ARTICLE

EXPLORING AUTONOMOUS LEARNING OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE THROUGH DIGITAL LITERACY A STUDY IN PAKISTANI CONTEXT

07 Pages : 85-98

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-IV).07      10.31703/glr.2022(VII-IV).07      Published : Dec 2022

Exploring Autonomous Learning of English Language through Digital Literacy: A Study in Pakistani Context

    The purpose of this mixed-method design research is to (1) investigate the factors that affect students to regulate their autonomous learning of language through digital literacy. (2) find out how digital literacy can be used to create an equal opportunity for all students to be successful autonomous language learners, and (3) analyze to what extent digital literacy helps students to improve their academic achievement. The quantitative data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, whereas the qualitative data was processed employing thematic
    analysis. The outcomes indicated that the students participated in many out-of-class English learnin practices. The results of interviews reflected the results of the questionnaires, with learners reporting both external and internal reasons that affected their decision to switch to autonomous learning of English.

    Autonomous Language Learning, Constructivism, Computer Assisted Learning, Digital Literacy, Learner’s Autonomy
    (1) Zara Naseer
    Visiting Lecturer, Department of English, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Mehreen Zafar
    Lecturer, Department of English, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab,Pakistan.
    (3) Arooj Riaz
    Visiting Lecturer, Department of English, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan.
  • Chusanachoti, R. (2009). EFL learning through language activities outside the classroom: A case study of English education students in Thailand. Michigan State University.
  • Daflizar, D. (2020). Autonomous English Language Learning Beyond the Classroom: Indonesian Tertiary Students’ Practices and Constraints. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 19(10), 194–213. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.19.10.11
  • Dudeney, G., Hockly, N., & Pegrum, M. (2013). Digital literacies: Research and resources in language teaching. Pearson Education Limited.
  • Gilster, P., & Glister, P. (1997). Digital literacy (p. 1). New York: Wiley Computer Pub.
  • Godwin-Jones, R. (2016). Looking back and ahead: 20 years of technologies for language learning. Language Learning & Technology, 20(2), 5-12. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/44457
  • Hannafin, M. J., & Hannafin, K. M. (2010). Cognition and student-centered, web- based learning: Issues and implications for research and theory. In Learning and instruction in the digital age (pp. 11-23). Springer, Boston, MA.
  • Holec, H. (1979). Autonomy and foreign language learning.
  • Hubbard, P. (2013). Making a case for learner training in technology-enhanced language learning environments. Calico Journal, 30(2), 163-178. https://www.jstor.org/stable/calicojournal.30.2.163
  • Hyland, F. (2004). Learning Autonomously: Contextualising Out-of-class English Language Learning. Language Awareness, 13(3), 180–202. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658410408667094
  • Lai, C., & Gu, M. (2011). Self-regulated out- of-class language learning with technology. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 24(4), 317–335. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2011.568417
  • Li, J., Snow, C., & White, C. (2015). Urban adolescent students and technology: access, use, and interest in learning language and literacy. Innovation in Language learning and teaching, 9(2), 143-162.
  • Little, D. (1994). Learner autonomy: A theoretical construct and its practical application. Die Neueren Sprachen, 93(5), 430-442.
  • Littlewood, W. (1996). “Autonomy”: An anatomy and a framework. System, 24(4), 427-435.
  • Mohammadyari, S., & Singh, H. (2015). Understanding the effect of e-learning on individual performance: The role of digital literacy. Computers &Amp; Education, 82, 11–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2014.10.025
  • Ng, W. (2012). Can we teach digital natives digital literacy? Computers &Amp; Education, 59(3), 1065–1078. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2012.04.016
  • Phillips, B. N., Turnbull, B. J., & He, F. X. (2015). Assessing readiness for self- directed learning within a non- traditional nursing cohort. Nurse Education Today, 35(3), e1–e7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2014.12.003
  • Prior, D. D., Mazanov, J., Meacheam, D., Heaslip, G., & Hanson, J. (2016). Attitude, digital literacy and self efficacy: Flow-on effects for online learning behavior. The Internet and Higher Education, 29, 91–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iheduc.2016.01.001
  • Riddle, S. (2015). The robots are coming for your job! Why digital literacy is so important for the jobs of the future. The Conversation, 27, 1-4.
  • Saadatmand, M., & Kumpulainen, K. (2012). Emerging technologies and new learning ecologies: Learners’ perceptions of learning in open and networked environments. In Proceedings of the 8th international conference on networked learning. 266- 275.
  • Toffoli, D., & Perrot, L. (2017). Autonomy, the online informal learning of english (OILE) and learning resource centers (LRCs): The relationships between learner autonomy, L2 proficiency, L2 autonomy and digital literacy.
  • Trinder, R. (2015). Blending technology and face-to-face: Advanced students’ choices. ReCALL, 28(1), 83–102. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0958344015000166
  • Winke, P., & Goertler, S. (2008). Did we forget someone? Students' computer access and literacy for CALL. Calico Journal, 25(3), 482-509. https://www.jstor.org/stable/calicojournal.25.3.482
  • Zhang, G. (2010). Technology uses in creating second language learning environments: When learners are creators. 1-95. Michigan State University.
  • Zhao, X., & Chen, W. (2014). Correlation between learning motivation and learner autonomy for non-English majors. World Transactions on Engineering and Technology Education, 12(3), 374-379.
  • Zhong, D. (2018). The evolution of learner autonomy in online environments: A case study in a New Zealand context.

Cite this article

    APA : Naseer, Z., Zafar, M., & Riaz, A. (2022). Exploring Autonomous Learning of English Language through Digital Literacy: A Study in Pakistani Context. Global Language Review, VII(IV), 85-98. https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-IV).07
    CHICAGO : Naseer, Zara, Mehreen Zafar, and Arooj Riaz. 2022. "Exploring Autonomous Learning of English Language through Digital Literacy: A Study in Pakistani Context." Global Language Review, VII (IV): 85-98 doi: 10.31703/glr.2022(VII-IV).07
    HARVARD : NASEER, Z., ZAFAR, M. & RIAZ, A. 2022. Exploring Autonomous Learning of English Language through Digital Literacy: A Study in Pakistani Context. Global Language Review, VII, 85-98.
    MHRA : Naseer, Zara, Mehreen Zafar, and Arooj Riaz. 2022. "Exploring Autonomous Learning of English Language through Digital Literacy: A Study in Pakistani Context." Global Language Review, VII: 85-98
    MLA : Naseer, Zara, Mehreen Zafar, and Arooj Riaz. "Exploring Autonomous Learning of English Language through Digital Literacy: A Study in Pakistani Context." Global Language Review, VII.IV (2022): 85-98 Print.
    OXFORD : Naseer, Zara, Zafar, Mehreen, and Riaz, Arooj (2022), "Exploring Autonomous Learning of English Language through Digital Literacy: A Study in Pakistani Context", Global Language Review, VII (IV), 85-98
    TURABIAN : Naseer, Zara, Mehreen Zafar, and Arooj Riaz. "Exploring Autonomous Learning of English Language through Digital Literacy: A Study in Pakistani Context." Global Language Review VII, no. IV (2022): 85-98. https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(VII-IV).07