'Half Widows and Half Mothers': Traumatic Voices of Women From the Literary Narratives of Jammu and Kashmir
This study is an attempt to explore the traumatic voices of women as half-mothers and half widows in the selected Kashmiri Anglophone fiction. Since the partition of the Indian Sub-continent, Kashmiris have been subjugated to violence and brutality under occupation. The lives of Kashmiri women have been worse, particularly during the 1990s, when the militancy increased because of hostile policies of the Indian government, which resulted in violence and brutality. Owing to their strength and resilience, the Kashmiri women have withstood the oppressive conditions. Compared to men, they have been at a loss while losing husbands and sons in a blind war of aggression and power. Using textual analysis and qualitative research paradigm, the study is based on Bashir's The HalfMother (2014) through the lens of La Capra's Acting out versus Working through and Caruth's Theory of Double Trauma. The study reveals that women are not only victims but also fighters.
-
Acting Out, Working Through, HalfWidows, Half-Mothers, Kashmir, Loss, Trauma, Women
-
(1) Samia Hanif
PhD Scholar, Department of English, Air University Islamabad, Pakistan.
(2) Munawar Iqbal Ahmed
Chairperson, Department of English, Air University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
- Adil, H. (2017, 04, 08). Mirza Waheed: 'Violence will not end Kashmir conflict'. Aljazeeera. http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2017/03/mirza-waheed-violence-kashmir-conflict170329051029132.html
- Ayesha, R. D. (2009). Kashmiri women and the politics of identity. In SHUR Final conference on Human Rights and Civil society, Luiss University, Rome, Italy
- Ayesha, S. (2014). The Half Mother. Gurgaon, India: Hachette.
- Blank, J. http://www.nytimes.com
- Caruth, C. (1995). Trauma: Explorations in Memory. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press
- Caruth, C. (1996). Unclaimed Experience: Trauma, Narrative, and History. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
- Hartmann, G. (1995).
- Heidarizadeh, N. (2015). The Significant Role of Trauma in Literature and Psychoanalysis. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 192, 788-795. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.06.093
- Herman, J. L. (1997). Introduction. Trauma and Recovery: The Aftermath of Violence--From Domestic Abuse to Political Terror 551. Basic Books. http://unityandstruggle.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/ Herman_Trauma-and-Recovery.pdf
- Heyink, J., & Tymstra, T. (1993). The Function of Qualitative Research. Social Indicators Research, 29(3), 291- 305. http://www.jstor.org/stable/27522699
- Hunt, K. (2016, September). India and Pakistan's Kashmir dispute: What you need to know. http://edition.cnn.com/2016/09/30/asia/kashmir-explainer/
- LaCapra, D. (1994). Representing the Holocaust: History, Theory, Trauma. Ithaca; London: Cornell University Press
- LaCapra, D. (2001). Writing History, Writing Trauma. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
- Luckhurst, R. (2008). The Trauma Question. London; New York: Routledge
- Manecksha, F. (2017). Behold, I shine: Narratives of Kashmir's Women and Children. New Delhi: Rupa Publications.
- Pakistan Mission to the United Nations. (2017). Kashmir - The History. http://www.pakun.org/ kashmir/ history.php
- Potter, W. J. (1996). An analysis of thinking and research about qualitative methods. Psychology Press.
- Rastegar, K. (2006). Trauma and Maturation in Women's War Narratives: The Eye of the Mirror and Cracking India. Journal of Middle East Women's Studies, 2(3), 22-47.
- Vickroy L. (2014) Voices of Survivors in Contemporary Fiction. In Balaev M. (eds) Contemporary Approaches in Literary Trauma Theory. Palgrave Macmillan, London
- Vickroy, L. (2002). Trauma and Survival in Contemporary Fiction. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press
- Whitehead, A. (2004). Trauma Fiction. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press
Cite this article
-
APA : Hanif, S., & Ahmed, M. I. (2020). 'Half Widows and Half Mothers': Traumatic Voices of Women From the Literary Narratives of Jammu and Kashmir. Global Language Review, V(IV), 123-130. https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-IV).13
-
CHICAGO : Hanif, Samia, and Munawar Iqbal Ahmed. 2020. "'Half Widows and Half Mothers': Traumatic Voices of Women From the Literary Narratives of Jammu and Kashmir." Global Language Review, V (IV): 123-130 doi: 10.31703/glr.2020(V-IV).13
-
HARVARD : HANIF, S. & AHMED, M. I. 2020. 'Half Widows and Half Mothers': Traumatic Voices of Women From the Literary Narratives of Jammu and Kashmir. Global Language Review, V, 123-130.
-
MHRA : Hanif, Samia, and Munawar Iqbal Ahmed. 2020. "'Half Widows and Half Mothers': Traumatic Voices of Women From the Literary Narratives of Jammu and Kashmir." Global Language Review, V: 123-130
-
MLA : Hanif, Samia, and Munawar Iqbal Ahmed. "'Half Widows and Half Mothers': Traumatic Voices of Women From the Literary Narratives of Jammu and Kashmir." Global Language Review, V.IV (2020): 123-130 Print.
-
OXFORD : Hanif, Samia and Ahmed, Munawar Iqbal (2020), "'Half Widows and Half Mothers': Traumatic Voices of Women From the Literary Narratives of Jammu and Kashmir", Global Language Review, V (IV), 123-130
-
TURABIAN : Hanif, Samia, and Munawar Iqbal Ahmed. "'Half Widows and Half Mothers': Traumatic Voices of Women From the Literary Narratives of Jammu and Kashmir." Global Language Review V, no. IV (2020): 123-130. https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-IV).13