature), Women University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Undergraduate, Department of English (Literature), Women University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Undergraduate, Department of English (Literature), Women University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 2024-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/gendered-spaces-and-female-agency-in-selected-south-asian-english-dramas-a-feminist-reading-of-dattani-padmanabhan-and-sengupta https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2024(IX-I).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 9, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:395762 2024-06-30 glr

Feminist Revisions of Myth in Contemporary Literature Kainat Taj Kainat Janat Sanam Tariq Feminist Literature Myth Revision Contemporary Fiction Women’s Writing Gender and Power The article analyzes feminist rewriting of myth in modern literature, especially the reappropriation, re-reading, and destabilization of myths by women authors who dismantle patriarchal structures through illusory feminist incorporation of them. Myths, traditionally deployed to support gender hierarchies, are now re-conceived to bring female agency, female voice, and female subjectivity to the fore. The analysis of texts based on the feminist theories of literature and critique of mythology looks into The Penelopiad by Margaret Atwood, Circe by Madeline Miller, The Palace of Illusion by Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni, and The World Wife by Carol Ann Duffy. By re-voicing, inversion, and deconstruction of literary devices, such texts resist hegemonic cultural discourses and rebuild feminisms, remodeling myth-grounded traditions. The article contends that such revisions do not merely constitute restructuring of literary canon, but also form part of the larger discussions regarding identity, power, and representation in the coming century. Humanity Publications Undergraduate, Department of English (Literature), Women University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Undergraduate, Department of English (Literature), Women University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Undergraduate, Department of English (Literature), Women University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 2024-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/feminist-revisions-of-myth-in-contemporary-literature https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2024(IX-II).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 9, Issue 2 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:395968 2026-06-30 glr

Prophetic diplomacy and postcolonial accountability: A Rhetorical analysis of Pope Leo XIV’s Address at Unity Palace, Yaoundé, Cameroon, April 15, 2026 Joefrey NGHA NJI Diplomacy Postcolonial Accountability Rhetorical Analysis Pope Leo XIV Unity Palace On April 15, 2026, Pope Leo XIV delivered a landmark address at Unity Palace, the official residence of President Paul Biya in Yaoundé, Cameroon, during the second leg of his eleven-day Apostolic journey to Africa. Addressing heads of state, military generals, civil society leaders, and diplomats, the Pope’s speech stood out for its direct engagement with corruption, political authority, human rights, and national unity. Drawing on Augustinian theology, postcolonial ethics, and Catholic social teaching, Leo XIV’s address exemplifies what scholars may term ‘prophetic diplomacy’: pontifical speech that blends pastoral care with candid political critique. This article contends that the Pope strategically applies Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) using four primary rhetorical strategies and five central thematic clusters to simultaneously urge spiritual reflection, demand postcolonial accountability, and affirm solidarity with Cameroon’s marginalized communities. The article situates these findings within the wider tradition of papal diplomacy in sub-Saharan Africa. Humanity Publications PhD, Department of Bilingual Letters, The University of Dschang, West Region, Cameroon. 2026-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/prophetic-diplomacy-and-postcolonial-accountability-a-rhetorical-analysis-of-pope-leo-xivs-address-at-unity-palace-yaound-cameroon-april-15-2026 https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2026(XI-II).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 11, Issue 2 Pakistan

oai:glrjournal.com:395972 2024-12-30 glr

The Brave Hunter’s Discoveries In Amos Tutuola’s Novel: The Witch-Herbalist of the Remote Town Brel Grace Mangalala Pr Zephirin Bokotiabato Mokogna Alfred Mboko Kokolo Hunter Discovery Journey Witch-Herbalist Rocky-Town Remote-Town This Article studies the Brave Hunter’s discoveries during his two journeys in Amos Tutuola’s novel, “The Witch-Herbalist of The Remote Town.” The aim is to show some aspects of Nigerian civilization, especially the Yuruban civilization in terms of beliefs, culture, and tradition that the Brave Hunter discovers during his two journeys in the novel. Using the socio-psychological approach, the study findings reveal that Tutuola, in writing the two journeys of the Hunter in his novel, uses a symbolic representation of things to depict how the Europeans were coming to Africa, especially in Nigeria during the civilizing missions. This resulted to the conclusion that the colonizers discovered many things in Nigeria during their journeys. So, they discovered the culture, tradition and the civilization of the jungle people and they did not think of going back home because of the wealth they discovered there. Humanity Publications PhD & Assistant Lecturer, Faculté des Lettres, Arts et Sciences Humaines (FLASH), Université Marien Ngouabi, Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo. Maitre de conferences CAMES, Faculte des Lettres, Arts et Sciences Humaines (FLASH), Universite Marien Ngouabi, Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo. (CAMES Associate Professor, Faculty of Letters, Arts and Human Sciences (FLASH), Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Repub Faculty Member, Ecole Normale Superieure (ENS), Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo. 2024-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://glrjournal.com/article/the-brave-hunters-discoveries-in-amos-tutuolas-novel-the-witchherbalist-of-the-remote-town https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2024(IX-IV).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Language Review Volume 9, Issue 4 Pakistan